| 美国世界一流大学经费支出研究及启示 |
| The Expenditure of American World-Class Universities and Its Enlightenment |
| 摘要点击： 309 全文点击： 441 |
| 查看全文 查看/发表评论 下载PDF阅读器 |
| 中文关键词：美国 世界一流大学 公立大学 经费支出 大学排名 |
| 英文关键词：United States world-class university public university expenditure ranking |
| 基金项目：国家自然科学基金重点课题“‘互联网+’时代研究生教育管理变革与创新研究”（71834001） |
|
| 中文摘要： |
| 本文运用固定效应模型，分析近十年美国公立世界一流大学的经费支出数据。研究发现：美国一流公立大学中教学科研经费是主要支出；经费总支出与一流大学的排名没有显著相关性，但部分经费支出对大学排名有显著影响。对于无医院服务支出的高校，公共服务支出与大学排名显著正相关；对于有医院服务支出的高校，辅助经营支出的增加有助于大学排名的提升，公共服务支出的影响却相反。因此，提高经费使用效率比增加总额更为重要。我国“双一流”建设高校应该革新经费支出配置理念，建立科学有效的经费配置体系，增大学校各类服务支出。 |
| 英文摘要： |
| This paper uses the fixed-effects model to analyze the data of American world-class public universities in the past decade. It is found that teaching and research funds are the main expenditures in the first-class public universities in the United States, and the total expenditure of universities is unnecessarily related to the performance. However, some specific expenditures have significant impacts on university performance: the public service expenditure is significantly positively correlated with the performance of universities without hospital services; for universities with hospital services, the increase of auxiliary operating expenses contributes to the improvement of university performance, but the impact of public service expenditure is in contrast. It shows that it is more important to increase the financial efficiency than to increase the total amount. The paper suggests that universities on the "Double World-Class" construction list innovate the idea of expenditure allocation, establish a scientific and effective financial allocation system, and increase service expenditure. |
