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1.
Rick Anderson 《Learned Publishing》2016,29(3):215-218
Key points
- U.S. university OA policies are far less mandatory than those in the U.K.
- The waiver clauses in U.S. university policies make it easy for authors to decline making their articles OA.
- The relative autonomy – and competitiveness – of U.S. universities may be the reason for weaker OA policies.
- OA in the U.S. is likely to be driven by government funding agency policies rather than by academia.
2.
Fiorella Foscarini 《Archival Science》2010,10(4):389-407
Current records management methodologies and practices suffer from an inadequate understanding of the ‘human activity systems’
where records managers operate as ‘mediators’ between a number of complex and interacting factors. Although the records management
and archival literature recognizes that managing the active life of the records is fundamental to their survival as meaningful
evidence of activities, the context where the records are made, captured, used, and selectively retained is not explored in
depth. In particular, the various standards, models, and functional requirement lists, which occupy a vast portion of that
literature, especially in relation to electronic records, do not seem to be capable of framing records-related ‘problems’
in ways that account for their dynamic and multiform nature. This paper introduces the idea that alternative, ‘softer’ approaches to the analysis of organizational functions, structures, agents, and artifacts may usefully complement the ‘hard’, engineering-like approaches typically drawn on by information and records specialists. Three interrelated theoretical and
methodological frameworks—namely, Soft Systems Methodology, Adaptive Structuration Theory, and Genre Theory—are discussed,
with the purpose of highlighting their contributions to our understanding of the records context. 相似文献
3.
During the last 15 years, records managers and archivists have focused on defining requirements for functionality and metadata of electronic records management systems. So far little is known about metadata that are actually created in these systems. This study examines metadata in records of a Finnish government agency. The metadata comply with the national SÄHKE records management metadata specification. The main findings are that a substantial number of metadata elements in SÄHKE remained unused. Generated metadata were largely about event history. Optional metadata elements were used rarely. The metadata show clear patterns, which may suggest systematic recordkeeping processes and possibly minimal human intervention in metadata creation. 相似文献
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文件还是档案?——为records正名 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
随着经济的全球化和国际交流的增多,档案界越来越多地出现以"文件"来解释档案工作.如:文件生命周期、文件连续体理论被称为档案学基本理论;文件管理及元数据国际标准将采用为国家档案工作标准;很多学者还认为国外没有电子档案、只有电子文件等.实际上这些以"文件"入主"档案"工作的困惑,都源于档案界多年来对records翻译、使用上的误解. 相似文献
7.
Donghee Sinn Sue Yeon Syn Sung-Min KimAuthor vitae 《Library & information science research》2011,33(4):320-330
This examination of how the general public uses commercially provided e-mail and blog services to keep their personal documents and history supports exploration into how information professionals can assist the general public in archiving their data, with a view to preservation for future generations and historians. An online survey was conducted to gather data on the current status of e-mail and blog usage, users’ perceptions on archiving their contents in e-mail and blogs, and the expectations for and functionalities of archiving tools users find useful or necessary. A total of 345 e-mail and blog users participated in the survey. Participants were found to be well aware of the risk of losing their content in e-mail and blogs, and of the fact that most e-mail and blog services do not provide any method of backing up content. Participants valued the content related to their personal history highly and would have liked to have it preserved; however, they had not located many acceptable tools for preservation. Despite this, information professionals have not been actively engaged in meeting such users' needs. 相似文献
8.
Shadrack Katuu 《档案与原稿》2013,41(2):96-119
The development of education and training opportunities for professionals in the archives and records management (ARM) profession in Africa has been the subject of a number of professional discussions in the past. However, a significant number of recent developments and trends have not been captured in these discussions. This article provides a historical outline and some of the major developments of ARM education and training in Africa. In addition, it traces some of the key challenges educators and trainers currently face. The article demonstrates the diversity that exists in the African continent both in the variety of institutions and the types of qualifications offered in archives and records management. It provides a glimpse of the growth of universities in the continent using the case study of Kenya. While this growth provides greater education and training opportunities, there is a need to examine its impact on quality. The article suggests the strengthening of graduate-level education as well as participation in global research to mitigate against risks in the quality of ARM education and training. 相似文献
9.
This article critically analyses the views of a group of international experts on ISO 15489, the international records management
standard, during the final phase of a project assessing its impact in the UK. It provides an overview of the entire research
project and then focusses on the use of a modified Delphi study in gathering the views of experts. The Delphi technique is
a research method not commonly used in records management and archival science research; relevant background to the technique
is provided though the purpose of the article is not to provide a comprehensive review of it as a research method. A modified
electronic version of the technique was used which was qualitative rather than quantitative and not focussed on the more usual
consensus building. The article concludes that a Delphi study is a practical technique for conducting research which seeks
to gather views from geographically dispersed participants in a timely, time-effective and convenient manner for all those
involved. The use of a modified Delphi study proved to be extremely valuable in facilitating discussions of complex emergent
issues about the role, value and nature of standards for records management, in particular ISO 15489, and about the future
of ISO 15489, at a higher level of abstraction. The article makes a contribution in two areas: first in terms of the views
of a group of leading international records management experts on the first international standard in records management;
and second, in terms of the use of a research method which has previously been little used in the records management discipline.
Julie McLeod is a Professor in Records Management in the School of Engineering, Computing and Information Sciences at Northumbria University, joining after a career in industry. She has worked on innovative work-based and distance learning training and education initiatives with the BBC, Deutsche Bank, The National Archives and the European Central Bank. A member of the BSI and ISO committees on records management standards work, she has conducted JISC and AHRC funded research in records management, has published widely and holds positions on the boards of several esteemed journals. In 2006 she became a member of the AHRC Peer Review Panel for Libraries, Museums and Archives and in 2007 was awarded a Personal Chair by Northumbria University. Sue Childs is a Research Fellow within the Information Society Research and Consultancy Group at the School of Computing, Engineering and Information Sciences, Northumbria University. Her research interests include: records management; information society; health information; evidence-based practice particularly systematic reviews; user needs; ICT, information and critical/evaluative skills. She has worked on many research projects funded by a wide range of organisations. She has worked with Julie McLeod on records management projects funded by the AHRC and JISC; she also teaches on research methods courses. She edits the ‘Health Information on the Internet Journal’, published by the Royal Society of Medicine Press. 相似文献
| Sue ChildsEmail: |
Julie McLeod is a Professor in Records Management in the School of Engineering, Computing and Information Sciences at Northumbria University, joining after a career in industry. She has worked on innovative work-based and distance learning training and education initiatives with the BBC, Deutsche Bank, The National Archives and the European Central Bank. A member of the BSI and ISO committees on records management standards work, she has conducted JISC and AHRC funded research in records management, has published widely and holds positions on the boards of several esteemed journals. In 2006 she became a member of the AHRC Peer Review Panel for Libraries, Museums and Archives and in 2007 was awarded a Personal Chair by Northumbria University. Sue Childs is a Research Fellow within the Information Society Research and Consultancy Group at the School of Computing, Engineering and Information Sciences, Northumbria University. Her research interests include: records management; information society; health information; evidence-based practice particularly systematic reviews; user needs; ICT, information and critical/evaluative skills. She has worked on many research projects funded by a wide range of organisations. She has worked with Julie McLeod on records management projects funded by the AHRC and JISC; she also teaches on research methods courses. She edits the ‘Health Information on the Internet Journal’, published by the Royal Society of Medicine Press. 相似文献
10.
The writings of Yuk Hui, bringing together both technical and philosophical insights, present a new way of dealing with the digital. The aim of this article is to assess the use of Hui’s theories on digital objects as a critical reframing, looking at the concept of digital records in particular. Two types of ontology are needed in order to understand digital objects according to Hui: (1) ontologies which relates to the technical language and hierarchies of knowledge representation, like metadata; (2) Ontology, which is a question of being-in-the-tradition of Heidegger’s phenomenology, the understanding of what it is to be in the world. Both are needed to account for the nature of the digital object. Further, digital objects are produced and constituted through their relations, which can be divided into discursive (technical and logical) and existential (the understanding of being-in-the-world) relations. Different conceptions of digital records are discussed, in order to find commonalities and possibilities in relation to Hui’s theory. The digital record as a process of becoming, information as affordance, and temporality are related to and structured through the application of Hui’s perspective. The article ends with the contribution of a possible redefinition of digital records: a digital record is constituted and concretised as material by discursive and existential relations that taken together function as a persistent representation. Hui’s theory is suggested as a set of coordinates for further thinking and a method for critical reading of digital records.
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Ben Alexander 《Archival Science》2009,9(1-2):87-98
‘Yaddo’, recalled composer Aaron Copland, ‘became so much a part of my life that I tend to forget how strange the name sounds to those not familiar with it.’ By its very delineation, vagary of purpose, and posture of cloistered withdrawal, Yaddo is defined by a meticulously cultivated and carefully guarded tradition of community and cultural identity; one that was carefully preserved (and, in turn was informed by) the formation of an archive. My point of query centers on the particular consequences of the bond between historical trace and physical place being severed (as perhaps it always must be) when the very materiality that informs an institution’s ‘memory’ is irrevocably distanced. 相似文献
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Irene Onyancha Ahmed Al-Awah Florie Cole 《International Information and Library Review》2012,44(3):171-179
In its 50 years of existence, the United Nations Economic Commission of Africa (UNECA) has created and holds a vast quantity of information and knowledge in a variety of formats, including printed and electronic. These represent the corporate memory, providing historical evidence of its actions and decisions. The information resources include published materials such as flagship publications, journal articles, conference proceedings, technical reports, mission reports, annual reports, working papers, policy briefs, speeches and other grey literature, all which outline important research or decisions that have been made on the economic and social development in Africa. In 2009 the Library was awarded seed funding to implement the ECA Institutional Repository (IR). This paper discusses the various activities that have been undertaken to realize the project including; highly customized Dspace installation to support the MARC21 metadata, digitization, migration of metadata from the Library Integrated Management System (HORIZON) and, customization of the Dspace workflow to enable review of imported records. The paper also highlights lessons learnt, challenges and some of the best practices developed throughout the implementation and roll out of the ECA IR project. The Institutional Repository at http://repository.uneca.org/ is the first of its kind within the United Nations Secretariat and offers unique knowledge and information not available elsewhere pertaining to regional programmes, decisions and resolutions promoting social and economic development of Africa. 相似文献
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Julie Collins 《档案与原稿》2013,41(3):181-190
The article reports the findings from research investigating the impact of international standards for records management. This is a significant issue for the recordkeeping community given the significant resourcing devoted to the development of international standards. Previous attempts to measure impact have met with little success, so this research approached the problem area from a new angle, namely the indirect influence of standards on practice via their use in education and training. Data was collected from a global survey of educators and trainers. Findings demonstrate that the standards are being used extensively at undergraduate and postgraduate level as well as in vocational training. However, a number of barriers to use are identified. The research provides a strong foundation for further investigation of impact and use of the international standards. 相似文献
15.
Language distribution in scientific communication reflects the influence of different languages on science in global perspective. The study, based on over 450 thousand scientific tweets of all publications indexed by Scopus in June 2015, reveals the language distribution in informal scientific communication. Moreover, this result is compared with the language distribution in formal scientific communication reflected in scientific publications. Results show: (1) The language of scientific tweets is concentrated in English (91%), Japanese (2.4%) and Spanish (1.7%), while the language of scientific publications is concentrated in English (90.6%), Chinese (5%) and German (1.1%). (2) Both scientific tweets and scientific publications present disciplinary differences in language distribution, reflecting the different amount of attention that authors of different languages have on certain disciplines. (3) Except Saudi Arabia, investigated countries all over the world, regardless of whether their native language is English or not, all have English scientific tweets in the dominant position. For the vast majority of these countries, the native language scientific tweets only rank the second position. (4) Overall, 26% of tweeters use more than one language to tweet scientific products, while 49% of scientific tweeters tweet everything in English only. The results indicate that English has undoubtedly become the lingua franca in informal scientific communication. 相似文献
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Michael Karabinos 《Archival Science》2018,18(3):207-224
This article offers a test of the records continuum model. As a case study I use the Foreign and Commonwealth Office “Migrated Archives”, those records first made known to the public in 2011 during the court case against the British government. Through this case, records from over 30 former colonies were found to have been stored away by the FCO, since the colonies had become independent. While testing the continuum model with this case, I simultaneously use the records continuum model to tell the history of the Migrated Archives. My research finds that by highlighting the hidden moments—the shadows of the continuum—the Migrated Archives reveals that the continuum model can be too dependent on pluralization and a culture of openness and accessibility. Using the term “shadow continuum,” I attempt to rectify this situation by allowing for continuum model processes to continue, albeit in the shadows. 相似文献
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档案术语record和records的内涵和译法长期以来是档案界关注和讨论的焦点之一。本文从record和records的词源、定义和内涵入手，分析国内该术语存在的译名争议背后的原因，从中外档案管理工作的本质出发，提出record和records的具体译名应结合实际语境而定。 相似文献
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我国档案学界对文件生命周期理论中records相关术语的翻译和解释基本上已形成共识,但对文件连续体理论中records的理解尚未形成统一认识。本文在重新梳理文件连续体理论records相关术语内涵的基础上,提出文件生命周期理论与文件连续体理论中records相关术语存在有限的“生命周期”与无限的“时空延伸”之分、具化与抽象之分、单一与多元之分等区别。同时,从管理历史和发展趋势的角度来看,其含义在不同时代有一定意义上的重叠,并在未来有趋于一致的可能性。 相似文献
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Viviane Frings-Hessami 《档案与原稿》2018,46(2):158-173
The historical records created by Australian child welfare agencies were never intended to be released to the children after they left ‘care’. They were administrative records that were compiled for the agencies’ own use, not to meet the needs of the children or their adult selves. What happened after records were released to Care Leavers and reused by them is not what the agencies intended to happen. The author argues that this cannot be adequately mapped onto the Records Continuum Model and proposes a Repurposed Archive Continuum Model to represent the processes involved when Care Leavers are attempting to access their records. 相似文献