共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
1.
Changes of root morphology and Pb uptake by two species of Elsholtzia under Pb toxicity 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
Elsholtzia argyi and Elsholtzia splendens, which are Chinese endemic Pb/Zn mined and Cu mined ecotype respectively, were investigated on the aspect of their response to Pb toxicity in the presence or absence of EDTA addition. After 8 d's Pb treatment, root length, root surface area and root volume of E. splendens decreased much more than those ofE. argyi, and reduced considerably with increase of Pb, while no marked change was noted for root average diameter. Compared to E. argyi, length of root with diameter (D)＜0.2 mm was significantly reduced for E. splendens as Pb increased. D＜0.1 mm E. splendens root had cross-sectional surface area at Pb≥10 mg/L, while for E. argyi, it was at Pb＞25 mg/L. With increase ofPb, DW ofE. splendens decreased much more than that of E. argyi. E. argyi exhibited much more tolerance to Pb toxicity than E. splendens. Treatment with 100 mg/L Pb plus 50 mmol/L EDTA significantly decreased the length and surface area of D≤0.2 mm root, increased the length and surface area of 0.2≤D≤0.8 mm root for the case ofE. argyi, while for E. splendens, length and surface area of D＜0.6 mm root reduced, as compared to 100 mg/L Pb treatment, alone. At 100 mg/L Pb, shoot Pb accumulation in E. splendens and E. argyi were 27.9 and 89.0 μg/plant DW respectively, and much more Pb was uptaken by the root and translocated to the stem ofE. argyi as compared to E. splendens. Treatment of the plant with 100 mg/L Pb plus 50 mmol/L EDTA increased leaf Pb accumulation from 16.8 to 84.9 g/plant for E. splendens and from 18.8 to 52.5 g/plant for E. argyi, while both root and stem Pb pronouncedly reduced for both Elsholtzia species. The increased translocation of Pb to the leaf ofE. splendens being than that ofE. argyi after treatment with 100 mg/L Pb plus 50 mmol/L EDTA should be further investigated. 相似文献
2.
中药王不留行的组织培养技术初探 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
选取王不留行饱满种子培养无菌苗,用无菌苗的茎和叶作为外植体,分别接种MS基本培养基外加激素NAA和6-BA诱导愈伤组织和不定芽,使用1/2MS培养基,附加IBA或NAA进行不定芽的生根实验,最后炼苗和移栽.实验结果表明王不留行的最优组织培养方案:种子用0.1%升汞消毒8m in,无菌湿脱脂棉催芽,茎和叶作为外植体,使用MS 0.1mg/L NAA 0.1mg/L 6-BA诱导愈伤组织和不定芽,1/2MS 0.15mg/L NAA诱导植株生根. 相似文献
3.
Interaction of salinity and cadmium stresses on mineral nutrients,sodium, and cadmium accumulation in four barley genotypes 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Interaction of salinity （NaCI） and cadmium （Cd） on growth, mineral nutrients, Na and Cd accumulation in four barley genotypes differing in salt tolerance was studied in a hydroponic experiment. Cd, NaCI and their combined stresses reduced Ca and Mg concentrations in roots and shoots, K concentration in shoots, increased K and Cu concentrations in roots relative to control, but had non-significant effect on micronutrients Cu, Fe and Mn concentrations in shoot. The three stresses reduced accumulation of most tested nutrients in both roots and shoots, except NaCI and NaCl＋Cd stresses for root K and shoot Cu accumulation in salt tolerant genotypes. The salt tolerant genotypes did not have higher nutrient concentration and accumulation than the sensitive ones when exposed to Cd and NaCI stresses. In conclusion, the affecting mechanism of Cd stress on nutrients was to some extent different from salinity stress, and the NaCl＋Cd stress was not equal to additional Cd and NaCI stresses, probably due to the different valence and competitive site of Na^＋ and Cd^2＋. NaCI addition in the Cd-containing medium caused remarkable reductions in both Cd concentration and accumulation, with the extent of reduction being also dependent on genotypes. The salt-tolerant genotypes had lower Na concentration than sensitive ones. 相似文献
4.
The effect of Al and Cd on the growth, photosynthesis, and accumulation of Al, Cd and plant nutrients in two soybean genotypes were determined using hydroponic culture. There were six treatments: pH 6.5; pH 4.0; pH 6.5 1.0 μmol/L Cd; pH 4.0 1.0 μmol/L Cd; pH 4.0 150 μmol/L Al; pH 4.0 1.0 μmol/L Cd 150 μmol/L Al. The low pH (4.0) and Al treatments caused marked reduction in root length, shoot height, dry weight, chlorophyll content (SPAD value) and photosynthetic rate. Al-sensitive cv. Zhechun 2 accumulated comparatively more Al and Cd in plants than Al-tolerant cv. Liao 1. Compared with pH 6.5, pH 4.0 resulted in significant increase in Cd and Al concentration in plants. Combined application of Cd and Al enhanced their accu-mulation in roots, but caused a reduction in shoots. The concentrations of all 10 nutrients (P, K, Ca, Mg, Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn and B), except Mo were also increased when plants were exposed to pH lower than pH 6.5. Al addition caused a reduction in the con-centration of most nutrients in plant roots and shoots; but K, Mn and Zn in roots were increased. Treatments with Cd alone or together with Al reduced the concentrations of all the plant nutrients in plants. Al-sensitive genotype Zhechun 2 has lower nutrient concentration than Al-tolerant genotype Liao 1. The current findings imply that Al and Cd are synergistic in their effect on plant growth, physiological traits and nutrient uptake. 相似文献
5.
INTRODUCTIONOryzasativaL .riceisasemi aquaticspe ciesadaptedtoavarietyofclimates.Uplandricedependsmainlyonrainfall,isoftenexposedtodrought,andhasdevelopeddroughtresistanttraits.Aprincipalmechanismbywhichriceadaptstowaterdeficiencyisthroughtheposses sionof… 相似文献
6.
Understanding the growth and physiological responses of rice to upland conditions would be helpful for designing treatments
to improve the tolerance of rice under a rainfed system. The objective of this study was to investigate the initiation, elongation
and membrane stability of seminal, lateral and adventitious roots of upland rice after 9-d upland condition treatment. Compared
with control roots under waterlogged conditions, upland water deficiency conditions favor seminal and lateral root growth
over adventitious root growth by accelerating seminal root elongation, promoting lateral root initiation and elongation, and
reducing the elongation and number of adventitious roots. Enhanced total root number and length resulted in increase of total
root dry weight and thereby increasing the root-to-shoot ratio. Organic compound leakage from seminal root tips and adventitious
roots increased progressively to some extent with upland culture duration, while significant increases in semial root tips
were the consequence of loss of membrane integrity caused by the upland-condition enhanced growth.
Project (No. G1999011700) supported by National Key Basic Research Special (863) Foundation of China 相似文献
7.
Hydroponic experiments conducted to examine the chromiun uptake by C. communis in the presence of different Cr concentrations (Cr6+ 100 and 200 mg/L, respectively) and free histidine supplementation (0.5 and 1.0 mol/L) showed that shoot and root growth of C. communis decreased greatly with increasing Cr concentrations in the medium; and that the species was a typical excluder since it accumulated high concentrations of Cr in roots but comparatively low concentrations in shoots. Chromium in shoots and roots of Cr24 -supplied plants ranged from 329-1880 and 3788-4240 mg/kg DW, respectively, while those of Cr24 -histidine-supplied plants ranged from 478 to 629 mg/kg and 4157-4303 mg/kg DW, respectively. With Cr present in the hydroponic solution, C. communis accumulated more Cr in its tissues. Increasing histidine application to the solution significantly increased chromium accumulation in the plant tissues but could not alter the accumulation pattern of plants although it induced a higher concentration of Cr in its shoots and roots. These features suggested that C. communis may serve as an alternative species in a constructed wetland for phytoextraction treatment of Cr-containing wastewater and for phytostabilization of Cr mining spoils. 相似文献
8.
9.
Yun Wu Yi-ping Xia Jia-ping Zhang Fang Du Lin Zhang Yi-di Ma Hong Zhou 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2016,17(11):892-904
Bulblet development is a problem in global lily bulb production and carbohydrate metabolism is a crucial factor. Micropropagation acts as an efficient substitute for faster propagation and can provide a controllable condition to explore bulb growth. The present study was conducted to investigate the effects of humic acid (HA) on bulblet swelling and the carbohydrate metabolic pathway in Lilium Oriental Hybrids ‘Sorbonne’ under in vitro conditions. HA greatly promoted bulblet growth at 0.2, 2.0, and 20.0 mg/L, and pronounced increases in bulblet sucrose, total soluble sugar, and starch content were observed for higher HA concentrations (≥2.0 mg/L) within 45 d after transplanting (DAT). The activities of three major starch synthetic enzymes (including adenosine 5′-diphosphate glucose pyrophosphorylase, granule-bound starch synthase, and soluble starch synthase) were enhanced dramatically after HA application especially low concentration HA (LHA), indicating a quick response of starch metabolism. However, higher doses of HA also caused excessive aboveground biomass accumulation and inhibited root growth. Accordingly, an earlier carbon starvation emerged by observing evident starch degradation. Relative bulblet weight gradually decreased with increased HA doses and thereby broke the balance between the source and sink. A low HA concentration at 0.2 mg/L performed best in both root and bulblet growth. The number of roots and root length peaked at 14.5 and 5.75 cm, respectively. The fresh bulblet weight and diameter reached 468 mg (2.9 times that under the control treatment) and 11.68 mm, respectively. Further, sucrose/starch utilization and conversion were accelerated and carbon famine was delayed as a result with an average relative bulblet weight of 80.09%. To our knowledge, this is the first HA application and mechanism research into starch metabolism in both in vitro and in vivo condition in bulbous crops. 相似文献
10.
戴必胜 《黄冈师范学院学报》2006,26(6):63-68
用三唑酮(6.25%) 乙蒜素(93.75%)混合配制成160 m g/L至1 600 m g/L不同浓度的药剂(10种),对九重葛插穗浸泡处理3 h后扦插。实验结果,各种处理中最佳的插穗生根数、根长、根径的平均值分别为23.2根、20.5 mm、1.1 mm,最高成活率达到86.7%,所测生长指标与对照组的差异极显著(P<0.01)。在160 m g/L至400 m g/L范围,药剂的处理浓度与插穗的生根数、根长、根径以及成活率的关系均符合二次曲线模型(R2>0.98),而与枝叶的生长呈负相关(R2>0.95),但与对照的差异不显著。统计分析结果,三唑酮.乙蒜素混剂对九重葛插穗的最佳处理剂量为266 m g/L。 相似文献
11.
Jia Y Tang SR Ju XH Shu LN Tu SX Feng RW Giusti L 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2011,12(4):313-325
This study was conducted to investigate the combined effects of elevated CO2 levels and cadmium (Cd) on the root morphological traits and Cd accumulation in Lolium multiflorum Lam. and Lolium perenne L. exposed to two CO2 levels (360 and 1 000 μl/L) and three Cd levels (0, 4, and 16 mg/L) under hydroponic conditions. The results show that elevated
levels of CO2 increased shoot biomass more, compared to root biomass, but decreased Cd concentrations in all plant tissues. Cd exposure
caused toxicity to both Lolium species, as shown by the restrictions of the root morphological parameters including root length, surface area, volume, and
tip numbers. These parameters were significantly higher under elevated levels of CO2 than under ambient CO2, especially for the number of fine roots. The increases in magnitudes of those parameters triggered by elevated levels of
CO2 under Cd stress were more than those under non-Cd stress, suggesting an ameliorated Cd stress under elevated levels of CO2. The total Cd uptake per pot, calculated on the basis of biomass, was significantly greater under elevated levels of CO2 than under ambient CO2. Ameliorated Cd toxicity, decreased Cd concentration, and altered root morphological traits in both Lolium species under elevated levels of CO2 may have implications in food safety and phytoremediation. 相似文献
12.
用不同浓度的NaCl溶液处理野大豆幼苗后,测定并比较根及地上部的Na 、Cl-、K 含量.地上部及根部的Na 、Cl-含量随盐度的增加而升高,且累积趋势相似.盐胁迫下根部的Na 、Cl-含量明显高于地上部,说明盐生野大豆在盐胁迫下以根部优先积累盐离子为其适应特征.地上部及根部的K 含量随盐度的增加而降低. 相似文献
13.
瀑布兰组织培养快速繁殖技术的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用植物组织培养技术,开展瀑布兰的诱导分化、芽苗增殖、壮苗培养、生根和移栽等系列研究．结果表明：瀑布兰适宜的诱导分化培养基为：MS＋BA2．0mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L,其分化率可达69．8％;增殖培养基为：MS＋BA3．0mg／L＋NAA0．2mg／L,培养60d的增殖系数达到4．9;壮苗培养基为：1／2MS＋NAA0．2mg／L＋BA0．5mg／L＋香蕉泥10％;生根培养基为：1／2MS＋NAA0．5ms／L;当幼苗长高至3-4cm,生根5-7条,根长至1-2cm时,移栽至水草中,成活率达75％以上． 相似文献
14.
Hydroponic experiments conducted to examine the chromiun uptake by C. communis in the presence of different Cr concentrations (Cr6+ 100 and 200 mg/L, respectively) and free histidine supplementation (0.5 and 1.0 mol/L) showed that shoot and root growth of C. communis decreased greatly with increasing Cr concentrations in the medium; and that the species was a typical excluder since it accumulated high concentrations of Cr in roots but comparatively low concentrations in shoots. Chromium in shoots and roots of Cr42?-supplied plants ranged from 329–1880 and 3788–4240 mg/kg DW, respectively, while those of Cr42?-histidine-supplied plants ranged from 478 to 629 mg/kg and 4157–4303 mg/kg DW, respectively. With Cr present in the hydroponic solution, C. communis accumulated more Cr in its tissues. Increasing histidine application to the solution significantly increased chromium accumulation in the plant tissues but could not alter the accumulation pattern of plants although it induced a higher concentration of Cr in its shoots and roots. These features suggested that C. communis may serve as an alternative species in a constructed wetland for phytoextraction treatment of Cr-containing wastewater and for phytostabilization of Cr mining spoils. 相似文献
15.
不同浓度6-BA对春兰×大花蕙兰种间杂种原球茎增殖与分化的影响 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
郑立明 《浙江教育学院学报》2008,(6):68-72
以春兰“宋梅”X大花蕙兰“粉姬”种间杂种的一个株系的原球茎为材料,研究6．BAlmg／L、2mg／L、4mg／L三个浓度组对原球茎增殖以及叶芽和根的分化与生长的影响．实验发现,三个浓度组对该株系原球茎的个数增殖及叶芽分化量的增加都有极显著的促进作用,2mg／L、4rag／L两个浓度组对该株系原球茎的鲜重增长有极显著的促进作用,三个浓度组对该株系原球茎叶芽的生长以及根的分化与生长都有抑制作用． 相似文献
16.
水稻幼苗在Yoshida,S.溶液及其缺钙溶液中培养的试验表明,Ca~(2 )促进水稻幼苗根的K~ 吸收和幼苗的生长速率。杂交水稻幼苗比对照受Ca~(2 )的影响大,缺Ca~(2 )营养液比含Ca~(2 )营养液的K~ 含量和酸化速率下降都慢,可见,水稻幼苗根的K~ 吸收与其根的H~ 分泌具有内在的相关性。 相似文献
17.
Different responses of two Mosla species to potassium limitation in relation to acid rain deposition
Meng WANG Bao-jing GU Ying GE Zhen LIU De-an JIANG Scott X. CHANG Jie CHANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2009,10(8)
The increasingly serious problem of acid rain is leading to increased potassium (K) loss from soils, and in our field investigation, we found that even congenerically relative Mosla species show different tolerance to K-deficiency. A hydroponic study was conducted on the growth of two Mosla species and their morphological, physiological and stoichiometric traits in response to limited (0.35 mmol K/L), normal (3.25 mmol K/L) and excessive (6.50 mmol K/L) K concentrations. Mosla hang-chowensis is an endangered plant, whereas Mosla dianthera a widespread weed. In the case of M. hangchowensis, in comparison with normal K concentration, K-limitation induced a significant reduction in net photosynthetic rate (Pn), soluble protein content, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity, but an increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) concentration. However, leaf mass ratio (LMR) and root mass ratio (RMR) were changed little by K-limitation. In contrast, for M. dianthera, K-limitation had little effect on Pn, soluble protein content, SOD activity, and MDA concentration, but increased LMR and RMR. Critical values of N (nitrogen):K and K:P (phosphorus) ratios in the shoots indicated that limitation in acquiring K occurred under K-limited conditions for M. hangchowensis but not for M. dianthera. We found that low K content in natural habitats was a restrictive factor in the growth and distribution of M. hangchowensis, and soil K-deficiency caused by acid rain worsened the situation of M. hangchowensis, while M. dianthera could well acclimate to the increasing K-deficiency. We suggest that controlling the acid rain and applying K fertilizers may be an effective way to rescue the endangered M. hangchowensis. 相似文献
18.
用 5 0mg/L水杨酸 (SA)浸种处理后 ,水稻根系生长受到明显促进。幼苗经 5 0mg/LSA诱导处理 2 4h后 ,体内的硝酸还原酶活性 (NRA)显著增强。与此相一致的是 ,5 0mg/LSA处理不仅能提高幼苗内源细胞分裂素和生长素的水平 ,还可以降低脱落酸的含量。提示SA对硝酸还原酶活性的诱导作用可能是通过调节内源激素的水平来实现的。 相似文献
19.
Xing CH Zhu MH Cai MZ Liu P Xu GD Wu SH 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2008,9(3):261-264
To investigate the Fe2 effects on root tips in rice plant, experiments were carded out using border cells in vitro. The border cells were pre-planted in aeroponic culture and detached from root tips. Most border cells have a long elliptical shape. The number and the viability of border cells in situ reached the maxima of 1600 and 97.5%, respectively, at 20～25 mm root length. This mortality was more pronounced at the first 1～12 h exposure to 250 mg/L Fe2 than at the last 12～36 h. After 36 h, the cell viability exposed to 250 mg/L Fe2 decreased to nought, whereas it was 46.5% at 0 mg/L Fe2 . Increased Fe2 dosage stimulated the death of detached border cells from rice cultivars. After 4 h Fe2 treatment, the cell viabilities were≥80% at 0 and 50 mg/L Fe2 treatment and were <62% at 150, 250 and 350 mg/L Fe2 treatment; The viability of border cells decreased by 10% when the Fe2 concentration increased by 100 mg/L. After 24 h Fe2 treatment, the viabilities of border cells at all the Fe2 levels were <65%; The viability of border cells decreased by 20% when the Fe2 concentration increased by 100 mg/L. The decreased viabilities of border cells indicated that Fe2 dosage and treatment time would cause deadly effect on the border cells. The increased cell death could protect the root tips from toxic harm. Therefore, it may protect root from the damage caused by harmful iron toxicity. 相似文献
20.
Anna Pick Kiong LING Kinn Poay TAN Sobri HUSSEIN 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(7):621-631
Objective: Labisia pumila var. alata, commonly known as ’Kacip Fatimah’ or ’Selusuh Fatimah’ in Southeast Asia, is traditionally used by members of the Malay community because of its post-partum medicinal properties. Its various pharmaceutical applications cause an excessive harvesting and lead to serious shortage in natural habitat. Thus, this in vitro propagation study investigated the effects of different plant growth regulators (PGRs) on in vitro leaf and stem explants of L. pumila. Methods: The capabilities of callus, shoot, and root formation were evaluated by culturing both explants on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with various PGRs at the concentrations of 0, 1, 3, 5, and 7 mg/L. Results: Medium supplemented with 3 mg/L indole-3-butyric acid (IBA) showed the optimal callogenesis from both leaf and stem explants with (72.34±19.55)% and (70.40±14.14)% efficacy, respectively. IBA was also found to be the most efficient PGR for root induction. A total of (50.00±7.07)% and (77.78±16.47)% of root formation were obtained from the in vitro stem and leaf explants after being cultured for (26.5±5.0) and (30.0±8.5) d in the medium supplemented with 1 and 3 mg/L of IBA, respectively. Shoot formation was only observed in stem explant, with the maximum percentage of formation ((100.00±0.00)%) that was obtained in 1 mg/L zeatin after (11.0±2.8) d of culture. Conclusions: Callus, roots, and shoots can be induced from in vitro leaf and stem explants of L. pumila through the manipulation of types and concentrations of PGRs. 相似文献