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《国际创新研究学报(英文)》2022,6(1):35-52
This paper aims to synthesize previous user innovation policy proposals into an adapted system of innovation framework, on which a future holistic user innovation policy for the household sector can be based. We do this in three steps. First, we introduce the systems of innovation framework as a comprehensive basis for a holistic approach to innovation policy. Second, we identify and review policy proposals made by user innovation researchers and categorize them according to ten key activities in the systems of innovation framework. Third, from a system of innovation perspective, we synthesize the policy proposals identified into an adapted framework, including determinants specific to user innovation in the household sector. The synthesized proposals are intended to strengthen the systemic and multi-causal effects of policy on household sector user innovation in a country, region, or sector. Future policies for user innovation may, on this basis, be instrumental in avoiding mono-causality, or the concentration on only a few policy instruments in a proposed policy. 相似文献
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In recent years, policy approaches that build upon the notion of innovation systems have enjoyed increasing attention in science, technology and innovation policy. But while the usefulness of systemic thinking in policy-making has been demonstrated in a large number of empirical settings, we still lack a detailed understanding of the dynamics at play when policy makers address systemic problems. In this paper, we show how complex interdependencies and the uncertain nature of technological change shape the process of targeted policy interventions in socio-technical systems. Toward this end we analyzed the evolution of the German feed-in tariff (FIT) system for solar photovoltaic power, a highly effective and widely copied policy instrument targeted at fostering the diffusion and development of renewable energy technologies. We find that the policy has been subject to a considerable amount of changes, many of which are the result of policy makers addressing specific system issues and bottlenecks. Interestingly, however, often these issues themselves were driven by unforeseen technological developments induced by previous policy interventions. We argue that the pattern of policy serving as both a solution to and a driver of technological bottlenecks shows strong similarities with what Rosenberg (1969) called ‘compulsive sequences’ in the development of technical systems. By shedding more light on how the characteristics of socio-technical systems affect policy interventions, our framework represents a first step toward more closely integrating the literature on innovation systems with the work on policy learning. 相似文献
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有效的区域创新政策问题评议,是制定出有效区域创新政策的逻辑前提。区域创新政策情势感知与分析,包括对创新政策情势的准确感知,创新政策问题搜寻的高效率和对创新政策情势的科学分析。区域创新政策问题认知与界定,应树立创新政策问题系统思维,对创新政策问题假设进行创造性综合,以及对创新政策问题本质的合理界定。区域创新政策问题阐述与精炼,强调创新政策利益诉求详述和对创新政策目标的权衡与取舍。区域创新政策问题分类与结构,包括区域创新政策重要问题,区域创新政策次要问题和区域创新政策低级问题。 相似文献
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Markus Grillitsch Teis Hansen Lars Coenen Johan Miörner Jerker Moodysson 《Research Policy》2019,48(4):1048-1061
The orientation towards grand societal challenges can be seen as a new wave or paradigm for innovation policy. Such policy aims at system-wide transformation and is often referred to as system innovation policy. While insights from transition studies have provided novel and useful rationales for innovation policy targeting system-wide transformation, it remains unclear how to design, implement and evaluate such policies. The contribution of this paper is to translate and concretize the challenges of system innovation policy towards scope for policy action and analysis. Building on insights from transition studies we group the challenges into four domains: directionality, experimentation, demand articulation, and policy coordination and learning. We relate challenges within the four domains to three generic features of innovation systems: interests and capabilities of actors, networks, and institutions. The derived framework is applied in a case study on the strategic innovation programmes, a recent policy initiative by Vinnova, Sweden’s Innovation Agency, targeting system innovation. 相似文献
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The recent policy debates about orientating research, technology and innovation policy towards societal challenges, rather than economic growth objectives only, call for new lines of argumentation to systematically legitimize policy interventions. While the multi-level perspective on long-term transitions has attracted quite some interest over the past years as a framework for dealing with long-term processes of transformative change, but the innovation systems approach is still the dominant perspective for devising innovation policy. Innovation systems approaches stress the importance of improving innovation capabilities of firms and the institutional settings to support them, but they are less suited for dealing with the strategic challenges of transforming systems of innovation, production and consumption, and thus with long-term challenges such as climate change or resource depletion. It is therefore suggested to consider insights from transition studies more prominently in a policy framework that is based on the innovation systems approach and the associated notion of ‘failures’. We propose a comprehensive framework that allows legitimizing and devising policies for transformative change that draws on a combination of market failures, structural system failures and transformational system failures. 相似文献
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针对创新政策研究中存在的问题，提出了创新政策研究支持系统的概念，并构建了其框架结构。它是为创新政策研究人员的学习、研究提供支持的资源共享互动平台，包括创新政策理论、创新政策工具、创新政策研究基础数据库、创新政策研究、技术支撑平台等主要模块：对系统的主要模块进行了详细设计，并指出了系统的特点和功能。 相似文献
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Analyzing the functional dynamics of technological innovation systems: A scheme of analysis 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
Various researchers and policy analysts have made empirical studies of innovation systems in order to understand their current structure and trace their dynamics. However, policy makers often experience difficulties in extracting practical guidelines from studies of this kind. In this paper, we operationalize our previous work on a functional approach to analyzing innovation system dynamics into a practical scheme of analysis for policy makers. The scheme is based on previous literature and our own experience in developing and applying functional thinking. It can be used by policy makers not only to identify the key policy issues but also to set policy goals. 相似文献
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Challenging the “deficit model” of innovation: Framing policy issues under the innovation imperative
As innovation is increasingly becoming an imperative for policymakers around the globe, there is a growing tendency to frame policy problems as problems of innovation. This logic suggests that we are unable to address grand societal challenges and ensure economic competitiveness because our societies, institutions, scientific activities or individual predispositions are not sufficiently geared towards innovation. In this paper, we analyze this “deficit model” of innovation in which a lack of innovation is routinely invoked as the main obstacle to social progress. Drawing parallels to research on the deficit model of public understanding of science (PUS), we develop a theoretical framework that captures the dynamics and normative implications of deficit construction, highlighting five salient dimensions: problem diagnoses, proposed remedies, the role of expertise, implied social orders, and measures of success. We apply this framework to three empirical case studies of recent innovation strategies in Luxembourg, Singapore, and Denmark. Attention to this deficit framing around innovation is important, we argue, because it is an essential part of how innovation transforms societies in the 21st century: not only through new technological possibilities or economic growth, but also by shaping public discourse, narrowing policy options, and legitimizing major institutional interventions. The implied pro-innovation bias tends to marginalize other rationales, values, and social functions that do not explicitly support innovation. It further delegates decisions about sweeping social reconfigurations to innovation experts, which raises questions of accountability and democratic governance. Experiences from the history of PUS suggest that, without a dedicated effort to transform innovation policy into a more democratic, inclusive, and explicitly political field, the present deficit logic and its technocratic overtones risks significant social and political conflict. 相似文献
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Many years after the introduction of the innovation system concept in innovation policy design, it is still not clear whether innovation policy evaluation practices follow a system approach. Building on evaluation and innovation studies, this article develops the concept ‘system oriented innovation policy evaluation’ based on four attributes (coverage, perspective, temporality and expertise). The attributes are used as analytical devices for gathering extensive empirical evidence on the actual practices of EU28 member states. The findings show that few countries have developed a type of innovation policy evaluation that is system oriented. The advent of a system approach to innovation policy evaluation offers the opportunity of comprehensive, contextualized and evidence-based innovation policy-making. However, there are still serious obstacles as such an approach requires important knowledge and organisational capacities. Overcoming these obstacles would need more decided evaluation capacity-building at the national level. 相似文献
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The purpose of this article and the special issue is to improve our understanding of the theoretical, managerial, and policy implications of entrepreneurial innovation. We accomplish this objective by examining the role of context in stimulating such activity, as well as its impact on the outcomes of entrepreneurial innovation. Our analysis begins by outlining an overarching framework for entrepreneurial innovation and context. With reference to this framework we then compare the attributes of national innovation systems, entrepreneurship and entrepreneurial innovation, and categorize contextual influences on entrepreneurial innovation. We then situate the papers presented in this special issue within this framework. We conclude by outlining an agenda for additional research on this topic, focusing on the relationships between contexts and entrepreneurial innovation and then discuss policy implications, focusing on how public and private actors can meet these challenges. 相似文献
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区域创新人才政策的合理制定和有效实施对于当地人才发展和创新水平提升具有积极的推动作用。为分析我国区域创新人才政策的现状和存在问题,探究人才政策对区域创新的作用规律,本文选取深圳市、苏州市和沈阳市的创新人才政策文本,基于基本政策工具和“系统失灵”两个视角,通过系统化的内容分析和统计,获取“一手”的量化数据,并与三个城市的人才发展与区域创新现状进行对照分析,探索区域创新人才政策与人才发展、区域创新之间的关联。研究发现创新人才政策的总量、政策工具的类别与组合、人才多样性、机构多样性以及系统互动度等指标与区域人才发展、区域创新绩效密切相关。本文为后续相关政策的完善与优化提供了理论支持与政策建议。#$NL关键词：创新政策;人才政策;创新人才政策;政策工具;区域创新系统 相似文献
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任务导向型创新政策:框架理论与实践 《科学学研究》2023,41(1):30-37
任务导向型创新政策是为应对重大社会挑战而兴起的新政策范式，已成为许多国家解决“急、难、险、重”等科学问题的系统性政策干预方案。文章围绕任务导向型创新政策的概念内涵、要素构成、主要特征、理论解释与政策实践等不同维度展开全面分析。研究表明，任务导向型创新政策主要由政策目标、政策主体、政策工具和政策过程等要素构成，并具有方向引导、市场创建、协同参与和动态评估等特征。转型失灵理论为任务导向型创新政策干预创新活动的合法性提供了理论解释。现有任务导向型创新政策实践主要聚焦于保障国防安全、实现产业追赶和应对重大社会挑战三个方面。研究可为中国制定和实施任务导向型创新政策提供理论支撑和经验借鉴。 相似文献
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基于社会结构矩阵研究框架,设定了影响区域科技创新政策的四项一级指标和十七项二级指标。运用熵权法进行权重确定。以北京市区域科技创新政策为例,对北京市2007年至2016年间的区域科技创新政策绩效进行计算并分析,本文认为,北京市区域科技创新政策绩效一直处于增长状态,且较小的科技投入能带来较高科技产出。但区域科技创新政策对环境的作用还比较单一,科技成果的实际转化还是亟待解决的一大问题。 相似文献
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Jeremy Howells 《Research Policy》2005,34(8):1220-1234
This paper investigates the issue of innovation policy within a regional context. It is presented that the perspective one takes is important both in how one interprets the processes and relationships involved, but also in the way one identifies barriers and problems in policy formation and how one resolves them. The paper explores a number of contrasting perspectives in relation to innovation policy and the regions and seeks to highlight the implications of this both for policy, but also in the development of our conceptual understanding about innovation and geography. 相似文献
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Fred Gault 《Research Policy》2018,47(3):617-622
This paper combines general definitions of innovation applicable in all economic sectors with a systems approach, to develop a conceptual framework for the statistical measurement of innovation. The resulting indicators can be used for monitoring and evaluation of innovation policies that have been implemented, as well as for international comparisons. The extension of harmonised innovation measurement to all economic sectors has implications for innovation research and for policy learning. 相似文献
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基于国家创新体系下的创新政策框架,对1997—2008年中国中小企业创新政策的研究表明:中国国家创新体系中并没有给予中小企业创新活动合适的位置,这在组织结构、立法、金融资源、商业创新支持体系和人力资源政策方面都有所体现。中国创新政策的研究和制定更受到注重创新和知识创造的国家创新体系狭义概念的影响,以及中国"追赶使命导向"的技术政策目标导向,共同解释了国家的创新政策供给更偏向支持大型企业,倾向让中小企业面对市场规则,即中小企业创新活动游离在国家创新体系之外的这种局面。国家创新体系本身概念的发展和中国技术政策目标的不断调整将使这种局面得以改善。 相似文献
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