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1.
会话中性别的语言差异主要包括两性语言形式上的差异及会话风格和策略方面的差异,这些差异必然造成跨性别文化交际的障碍。性别语言差异有其深刻的社会历史原因,为避免交际误解,预防语用迁移的发生,应培养跨性别文化交际的敏感性。 相似文献
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本文探讨了性别语言差异的特征、产生原因,及其在跨性别交际中形成的话语权势,从而使两性能正确认识性别语言差异,改善两性话语权势现象,推动跨性别交际的和谐发展. 相似文献
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性别差异是语言学的一个基本特征。会话中性别的语言差异主要包括两性词汇、句法、会话风格和策略方面的差异,这些差异必然造成跨性别文化交际的障碍。为避免交际误解,我们应该注意这些不同并促使男性和女性的交际能顺利进行下去。 相似文献
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男性和女性在跨性别交际中常常会出现交际失误。性别语言差异往往是引起这些交际失误的原因。因为不同性别的交际者在用词、会话风格和会话策略方面存在着差异。只有认识到性别语言差异客观存在的事实,尊重其各自的规律和会话风格,培养跨性别交际的意识,才能克服性别语言差异所导致的交际失误,达到有效交际的目的。 相似文献
5.
王莉 《湖南科技学院学报》2012,(11):37-39
两性在交流中表现出不同的言语特点,在跨性别交际中应引起广泛而深入的重视。论文探讨分析了由于两性生理差异,社会化过程和性别文化模式的不同,两性言语差异从孩童阶段到成人阶段就表现出性别文化差异的延续性,所以在跨性别交际中按照规约的同性别交际期望模式进行话语交际,有时会引起跨性别交际误解。最后提出避免减少跨性别交际误解的建议是两性在社会工作生活与家庭生活中需要重视性别言语文化差异,加强两性的了解与沟通,并且运用跨性别交际技巧和策略以化解跨性别交际误解。 相似文献
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杨璐 《湖南科技学院学报》2012,33(4):167-169
本文从语用学角度出发,运用Grice的合作原则和Leech的礼貌原则来分析言语交际中的性别语言差异,对言语交际中男女两性遵守和违反合作原则和礼貌原则的情况进行分析,旨在提高人们对性别语言差异的认识,使两性能得体地进行交际。 相似文献
7.
孙雪波 《宁波教育学院学报》2004,6(4):54-57
男性和女性属于不同的语篇系统,因此,在跨性别交际中男女之间常出现交际失误。两性语篇的差异表现在交际风格、意义的解释框架等方面。明了这些差异及其原因有助于跨性别交际的顺利进行。 相似文献
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薛玉萍 《喀什师范学院学报》2011,32(2):47-50
语言是人类创造和使用的交际工具,充分体现着人的主体意识。语言中所蕴藏的两性意识,不仅是男女两性对社会、文化、历史等方面的认识在语言中的反映,更是社会、文化、历史对男女两性在语言上的规范与限制。我们运用社会语言学成果,以维吾尔语为考查对象,探索性勾划了维吾尔语性别语言模式,并分析了其形成因由。 相似文献
11.
Amanda J. Holmstrom 《Communication quarterly》2013,61(2):224-238
This study extends research on sex differences and similarities in communication values by examining (a) the influence of sex of friend on ratings of functional communication skills in same-sex and cross-sex friendships, (b) the moderating role of friend's sex in sex differences in evaluations, and (c) the mediating role of psychological gender in sex differences in communication values. Participants (144 men and 148 women) rated the importance of communication skills for either same-sex or cross-sex friends. Results indicate that, although men's and women's ratings of communication skills are similar, participant sex, gender, and sex of friend do exert some influence. 相似文献
12.
李彬彬 《雁北师范学院学报》2002,18(6):56-59
本文重点讨论性别差异在语言中的表现,性别差异在言语交际风格上的反映.最后提出,随着社会的发展,性别原形的概念也在不断变化,这在两性言语交际中有所反映,同时指出这一研究在人际交往及语言教学中的重要性. 相似文献
13.
Behavioral, Affective, and Social Correlates of Involvement in Cross-Sex Friendship in Elementary School 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
The purpose of this study was to compare children with and without cross-sex friends on measures of social and cognitive competence, endorsement of sex-role stereotypes, and family composition. Subjects were 723 third and fourth graders (377 girls, 346 boys) from diverse socioeconomic backgrounds; 35% were African American. Measures included sociometric assessments of peer acceptance, friendship, and behavioral reputation, as well as self-reports of perceived self-competence and endorsement of sex-role stereotypes. In addition, teachers completed ratings of children's social and cognitive competence. In all, 92 children, about 14% of the sample, had one or more reciprocal opposite-sex friends; for 21 of these children, their cross-sex friendships were their primary or only friendships. African American children were more likely than European American children to have opposite-sex friends. Involvement in cross-sex friendships was unrelated to the gender make-up of the classroom, but was related to family structure. Comparisons of the children who had primarily or only cross-sex friends to matched groups of children who had only same-sex friends and to children who had cross-sex friends secondarily to same-sex ones revealed a number of differences between the groups in social competence and relationships with peers. Overall, children with primarily opposite-sex friends had poorer social skills than other children with friends, although they were less stereotyped about sex roles than other children, and were better adjusted than children with no friends on most measures. In contrast, children involved in opposite-sex friendship secondarily to same-sex friendship were as well adjusted socially as children with only same-sex friendships. These results suggest that children with cross-sex friends differ among themselves, depending on the primacy of the cross-sex relationship. 相似文献
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《Early childhood research quarterly》1988,3(1):21-37
Sex cleavages in toddler peer groups were investigated in two studies. In the first study, playmate preferences and initiations and responses to friends were examined. Three types of initiations and their responses were examined during the free play of 46 toddlers in day care centers. A preference for same-sex playmates was strongest in the oldest girls. Boys tended to ignore or refuse girls' initiations when the initiations took the form of specific requests to play a game compared with a more general approach. Friendships tended to be made with members of the same sex. However, children having same- and opposite-sex friends were less likely to initiate and respond to friends on the basis of sex. Children with fewer same-sex preferences initiated more games.In the second study, cross-sex friendships in 329 early toddlers, late toddlers, and preschool children were examined. Some children in all age groups had cross-sex friends, but the number decreased with age. Children with cross-sex friends appeared more socially skilled than children without cross-sex friends. 相似文献
15.
Jeffrey J. Cohen Adma D'Heurle Viveca Widmark-Petersson 《Psychology in the schools》1980,17(4):523-529
An understanding of cross-sex friendship patterns can highlight male-female interactions in ways not revealed through investigations of same-sex friendships. Therefore, children's cross-sex friendship choices in two cultures were studied to explore culture- and gender-related biases in the socialization of sex roles. Fifth graders in America and Sweden responded to two sociometric questions about help with schoolwork and secret-sharing. Differences across gender and culture lines provided support for the existence of biases in gender-role training that may differ among cultures. Questions were raised regarding the role of social agents in the development of social cognitions, the amenability to change of traditional sex-typed behaviors, and the differences among cultures that might influence social-cognitive development. The fact that some children make cross-sex choices suggests that socialization practices do not influence all children uniformly. These differences bear further study. 相似文献
16.
The rates at which men and women published during and after PhD training in psychology were compared for samples experiencing same-sex and cross-sex supervision. When allowance was made for the research productivity and impact of the supervisor, women supervised by women published at similar rates to women supervised by men. Similarly, men supervised by men did not publish on average more often than men supervised by women. Further, there was no difference in mean publication rate between men and women who had completed their PhD degrees in the same university under supervision of the same advisor. Although the analyses provides no evidence that publication is more frequent following same-sex than cross-sex supervision, the possibility that supervision by an advisor of the same sex advantages graduates in other ways needs to be assessed. 相似文献
17.
Self-Regulatory Mechanisms Governing Gender Development 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
This study tested predictions about development of gender-related thought and action from social cognitive theory. Children at 4 levels of gender constancy were assessed for their gender knowledge, personal gender standards, and gender-linked behavior under different situational conditions. Irrespective of gender constancy level, all children engaged in more same-sex than cross-sex typed behavior. Younger children reacted in a gender stereotypic manner to peers' gender-linked behavior but did not regulate their own behavior on the basis of personal gender standards. Older children exhibited substantial self-regulatory guidance based on personal standards. They expressed anticipatory self-approval for same-sex typed behavior and self-criticism for cross-sex typed behavior. Their anticipatory self-sanctions, in turn, predicted their actual gender-linked behavior. Neither gender knowledge nor gender constancy predicted gender-linked behavior. These results lend support to social cognitive theory that evaluation and regulation of gender-linked conduct shifts developmentally from anticipatory social sanctions to anticipatory self-sanctions rooted in personal standards. 相似文献
18.
Patricia G. Ramsey 《Child development》1995,66(3):764-773
The purpose of this study was to analyze how social dynamics in early childhood classrooms change from fall to spring and from early to late preschool. The subjects were 92 preschoolers in age-stratified (3-year-old, 4-year-old, and 5-year-old) classrooms. Their sociometric ratings and peer contact patterns were recorded during the fall and spring. From early to late preschool, children's sociometric ratings became increasingly negative, especially toward cross-sex peers. Their contact patterns showed an analogous decrease in cross-sex contacts, although the changes were not as linear as those in the sociometric ratings. The analysis of group sizes showed that the 4-year-olds spent more time in larger groups than both their younger and older peers did. Group sociometric ratings and contact patterns changed from fall to spring, but individual children showed considerable stability in the sociometric ratings that they gave their peers and in the size and gender composition of their play groups. 相似文献
19.
男女性别差异是人类社会的基本差异,所以语言也不可避免的存在着性别差异。本文以语用学理论中的合作原则为分析框架,对会话中的性别差异进行讨论,旨在探讨性别差异在合作原则中的呈现,以及合作原则和其准则是如何在跨性别对话中被遵守和违背的,从而全面了解语言使用和性别差异的关系。 相似文献
20.
从女性翻译理论看女性自我意识的觉醒 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
女性文学翻译以女权主义运动为背景。它的出现和繁荣是对父权文化的挑战 ,同时也是对父权文化的扰乱和瓦解 ,表达了女性要求政治独立、性别独立及文化独立的愿望 ,实现了女性生存的社会价值。女性翻译理论的建立使女性翻译走向理论化 ,正规化 ,有序化。女权运动的文化性质决定了女性翻译理论的研究是跨性别、跨学科的综合研究 相似文献