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1.
Carolyn A. Lin Ph.D. 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(2):271-272
An exploratory content analysis examined 62 World Wide Web sites sponsored by English‐language commercial television stations in the United States. There was no relationship between the characteristics of station sites and either the degree of broadcast competition faced by the station or the extent of web sites operated by competing stations. 相似文献
2.
俄罗斯电视结构的主要特征 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
与苏联时期相比 ,俄罗斯电视结构发生了很大变化 ,其中政治因素与经济因素的影响共同存在。并且 ,就俄罗斯电视业的进一步发展而言 ,经济因素所起的作用更为重要。目前 ,在俄罗斯的电视结构中 ,无线电视占据主导地位 ,有线电视与卫星电视发展缓慢 ;电视网参与全国电视市场的竞争 ;国家电视台与商业电视台并存成为俄罗斯电视结构中一个引人注目的现象 ;公共电视台的建立正在酝酿中。 相似文献
3.
针对传播技术的进步、广播电视业经营与市场的变化 ,欧洲理事会与欧盟为规范欧洲范围内的广播电视 ,制定了一系列指导性法规文件 ,力图构建全欧统一的信息与思想交流平台、统一的广播电视业市场 ,推广“欧洲意识” ,抵制美国影视业的“入侵”。这种全方位的法规管理框架对欧洲广播电视业的发展起着越来越重要的作用 相似文献
4.
Deborah Chambers 《Media History》2013,19(4):359-375
This article offers a unique study of the material form of the television receiver between the 1930s and 1960s. Very little has been written to date on the history of the television set as an artefact. Yet its design and appearance played a major role in the acceptance of television in the home. The meanings of television sets are explored, from the design of wooden cabinets as family furniture to the shaping of portable sets as symbols of progress. A case study of British events is conducted, with reference made to American and other nations’ developments in so far as they relate to Britain's television receiver history. The article confirms that the material form of the television receiver contributed to a narrative of domesticity and progress by reconfiguring the relationship between home and communication technology. The fusion of craft and futurist ideas in design reflected tensions about the receiver as an expression of traditional domestic values, of progress and modernity, and as an icon. 相似文献
5.
Mari Pajala 《Media History》2013,19(4):405-418
This article considers the role of cultural memory in the interpretation of a long-standing television programme by analysing the development of cultural memory on the Eurovision Song Contest (ESC) on Finnish television and print media from 1961 to 2005. Following a cultural historical approach to television history, the article identifies four memory discourses on the ESC: Eurovision history as a national narrative of disappointment (from the 1960s onwards); histories of decline (from the 1970s onwards); the ESC as part of a national heritage of popular culture (from the 1980s onwards); and camp readings of Eurovision history (increasingly in the 2000s). The case study illustrates how even a live television event like the ESC, although not explicitly concerned with history, produces a wealth of memory discourses. The article also shows how the ESC has been commemorated increasingly since the 1980s, anticipating the current memory boom in television culture. 相似文献
6.
《Mass Communication and Society》2013,16(2-3):185-205
In this study, I replicate recent research conducted in Germany (Peiser, 1996) on differential effects of television on birth cohorts' media use in the first 2 decades after the diffusion of television. Cohort analyses of television viewing, attitude toward television, and newspaper reading were conducted using secondary data from the corresponding decades in the United States. Unlike in Germany, the American television generation apparently developed a closer relation with television than the preceding cohorts. As in Germany, newspaper reading was lower among the younger cohorts. The study's results point to a displacement process in the United States, and they suggest that the effects of growing up with television may depend on a country's television system. 相似文献
7.
Frances Bonner 《Media History》2013,19(3):345-358
Early examples of the re-purposing of material from one medium to one or several others are examined through various cases of television cooking programmes and associated print materials. The presenter was the key property uniting the materials and the first television cook to be examined here is Philip Harben, who started on the BBC in 1946 and whose first spin-off book appeared in 1951. A small discussion of Julia Child's American work precedes the main focus, which is on the British-born Graham Kerr, from his first television work in New Zealand in 1961, through his period in Australia from 1965, to his move to Canada in 1969. During this period the serious hardcover publications were not directly associated with television, while those which stressed the televisual relationship had lower production values and needed to justify their existence with explicit commentary on the service they were providing to viewers. It is these latter however which provide valuable information about the early everyday experiences of watching television. 相似文献
8.
Just a few years after local TV stations transitioned from analog to digital transmissions, dozens of stations across the United States have begun to provide live programming via mobile digital television (DTV). An exploratory study of television station managers (adopters and non-adopters of mobile DTV) focused on various perspectives of the technology, adoption motivations, and audience factors. Findings revealed that station owners and management were the ones who primarily determined whether to adopt mobile DTV. In addition, stations that had adopted the technology were more likely than non-adopters to be motivated by a desire to be the first to use mobile DTV. 相似文献
9.
American television programs have been criticized for being filled with images endorsing capitalist consumerism and for being weighted toward the upper middle classes. This study proposed that heavy viewing of these distorted representations may culminate in decreases in viewers' life satisfaction. A path model investigated this supposition, based on material value and social comparison perspectives. Surveys were administered to 225 adults in a northeastern town in the United States, and the data were subjected to path analysis. The findings of this study suggest that heavy television viewing may be associated with material value, estimates of other people's affluence, and perceived gaps between the self and others in material affluence. Of importance, the findings also suggest that the perceived gaps between the self and others may be associated both with dissatisfaction with personal life and dissatisfaction with current social equality, whereas material value may be associated only with dissatisfaction with personal life. 相似文献
10.
Joseph L. Brechner 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(2):103-112
Although it is only a dozen years old, Britain's commercial television service is a powerful example of the way in which a system, different from that familiar to broadcasters in the United States, can evolve. Actually, the IT A was designed to avoid the very difficulties that the U.S. system acquired through 40 years of trial‐and‐error. Some of the research for this comparative study of two different kinds of commercial television broadcasting was conducted while the author was studying in Great Britain on a research grant. Robert P. Crawford received his Ph.D. from the University of Utah, and is Director of the College Center for Radio‐Television at Queens College, New York. 相似文献
11.
José Ricardo P. Carvalheiro 《Media History》2013,19(2):150-161
As in other southern European countries, television was introduced in Portugal in the second half of the 1950s through the founding of a public broadcasting station. Reception was implemented very gradually over the 1960s, by conspicuously developing collective ways of viewing. In this text, we draw on oral history in order to retrace relevant habits, events and content especially for women, a particular type of audience in the markedly patriarchal context of the Estado Novo dictatorship. Within the context of collective reception of early television in Portugal, we highlight a type of experience that was particularly significant for some female audiences: the reception of Catholic transmissions. The concepts of hegemony, ritual and everyday practices assist in the analysis of such memories. These conspicuous television rituals seemed to regulate female practices, but they could also offer women some opportunities for new experiences. 相似文献
12.
New media technologies are often met with political and public ambivalence, as they are perceived to threaten established activities, values and institutions, as well as bring progress and improve political, cultural and social life. Taking the Norwegian history of television as an empirical case study, this article relates to an international research agenda focusing on the cultural political debates in the early phases of broadcast media. The article is structured according to five key conjunctures where significant new media and technologies were introduced with corresponding political debates: the introduction of television (1940s–1950s), of colour television (1960s–1970s), of satellite, cable and commercial television (1980s), of digital distribution (1990s–2000s) and the expansion of television to new platforms (2000s). The article addresses the key arguments and dividing lines in these political debates, as well as the change in the perception of television when the medium is no longer new, but has become an integrated part of people's everyday life. 相似文献
13.
Stephen M. Croucher Flora Galy-Badenas Piia Jäntti Emily Carlson Ziying Cheng 《Communication Research Reports》2016,33(2):128-136
This study explored relationships between argumentativeness and collectivism/individualism in Finland and the United States. Data were gathered in the United States (n = 412) and Finland (n = 261). The analysis suggested: (a) collectivism was negatively correlated with argumentativeness, (b) individualism was positively correlated with argumentativeness, and (c) Finnish participants reported lower levels of argumentativeness than Americans. Cultural differences between the United States and Finland are discussed as reasons for the differences between the nations on argumentativeness. 相似文献
14.
15.
Aino Sallinen‐Kuparinen James C. McCroskey Virginia P. Richmond 《Communication Research Reports》2013,30(1):55-64
The purpose of this research was to make comparisons between Finnish persons and persons from other populations, particularly those from the United States, on a variety of common measures of communication orientations. The results of the study indicated that differences between Finnish and United States samples do exist, but the differences are primarily restricted to willingness to communicate and introversion. Data relating to communication apprehension and self‐perceived communication competence for the two cultures are remarkably similar. However, these two variables appear to be much less predictive of willingness to communicate for Finns than they are for Americans. 相似文献
16.
Rashad Mammadov 《Visual Communication Quarterly》2016,23(1):39-52
The relationship between the Soviet Union and United States during the early Cold War has been analyzed from many different angles, but the research's primary focus has been on the political events that occurred and the statements made by political figures. Many scholars have looked at the Khrushchev period of Soviet history; however, a lack of attention has been paid to the role of the media as a mirror of political processes. Even fewer studies compare media realities across the Stalin and Khrushchev periods. Although a strongly declared attempt to cooperate with the Western world was the key characteristic of Khrushchev's Thaw, this study assumes that the true approach of the Soviet political establishment toward the United States was even more radical than Stalin's approach. A semiotic textual analysis of the cartoons of the Krokodil illustrated satirical magazine has found a trend of negative visual portrayals of the United States as the primary enemy of the citizens of the Soviet Union.
This article alludes to dozens of cartoon images. Figures labelled with an ‘o’ are available for reference on vcquarterly.org. 相似文献
17.
This article looks at the television landscape in Indonesia that has undergone a major transformation in recent decades. As one of the ‘Asian Tigers,’ Indonesia introduced commercial television in two waves between 1989 and 2002 as a complement to the traditional state broadcaster, TVRI. During the Reformasi movement, commercial TV stations contributed to the emerging civil society in the period 1998–2000 by supporting the movement for democratic reform that led to the resignation of President Suharto. An assessment of the current Indonesian television scene shows that most commercial TV stations, after a short coalition with civil society, went ‘back to business’ again in the context of a relatively young but highly competitive Indonesian market. 相似文献
18.
《媒体管理杂志》2013,15(3):146-153
This study compared the characteristic of strategic planning as used in the corporate world with the planning process used in a sample of television news departments in local television stations in the United States. The purpose was to determine if commonalities exist, in what circumstances, and whether techniques and approaches used for many years by businesses could advance the process of planning in the fast-paced environment of local television news. In-depth interviews were conducted with a sample of highly experienced local news managers. The results indicated some similarities in planning approaches, but suggested significant differences in how the two industries approach key elements of traditional strategic planning. The primary conclusion drawn from the research suggests the local television news industry in the United States has informally adapted strategic planning processes to their needs with heavy emphasis on tactical execution. 相似文献
19.
William Hawes 《广播与电子媒介杂志》2013,57(2):127-132
Although his works were almost ignored for many years, on William Shakespeare's 400th birthday he is considered to have been the greatest wordsmith using the English language. Although Shakespeare's plays are fun, and are eagerly attended by the general population when presented as “entertainment” and not as “culture,” television, if the frequency of presentation is any guide, has not considered them in the mainstream of popular entertainment. This is a mistake, as the ratings and the popular accpetance of such romps as the 1956 production of “Taming of the Shrew” should prove. The following article reviews some of the major productions of Shakespearean plays over American television. This list includes most of the network presentations although many more productions have been aired over local stations. In addition, many people may have had their interest in Shakespeare aroused by other programs (such as Dr. Frank Baxter's “Shakespeare on TV”) that discussed these works, or by filmic presentations seen on the “Late Show” or its equivalent. One particularly interesting non‐network series was the BBC presentation of “An Age of Kings,” a weaving into chronological order of Shakespearean historical plays that dealt with the story of the English throne during the 14th and 15th centuries. This series of 15 television programs was seen on a number of educational and commercial television stations in the United States, and afforded the extensive audience an opportunity to witness and appreciate both the history of England and the genius of its most famous author. 相似文献
20.
Mary Douglas Vavrus 《Critical Studies in Media Communication》2013,30(3):352-375
This essay examines television news treatments of stay-at-home dads (Mr. Moms)during the late 1990s and argues that these news accounts represent a challenge to more traditional masculine identities depicted in media. While offering a nominal challenge, however, these representations reinscribe significant aspects of patriarchal privilege within domestic space. Through a combination of discursive strategies compatible with the commercial needs of contemporary media organizations, television news programs' Mr. Moms operate ideologically to legitimate domesticity and nurturance as appropriately masculine. In so doing, they challenge some traditional notions about men while further solidifying a connection between these men and heterosexuality in the context of mainstream television news representations of middle-class family life in the contemporary United States. This process of legitimating nurturance and domesticity also and concurrently reverses the genders long articulated to particular advertising target segments within the commodity broadcast audience. This representational process reifies and naturalizes the class specificity of these Mr. Moms while it fuels television's continual need to produce and satisfy new audience niches in order to survive and compete in the media environment of today. 相似文献