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1.
1 Introduction a Water eutrophication becomes increasingly serious owing to untreated or illegally discharged domestic as well as industrial wastewater. Hopefully, more strict requirements for nitrogen and phosphorus removal have been set in new wastewate…  相似文献   

2.
采用三级隔离曝气生物滤池对炼油废水进行了生物氧化预处理。研究了水力停留时间、气水比对污染物去除效果的影响,同时分析了各级生物滤池的处理效果。当水力停留时间为7.95 h,气水比为8时,CODCr的平均去除率为90.3%,硫化物的平均去除率为99.3%。装置具有良好的抗冲击性能,当水力停留时间和进水中污染物浓度发生大幅变化时,仍能稳定运行且处理效果良好。  相似文献   

3.
In this paper, the characteristics of integrated biological aerated filter （IBAF） applied to municipal wastewater treatment were studied in a pilot scale experiment. The experimental results showed that IBAF has high efficiencies in removing organic pollutants, such as CODCr and SS, in municipal wastewater. The removal rates of CODCr and SS can reach over 90% and 80%, respectively, when COD and SS in the influent are 234 mg L^-1 and 112 mg L^-1, hydraulic retention time （HRT） is 8 h, and the aerated intensity is in the range of （0.5 to 0.6） L m^-2 s^-1.  相似文献   

4.
目的研究双级上流式曝气生物滤池（BAF）工艺脱碳硝化原理,确定该工艺运行参数．方法通过实验对比气水比、水力负荷、容积负荷等参数的变化对处理效果的影响．结果接种挂膜需要12—19d,常速启动、加载启动均需1-2d．过滤周期由水力负荷2．6m3／（m3·h）时的65h缩短到水力负荷5．2m3／（m2·h）时的46h;当水力负荷进一步提高到7．8m3／（m3·h）时,出水明显恶化．结论气水比过小,溶解氧不足将抑制好氧微生物活性,影响污染物的氧化分解;气水比过大,富余气泡将减少过水断面面积,缩短水力停留时间,影响处理效果．一级滤池、二级滤池气水比宜分别采用2：1和1．3：1,当水力负荷〈5．2m3／（m2·h）,出水水质满足杂用水需要．出水底物质量浓度随容积负荷的升高而上升,受水力负荷的影响较小COD容积负荷〈2．0kg／（m3·d）和NH3-N容积负荷〈0．6kg／（m3·d）时,经两级BAF处理出水在运行周期内能满足排放标准。  相似文献   

5.
利用两种生物膜技术处理高校生活污水进行了试验研究,结果表明,接触氧化法优于生物转盘法;在停留时间为4h,接触氧化法对CODCr和NH3-N的去除率分别为78.5%和75.6%,出水能达到《城市污水再生利用城市杂用水水质(》GB/T18920-2002)标准;随着气水比的增大,CODCr、NH3-N的去除率先增大后减小,其适宜的气水比为15∶1;出水CODCr浓度随CODCr容积负荷的增大而升高,合理的CODCr容积负荷为6～8kgCODCr/(m3.d).  相似文献   

6.
Biological aerated filters have many advantages such as small volume and high treatment efficiency. This research focused on sewage treatment performance of integrated biological aerated filter (IBAF) under different conditions such as aeration, hydraulic retention time and the height of fillers layer, to identify the turn of marked affecting factor of removal performance through orthogonal experiments, optimize the function parameter of IBAF, reveal the regularity of sewage treatment of IBAF under different conditions, and adopt suitable measures to guarantee excess water quality of IBAF.  相似文献   

7.
本研究在邯郸构建了二级串联人工湿地系统,进行污水净化试验．试验结果表明,构建的人工湿地系统对污染物去除效果良好,出水水质较稳定,系统对COD、TN、TP的去除率分别在25％～65％、29％-94％、30％-80％之间．在相同的水力负荷下,植物生长状况良好的人工湿地污水处理效果明显高于植物生长状况差的人工湿地．潜流人工湿地子系统对污水的净化效果和稳定性明显好于表层人工湿地系统．人工湿地处理污水受温度和季节影响较大,在温度较高的夏季去除率远远高于温度较低的冬季．  相似文献   

8.
Due to the importance of biological safety in drinking water quality and the disadvantages which exist in traditional methods of detecting typical microorganisms such as Cryptosporidium and Giardia, it is necessary to develop an alternative. Particle counts is a qualitative measurement of the amount of dissolved solids in water. The removal rate of particle counts was previously used as an indicator of the effectiveness of a biological activated carbon （BAC） filter in removing Cryptosporidium and Giardia. The particle counts in a BAC filter effluent over one operational period and the effects of BAC filter construction and operational parameters were investigated with a 10 m^3/h pilot plant. The results indicated that the maximum particle count in backwash remnant water was as high as 1296 count/ml and it needed about 1.5 h to reduce from the maximum to less than 50 count/ml. During the standard filtration period, particle counts stay constant at less than 50 count/ml for 5 d except when influenced by sand filter backwash remnant water. The removal rates of particle counts in the BAC filter are related to characteristics of the carbon. For example, a columned carbon and a sand bed removed 33.3% and 8.5% of particles, respectively, while the particle counts in effluent from a cracked BAC filter was higher than that of the influent. There is no significant difference among particle removal rates with different filtration rates. High post-ozone dosage （〉2 mg/L） plays an important role in particle count removal; when the dosage was 3 mg/L, the removal rates by carbon layers and sand beds decreased by 17.5% and increased by 9.5%, respectively, compared with a 2 mg/L dosage.  相似文献   

9.
采用循环式生物曝气滤池工艺（CBAF）,对炼油碱性污水硫化物进行了预处理实验研究,初步探讨其去除机理。研究了不同水力停留时间（HRT）、溶解氧（DO）、pH等对污水中硫化物的影响。当水力停留时间为32h,溶解氧不小于2mg·L^-1,pH范围在5～8时,硫化物平均去除率达到99．5％,且循环式生物曝气滤池工艺处理效果好．运行稳定。  相似文献   

10.
Evaluating the performance of a biotrickling filter for the treatment of wastewaters produced by a company manufacturing beer was the aim of this study. A pilot scale trickling filter filled with gravel was used as the experimental biofilter. Pilot scale plant experiments were made to evaluate the performance of the trickling filter aerobic and anaerobic biofilm systems for removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) and nutrients from synthetic brewery wastewater. Performance evaluation data of the trickling filter were generated under different experimental conditions. The trickling filter had an average efficiency of (86.81±6.95)% as the hydraulic loading rate increased from 4.0 to 6.4 m3/(m2·d). Various COD concentrations were used to adjust organic loading rates from 1.5 to 4.5 kg COD/(m3·d). An average COD removal efficiency of (85.10±6.40)% was achieved in all wastewater concentrations at a hydraulic loading of 6.4 m3/(m2·d). The results lead to a design organic load of 1.5 kg COD/(m3·d) to reach an effluent COD in the range of 50–120 mg/L. As can be concluded from the results of this study, organic substances in brewery wastewater can be handled in a cost-effective and environmentally friendly manner using the gravel-filled trickling filter.  相似文献   

11.
以直接耐酸大红染料(4BS)为模拟污染物,对4BS染料废水进行了非均相光助紫外Fenton(UV／Fenton)体系氧化降解试验研究,通过测量废水4BS及化学需氧量(CODcr)的变化,考察了不同氧化体系、H2O2投加量、催化剂投加量、pH值等主要操作条件对4BS废水处理效果的影响。结果表明,在H2O2投加量为1倍理论投加量(1 Qth),复合催化剂的投加量为O．2 g·L-1,常温不通气的情况下,经过40 min,4BS染料废水CODcr的去除率可达80％以上,4BS染料的去除率达到95％以上,废水的可生化性也得到很好的改善。该方法为非均相UV／benton体系应用于染料废水处理提供了很好的应用前景。  相似文献   

12.
The use of a biotrickling filter was investigated for a pilot field-scale elimination of NH3 gas and other odorous gases from a composting plant in Tongzhou District, Beijing. The inlet gas flow rate was 3500 m3/h and NH3 concentration fluctuated between 2.76–27.84 mg/m3, while the average outlet concentration was 1.06 mg/m3 with an average of 94.9% removal. Critical volumetric loading (removal efficiency=100%) was 11.22 g-N/(m3·h). The odor concentration removal was 86.7%. NH3 removal efficiency decreased as the free ammonia (FA) in the trickling liquid increased. The pressure drop was maintained at about 50 Pa/m and was never more than 55 Pa/m. During the experiment, there was neither backflushing required nor any indication of clogging. Overall, the biotrickling filter was highly efficient and cost-effective for the simultaneous biodegradation of NH3 and other odorous gases from composting, suggesting the possibility of treating odorous gases at the industrial level.  相似文献   

13.
Multi-stage ponds-wetlands ecosystem for effective wastewater treatment   总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2  
INTRODUCTION Pond systems are commonly employed formunicipal sewage purification, especially in devel-oping countries, due to its cost-effectiveness andhigh potential of removing different pollutants. Un-fortunately, algae would bloom in the ponds andcause secondary pollution of the following stream.To tackle this problem, several methods combiningboth ponds and filtering system had been tried(Christian et al., 2003). Dongying multi-stageponds-wetlands ecosystem was designed embodyi…  相似文献   

14.
A one-dimensional column is set up to study the mass transfer during air sparging process for methyl tertiary butyl ether(MTBE) removal in saturated soil and groundwater, with the condition of different airflow and soil penetrability. It is shown that the removal rate of MTBE can reach 80%, 90% and 95% when airflow is 0.05 m3/h, 0.085 m3/h and 0.10 m3/h, respectively. Increasing airflow will help to increase the removal rate of dissolved MTBE, but eventually a threshold removal rate is reached, above which further increasing air injection rates does not increase the removal rate. Fine sand allows the injected air to travel in bubble form, while coarse sand and medium sand allow the injected air to travel in the form of discrete channels; the greater the soil grain size is, the more extensive the channel net work forms, which in turn leads to higher removal rate. A tailing effect of lingering residual contaminant concentrations occur within the fine sand. About 20% of MTBE cannot be removed.  相似文献   

15.
By combining sequencing batch reactor （SBR） activated sludge process and constructed wetland （CW）, this study is to achieve the domestic wastewater treatment. Our purpose was to determine the optimum operating parameters of the combined process. The process involved advantages and shortages of SBR and CW. Under normal temperature, the 3rd cycle （SBR’s operation cycle is 8 h： inflow for 1 h, limited aeration for 3 h, sediment for 1 h, outflow for 1 h, and idling for 2 h; CW’s hydraulic retention time （HRT） is 24.8 h and hydraulic loading is 24.5 m^3/m^2 d） was the best cyclic mode. The effluents can meet the standard GB/T18921-2002： “The reuse of urban recycling water： water quality standard for scenic environment use”. In the 3rd cycle, the efficiency of CW was the maximum, and energy consumption of SBR was the minimum. Under the condition of low dissolved oxygen, the removing efficiency of chemical oxygen demand （COD） and ammonia was not affected obviously. Simultaneously, nitrification and denitrification phenomena occured and phosphorus was absorbed obviously.  相似文献   

16.
造纸黑液厌氧塘-化学混凝工艺研究结果表明,厌氧塘作为造纸黑液的初级处理,在有机负荷率为0.2～0.8kg/m2.d时,COD去除率为30～42%,木质素去除率为40～50%;塘出水后处理采用化学混凝法,在泥浆投加量为2.45g/L(提高塘出水的SS),FeCl3投加量为0.91g/L时,COD和色度的去除率分别为84%和94%,最终出水可达到造纸行业的排放标准。  相似文献   

17.
构建了一种连续流无膜人工湿地-微生物燃料电池,其水力停留时间为 2 d. 系统以葡萄糖为基质启动2 ～ 3 d 后,在外接电阻为 1 kΩ时,其稳定输出电流密度高于 2 A /m3,同时,COD 去除率大于 90% . 比较了阴阳极间距为 10,20,30 和 40 cm 的系统. 当间距为 20 cm 时,系统的产电电压、库仑效率和能量密度皆最高,分别为 560 mV,0. 313% 和 0. 149 W /m3,且 COD 去除率也为最高,达到 94. 9%. 此外,各系统中的 DO最低浓度均出现在装置中部. 结果表明,COD 去除率越高,系统产能越高,因而库仑效率也越高. 人工湿地-微生物燃料电池系统作为一种低成本及环境友好的污水处理同步产电技术显示出实际应用潜力.  相似文献   

18.
为保障西北村镇饮用水安全,选用生物慢滤对窖水进行处理。通过自然挂膜的方式研究了填充铁改性沸石的慢滤柱对浊度、氨氮和CODMn的去除效果,改变滤速和断流天数考察装置的运行能力。研究表明:慢滤柱30天形成生物膜,稳定后能有效去除水中的各项污染物,对浊度、氨氮和CODMn的平均去除率分别为96.67%、87.13%和42.86%;滤速增加各去除率降低;断流后滤柱恢复时间很短;慢滤柱对实际雨水也有很好的去除效果,适用于西北村镇分散式供水。  相似文献   

19.
Urban wastewater treatment techniques could not be applied to improve the pollutant removal efficiency,due to its characteristics of closed and quiescent conditions of the static lake water.In this study,natural zeolite and coal cinder were chosen as filler compounds of the ecological filter.Static and dynamic experiments were carried out to study the remediation efficiency.Experimental data show that removal efficiency of ammonia nitrogen （NH ＋ 4 -N） reaches 85% in both static and dynamic patterns and its removal efficiency reaches 97% when the recycling period is 1 h in dynamic condition.The maximum removal efficiency of nitrite nitrogen （NO-2 -N） reached 98%,and the removal efficiency of total nitrogen （TN） is a maximum of 84%.The final effluent concentration of total phosphorus （TP） is 0.079 mg/L.Effluent recycling could improve the nutrient （N,P） removal efficiently.Dissolved oxygen （DO） concentration could remain high with the water cycling.The filter works efficiently on regulating pH to the standard level of healthy water.  相似文献   

20.
Based on the laboratory experiments with the saltwater and freshwater replacing each other in the level sand column, taking the kaolin, illite, smectite, bivalent hydrargyrum ion (Hg2+) and phenol (C6H5OH) as exam-ples, this paper studies the applications of water sensitivity in situ remediation in saltwater-freshwater transition zone. In the water sensitivity process, the release and migration of clay minerals can make the hydraulic conductiv-ity (HC) decrease and pollutants remove. A new type of low penetrable or impenetrable purdah can be built by adding clay minerals into the sand media to replace the underground concrete impenetrable wall to prevent seawater intrusion, and a number of the heavy metals and organic pollutants in the sand media can be removed by in situ remediation. The results show that the content of kaolin and illite influences the water sensitivity process slightly, and HC of the sand columns descends from 0.011 cm/s to 0.001 4 cm/s and 0.001 2 cm/s respectively even if the content reaches 12% (weight ratio, sic passim). However, for smectite, HC descends sharply to about 1×10-8 cm/s when its content reaches 4%, and no water can flow through the sand columns beyond 5%. The particle release and migration processes can remove the Hg2+ and C6H5OH out of the sand columns efficiently, the removing rate of Hg2+ is 31.68% when the freshwater and saltwater are filtered through the sand columns polluted by Hg2+, while it is 67.55% when the water sensitivity occurs. With the same method, the removing rates of C6H5OH under the fluid flow and water sensitivity are 55.71% and 43.43% respectively.  相似文献   

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