共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 609 毫秒
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一、单人项目运动员的科学选材单人项目运动员选材测试的内容主要有以下几个方面: 1.身体形态身体形态主要是指身高、体重、四肢躯干的长度、围度、肩宽以及身体各部分的比例关系等。身体形态的具体指标很多,根据我国优秀单跳运动员的身体形态看,我们一般选拔身体匀称,臂腿要直,跟腱细长 相似文献
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为提高女子少儿体操运动员选材效果 ,科学地制订运动训练计划以及有效地控制训练的过程 ,对山东省连续两年获得女子 6～ 7岁组团体冠军的新泰体操运动学校 8名优秀运动员 ,进行了身体形态、素质、基本技术等因素各指标的测试 ,用因素分析法探讨了各因素对竞技能力的关联程度。结果表明 ,身体形态匀称即四肢长、手大、髋小、肩宽、体重轻等的女子少儿是较理想的体形 ;素质训练过程中 ,应着重注意增强腹背力量、爆发力和上肢力量 (尤其是支撑力量 ) ;基本技术训练过程中 ,应偏重于自由操翻腾技术的训练 ,这样对其他三项的翻腾技术起到正诱导和促进作用 ,能进一步提高竞技能力。 相似文献
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为了能够对中国男子自由式摔跤运动员的身体形态有较为客观和量化的认识,提升该项目的科学选材和训练水平,以备战2012年伦敦奥运会的集训运动员为主要研究对象,通过文献资料调研、专家咨询、形态测试及数理统计等方法进行分析研究。结果表明,与国内一般男子自由式摔跤运动员相比,中国优秀男子自由式摔跤运动员具有手臂粗而长,四肢肌肉充实度较高及颈部、腰部围度大、髋宽大的身体形态特点;中国男子自由式摔跤运动员的身体形态与世界优秀男子自由式摔跤运动员相比,体重指数显著高于国外优秀运动员(P<0.05),但是肌肉质量不足。另外,通过对各指标的因子分析和得分统计,国家队运动员的臂展、臀围、手长等指标具有一定的优势,但下肢长(B)存在一定的不足。 相似文献
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为准确了解现阶段我国优秀游泳运动员的身体形态特点,特对2006年我国国家游泳集训队125名队员的身体长度、宽度、围度、皮褶厚度等28个形态指标和肺活量、一维重心、骨骼年龄3个指标进行了测试。测试发现：2006年集训队队员的体型更趋于游泳项目所要求的水中减阻的流线型体征;但队员躯干围度指标的发展趋势不利于降低形态阻力,提醒应通过有针对性的训练加以改善。男队员身体长度及其复合指标整体上均好于2004年队员;2006年队员的上臂肌力与呼吸机能有所下降;一维重心与未成年队员骨龄的测量,能为早期重点培养运动员提供科学依据。 相似文献
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通过对我国优秀橄榄球队员32项身体形态、7项生理机能、32项派生指标、4项专项素质指标以及不同位置运动员之间各项指标的比较，探讨橄榄球运动员身体形态和生理机能特点，为橄榄球运动训练及后备人才的选拔提供实验数据。结果表明，我国优秀男子橄榄球运动员的身高、体重以及体重指数等与日本、澳大利亚、新西兰等国家基本相同，但VO2 max与国外运动员相差较大，需加强有氧能力训练。此外，前锋队员50m跑速度显著慢于后卫队员，需要加强速度素质的训练；在前锋、后卫队员之间身高、手臂长度、肌肉重量、瘦体重等指标存在显著差异，可以作为橄榄球运动员定位及选材时的参考指标。 相似文献
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祁团结 《武汉体育学院学报》2005,39(11):88-91
对我国优秀乒乓球女子运动员、羽毛球女子运动员的身体形态指标、体型特点进行比较分析,结果发现很多身体形态指标有非常显著的差异:乒乓球运动员四肢围度为主要因子,特别是上臂围度的因子载荷为最大;而羽毛球运动员长度为主要因子。 相似文献
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Hong Y Wang L Xu DQ Li JX 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2011,10(2):85-97
One important extrinsic factor that causes foot deformity and pain in women is footwear. Women's sports shoes are designed as smaller versions of men's shoes. Based on this, the current study aims to identify foot shape in 1,236 Chinese young adult men and 1,085 Chinese young adult women. Three-dimensional foot shape data were collected through video filming. Nineteen foot shape variables were measured, including girth (4 variables), length (4 variables), width (3 variables), height (7 variables), and angle (1 variable). A comparison of foot measures within the range of the common foot length (FL) categories indicates that women showed significantly smaller values of foot measures in width, height, and girth than men. Three foot types were classified, and distributions of different foot shapes within the same FL were found between women and men. Foot width, medial ball length, ball angle, and instep height showed significant differences among foot types in the same FL for both genders. There were differences in the foot shape between Chinese young women and men, which should be considered in the design of Chinese young adults' sports shoes. 相似文献
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Youlian Hong Lin Wang Dong Qing Xu 《Sports biomechanics / International Society of Biomechanics in Sports》2013,12(2):85-97
One important extrinsic factor that causes foot deformity and pain in women is footwear. Women's sports shoes are designed as smaller versions of men's shoes. Based on this, the current study aims to identify foot shape in 1,236 Chinese young adult men and 1,085 Chinese young adult women. Three-dimensional foot shape data were collected through video filming. Nineteen foot shape variables were measured, including girth (4 variables), length (4 variables), width (3 variables), height (7 variables), and angle (1 variable). A comparison of foot measures within the range of the common foot length (FL) categories indicates that women showed significantly smaller values of foot measures in width, height, and girth than men. Three foot types were classified, and distributions of different foot shapes within the same FL were found between women and men. Foot width, medial ball length, ball angle, and instep height showed significant differences among foot types in the same FL for both genders. There were differences in the foot shape between Chinese young women and men, which should be considered in the design of Chinese young adults’ sports shoes. 相似文献
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研究河南省篮球传统项目学校少儿男子(小学组)9支学校篮球队运动员的身体形态指标共计11项,进行测量所获取的数据加以分析。研究表明:1)经因子分析提取少儿篮球运动员的身体形态的优先发展特征分别是:体重、小腿长、大腿长、小臂长、足长、腕长。2)对决定少儿篮球运动员的身体形态5个因子为因变量,以训练年限为自变量再进行回归分析表明:随着训练年数的增加,小腿长度、大腿长度、足长、腕长具有显著性差异P0.05,下肢的发展优于上肢;而体重和小臂长度具有不显著性差异P0.05。 相似文献
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儿童、青少年时期是人生中最为重要的生长发育阶段,人体的各个器官系统都发生了巨大的变化.人体形态也随之发生快速变化,对其形态特征的研究可以为指导体育教学和适宜健身器械的开发提供依据.共计测量了7～18岁儿童、青少年25个身体形态指标,分为长度、宽度、围度等方面指标,通过对25个指标数据进行聚类分析,显示7～18岁的儿童、青少年身体形态指标的平均数变化趋势遵循“向心律”规律,女生生长发育提前于男生,但都遵循“先快后慢”的趋势,其增长最快的年龄段基本一致,出现在7～14岁阶段.通过对各年龄组男、女生身体形态指标平均数差值的聚类分析,提示较为适合的以形态差异为依据的性别年龄分组应该是:7～9岁年龄组(无性别差异);10～12岁年龄组(无性别差异);13～15岁年龄组女生;13～15岁年龄组男生;16～18岁年龄组女生;16～18岁年龄组男生. 相似文献
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Jan Bourgois Albrecht L. Claessens Melissa Janssens Bart Van Renterghem Ruth Loos Martine Thomis 《Journal of sports sciences》2013,31(3):195-202
During the 1997 Federation Internationale des Societes d'Aviron (FISA) World Junior Rowing Championships, the anthropometric characteristics of 245 female junior rowers aged 17.5 ± 0.8 years (mean ± s) were assessed. Twenty-seven body dimensions (body mass, 6 heights or lengths, 4 breadths, 10 girths and 6 skinfolds) were measured in total. The elite female junior rowers were taller (174.5 ± 6.2 cm) and heavier (69.5 ± 6.2 kg), with greater length, breadth and girth dimensions, but lower skinfold thicknesses than a representative sample of Flemish (Belgian) girls of the same chronological age. An anthropometric profile chart was constructed that was rowing-specific and norms were established. Compared with scullers, sweep rowers were heavier (+4.2 kg) and taller (+2.8 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth). Sweep rowers also had greater skinfold thicknesses (except for the thigh and calf skinfolds). Finalists were heavier (+3.6 kg) and taller (+3.9 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth) than non-finalists. No significant differences were found for skinfold thicknesses between finalists and non-finalists. 相似文献
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Bourgois J Claessens AL Janssens M Van Renterghem B Loos R Thomis M Philippaerts R Lefevre J Vrijens J 《Journal of sports sciences》2001,19(3):195-202
During the 1997 Federation Internationale des Sociétés d'Aviron (FISA) World Junior Rowing Championships, the anthropometric characteristics of 245 female junior rowers aged 17.5 +/- 0.8 years (mean +/- s) were assessed. Twenty-seven body dimensions (body mass, 6 heights or lengths, 4 breadths, 10 girths and 6 skinfolds) were measured in total. The elite female junior rowers were taller (174.5 +/- 6.2 cm) and heavier (69.5 +/- 6.2 kg), with greater length, breadth and girth dimensions, but lower skinfold thicknesses than a representative sample of Flemish (Belgian) girls of the same chronological age. An anthropometric profile chart was constructed that was rowing-specific and norms were established. Compared with scullers, sweep rowers were heavier (+4.2 kg) and taller (+2.8 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth). Sweep rowers also had greater skinfold thicknesses (except for the thigh and calf skinfolds). Finalists were heavier (+3.6 kg) and taller (+3.9 cm), with greater length, breadth (except for femur width) and girth dimensions (except for calf girth) than non-finalists. No significant differences were found for skinfold thicknesses between finalists and non-finalists. 相似文献
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运用文献资料法、特尔菲法、测量法、格拉布斯法以及因子分析等科研方法,对我国优秀女子跳高运动员身体形态进行研究。研究结果：1）建立了我国优秀女子跳高运动员专项身体形态指标体系;2）揭示我国优秀女子跳高运动员专项身体形态特征;3）对我国优秀女子跳高运动员专项身体形态的典型指标进行了理论分析。 相似文献
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The aims of this study were to identify whether relative shape and size characteristics of world-class sprinters have changed over time, and whether any anthropometric parameters characterize the most successful world-class sprinters. The results suggest that body mass index, reflecting greater muscle mass rather than greater adiposity, is an important factor associated with success in both male and female world-class sprinters over time. However, in female athletes the reciprocal ponderal index (RPI) has emerged as a more important indicator of success over several decades, with taller, more linear sprinters achieving greater success, as measured by sprint speed. In male sprinters it is only in the most recent decade that RPI has emerged as an important predictor of success. We speculate that the prominence of the RPI and an ectomophic somatotype being typical of the most successful world-class sprinters might be explained, in part, by the influence of stride length on sprint speed. In conclusion, these results suggest that coaches, selectors, and sports scientists should consider body shape when selecting potential athletes for sprint events, encouraging more linear athletes with a high RPI. 相似文献