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1.
Anxious Solitude and Self‐Compassion and Self‐Criticism Trajectories in Early Adolescence: Attachment Security as a Moderator 
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下载免费PDF全文 Youths’ attachment representations with their parents were tested as moderators of the relation between peer‐reported anxious solitude and self‐compassion and self‐criticism trajectories from fifth to seventh grades. Participants were 213 youth, 57% girls, M = 10.65 years of age. Growth curves revealed that attachment representations with both parents moderated the relation between AS and self‐processes such that AS youth with (a) dual secure attachments demonstrated the most adaptive self‐processes, (b) one secure attachment demonstrated intermediately adaptive self‐processes, and (c) dual insecure attachments demonstrated the least adaptive self‐processes over time. AS youth with dual insecure attachments are of most concern because they demonstrated elevated and increasing self‐criticism over time, given evidence for relations between self‐criticism and internalizing psychopathology. 相似文献
2.
Gil Diesendruck Rebecca Goldfein‐Elbaz Marjorie Rhodes Susan Gelman Noam Neumark 《Child development》2013,84(6):1906-1917
The present study compared 5‐ and 10‐year‐old North American and Israeli children's beliefs about the objectivity of different categories (n = 109). Children saw picture triads composed of two exemplars of the same category (e.g., two women) and an exemplar of a contrasting category (e.g., a man). Children were asked whether it would be acceptable or wrong for people in a different country to consider contrasting exemplars to be the same kind. It was found that children from both countries viewed gender as objectively correct and occupation as flexible. The findings regarding race and ethnicity differed in the two countries, revealing how an essentialist bias interacts with cultural input in directing children's conceptualization of social groups. 相似文献
3.
In the light of the Children's Television Workshop research‐guided productions of Sesame Street and The Electric Company, relatively inexpensive production styles such as camera in the back of a classroom and the simple studio set with the camera on the teacher have drawn harsh criticism. A theoretical basis for this criticism has been that the available audiovisual message capacity is not being used to its full potential, particularly the visual portion, in the simpler, teacher‐centred styles.
Recent programming by TV College of the City Colleges of Chicago presented an opportunity to conduct an evaluation of two distinctly different instructional television production styles for adult open learning students. In this research a Miami‐Dade (Florida) Community College documentary film program which was part of the 30‐program series Man and Environment (M&E;) was compared with a program locally produced by TV College (TVC) which was broadcast back‐to‐back with the M&E program. This programing was part of the Miami‐Dade instructional design for the television course in Environmental Science
The M&E program. Individual Maladjustment, contains a wide variety of filmed sequences ‐‐ dramatic sequences, animated filmographs combining old photographs and newsreels, and man‐in‐the‐street interviews ‐‐ including specially filmed as well as stock footage from a variety of locations in the United States and the world. The voice‐over narration was professionally done and designed to integrate with the accompanying textbook. Some sequences contained synchronized sound. Music and sound effects combined with the picture to form a high quality documentary format program. The cost was estimated at S1,000 per minute 相似文献
4.
Many constructivists tag as `absolutist' references to mathematics as an abstract body of knowledge, and stake-out the moral high-ground with the argument that mathematics is not only utilised oppressively but that mathematics is, in-itself, oppressive. With much reference to Ernest's (1991) Philosophy of Mathematics Education this tag has been justified on the grounds that if mathematics is a social-cultural creation that is mutable and fallible then it must be social acceptance that confers the objectivity of mathematics. This paper argues that mathematics, albeit a social-cultural creation that is mutable and fallible, is a body of knowledge the objectivity of which is independent of origin or social acceptance. Recently, Ernest (1998) has attempted to express social constructivism as a philosophy of mathematics and has included the category of logical necessity in his elaboration of the objectivity of mathematics. We argue that this inclusion of logical necessity not only represents a U-turn, but that the way in which Ernest has included this category is an attempt to maintain his earlier position that it is social acceptance that confers the objectivity of mathematics. 相似文献
5.
“Burke's perspective on perspectives: Grounding dramatism in the representative anecdote” 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Bryan Crable 《Quarterly Journal of Speech》2013,99(3):318-333
Rhetorical scholars have taken Burke's discussions of the “representative anecdote” in A Grammar of Motives, and have devised from them a systematic procedure for use in criticism. However, I believe that we can read the representative anecdote in a different way‐by examining the work the term does for Burke himself. I suggest that Burke is not offering a method as much as justifying dramatism dramatistically. Ultimately, based upon my reading of the Grammar, I argue that the representative anecdote‐taken in conjunction with the pentad‐supports Burke's claim to provide the most adequate vocabulary for the study of motives. 相似文献
6.
Sandra L. Pensonseau‐Conway Satoshi Toyosaki 《International journal of qualitative studies in education》2013,26(2):65-86
The 1954 Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court ruling remains a most prominent and influential event in one's perceptions of educational (in)equality. This research focuses on identity politics in education, paying special attention to whiteness as it manifests in a student‐centered university‐sponsored open‐forum public speaking event centering on the 50th anniversary of this landmark case. To this end, the authors develop and utilize the method of field‐text process analysis. By combining ethnography and rhetorical/textual criticism to form field‐text process analysis, they are able to scrutinize the process and event of the forum for the ways it both perpetuates and works against whiteness in its many manifestations. 相似文献
7.
In this digital ITEMS module, Dr. Jue Wang and Dr. George Engelhard Jr. describe the Rasch measurement framework for the construction and evaluation of new measures and scales. From a theoretical perspective, they discuss the historical and philosophical perspectives on measurement with a focus on Rasch's concept of specific objectivity and invariant measurement. Specifically, they introduce the origins of Rasch measurement theory, the development of model‐data fit indices, as well as commonly used Rasch measurement models. From an applied perspective, they discuss best practices in constructing, estimating, evaluating, and interpreting a Rasch scale using empirical examples. They provide an overview of a specialized Rasch software program (Winsteps) and an R program embedded within Shiny (Shiny_ERMA) for conducting the Rasch model analyses. The module is designed to be relevant for students, researchers, and data scientists in various disciplines such as psychology, sociology, education, business, health, and other social sciences. It contains audio‐narrated slides, sample data, syntax files, access to Shiny_ERMA program, diagnostic quiz questions, data‐based activities, curated resources, and a glossary. 相似文献
8.
“Henceforth, my dear philosophers, let us be on our guard against the dangerous old conceptual fiction that posits a ‘pure, will‐less, painless, timeless knowing subject'; let us guard against the snares of such contradictory concepts as ‘pure reason’, ‘absolute spirituality’, ‘knowledge in itself: these always demand that we should think of an eye that is completely unthinkable, an eye turned in no particular direc‐ tion, in which the active and interpreting forces, through which alone seeing becomes seeing something, are supposed to be lacking; these always demand of the eye an absurdity and a nonsense. There is only a perspective seeing, only a perspective ‘knowing'; and the more emotions we allow to speak about one thing, the more eyes, different eyes, we can use to observe one thing, the more complete will our ‘concept’ of this thing, our ‘objectivity’ be.” (Friedrich Nietzsche, On the Genealogy of Morals)
As an ‘epilogue’ to this special issue on postmodernism in. the history of education the authors, as privileged witnesses, examine to what extent ‘Paedagogica Historica’ has stimulated or just mirrored trends in (post‐)modern educational historiography. To analyse the journal they make use of both measurable and interpreta‐ tive indicators. The main conclusion runs as follows: ‘Paedagogica Historica’ acted more as a mirror than a lever in developments in the history of education. 相似文献
9.
A major criticism of student evaluations of teaching is that they do not reflect student perspectives. Using critical incidents job analysis, students identified nine teaching effectiveness competencies: communication, availability, creativity, individual consideration, social awareness, feedback, professionalism, conscientiousness and problem‐solving. The behaviourally anchored Evaluation of Teaching Competencies Scale is a highly reliable (alpha = .94), unidimensional measure that correlated strongly with an instructor‐related composite of the Students’ Evaluation of Educational Quality (SEEQ, r = .72), but not to a SEEQ composite related to instructor assigned work (r = .04, N = 195). The results are discussed in the context of other measures of teaching effectiveness and transformational leadership theory. 相似文献
10.
《British Educational Research Journal》2005,31(2):157-183
The article is an exploration of the meanings and worthiness of criticism as a significant phenomenon in the evolution of educational research during the 1990s. While drawing on an overview of the vast amount of documents expressing criticisms of educational research in the UK, western and eastern continental Europe and the USA, it summarises the findings of a study based on the analysis of some of the most influential texts that criticised educational research in the UK during the mid‐1990s: Hargreaves (1996), Tooley and Darby (1998), Hillage et al. (1998). An understanding of the targets, sources, solutions and actors that are characteristic of the recent criticisms of educational research is proposed, together with an exploration of the rhetorical devices employed in expressing criticism and of some of the philosophical themes that underpin the recent debates. 相似文献
11.
学本批评的逻辑定性，基原于批评与欣赏展开的化论域。不同的化论域。导致了批评原则、基准、视角的差异。批评活动中无法剔除的主观性及历史性使批评无法成为客观的科学。批评的非科学化为本的多义性提供了历史的合理性根据。于是本始终以期待形式向未来的批评视域敞开。 相似文献
12.
Sharon Crasnow 《Science & Education》2008,17(10):1089-1110
Feminist philosophy of science has been criticized on several counts. On the one hand, it is claimed that it results in relativism
of the worst sort since the political commitment to feminism is prima facie incompatible with scientific objectivity. On the other hand, when critics acknowledge that there may be some value in work
that feminists have done, they comment that there is nothing particularly feminist about their accounts. I argue that both criticisms can be addressed through a better understanding of the current work in
feminist epistemology. I offer an examination of standpoint theory as an illustration. Harding and Wylie have suggested ways
in which the objectivity question can be addressed. These two accounts together with a third approach, ‘model-based objectivity’,
indicate there is a clear sense in which we can understand how a standpoint theory both contributes to a better understanding
of scientific knowledge and can provide a feminist epistemology.
相似文献
| Sharon CrasnowEmail: |
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14.
Glenn Rikowski 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》1996,17(4):415-451
This paper provides an external account of the demise of the ‘old’ Marxist educational theory flowing from social reproductionism/ resistance theory. Five developments are explored in terms of how they have undercut the ‘old’ educational Marxism: hyper‐academicism; dislocations/disjunctions between theory and practice; the postmodern challenge; the new liberal ‘Left’ challenge; and, the ‘death of Marxism’ syndrome. The first two elements form the basis of some important ‘lessons’ for the revitalisation of Marxist perspectives on education. It is also argued that, although the five trends and developments have posed a serious challenge for the ‘old’ Marxist educational theory, nevertheless, it will probably circulate for some time‐‐given revivals, revisits, and as a source of easy criticism for anti‐Marxists. Finally, there has been a recent flowering of new approaches to theorising education from a Marxist perspective, which this paper maps out. 相似文献
15.
ABSTRACT This is a review essay of Joseph North’s Literary Criticism: A Concise Political History. I interrogate many of North’s claims, most notably his argument about the way a shift from literary criticism to literary scholarship has blunted the capacity of people working in literary studies to engage in a socially critical praxis. I use his book as an occasion to explore the relationship between literary studies (as ‘knowledge’) and the meaning-making that occurs within English classrooms when students engage with the texts chosen for study. I argue that North’s failure to make connections between English teaching and the literary critical projects of people like I.A. Richards, F.R. Leavis and Raymond Williams ultimately limits the reach of his book. For each of these critics, literary criticism was deeply embedded in an educational project that extended far beyond the confines of the academy, and their literary criticism might usefully be reread in these terms. 相似文献
16.
Paul Standish 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2012,46(1):60-72
This paper examines sections of Wittgenstein's Philosophical Investigations with a view to exposing trail‐effects of psychology in educational and social practice today. These are seen in understandings of the relations between mind and body, and language and thought, and their influence is identified in such contemporary preoccupations as accounting transparency and the new science of happiness. A Wittgensteinian critique is offered, with attention paid to the idea that ‘nothing is hidden’. Finally a question is raised as to how far it is the imperviousness of these practices to criticism that is the key to understanding them. 相似文献
17.
熊晓辉 《南通师范学院学报》2009,(3):93-95
音乐批评依据着某些基本的客观标准来对音乐现象进行实事求是、客观公正的评说,基于不同的文化基础．形成了众多的音乐批评流派,在20世纪西方结构主义等批评思潮的影响下,音乐研究开始走向“音乐文化研究”,“语境”成了音乐批评的重要因素.当代音乐批评应站在审美与和谐的角度去欣赏、感悟音乐．体现音乐评论的客观性. 相似文献
18.
E. Anne Williams 《Asia-Pacific Journal of Teacher Education》1995,23(1):5-16
This paper describes the changes which have taken place recently in England with respect to the control, the content and the location of secondary initial teacher education. It identifies ways in which control of initial teacher education has been moved away from higher‐education institutions, which prescribe content more and emphasise competence‐based course requirements, and how the location has moved significantly from the higher‐education institution into the school. Some implications for Australian practice are considered in the context of recent criticism of the current situation. 相似文献
19.
王宏维 《华南师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2004,6(6):19-25
哈丁以后殖民女性主义立场对客观性进行的探讨,是一种具有历史及多元化背景的认识论研究新语境。其主要方面为：以“新客观性问题”实现传统认识论的转换,论证现代科学是建立在欧洲化背景上的“地方性知识”,建立客观性的“强纲领”,以达到“强客观性”。而这一研究的目的具、有明显的政治性,即实现平等的化话语权、知识话语权、科学话语权,消除科学与权力关系构建的话语霸权,在有益于科学发展的同时推进社会政治民主。 相似文献
20.
This article examines a group of five ink, pen and wash drawings produced by the Anglo‐Swiss artist Henry Fuseli in the mid‐eighteenth century in Zurich. The drawings were produced for a Narrenbuch (Book of Fools) uniting visual images of folly with humorous slogans. The drawings are significant in that they imitate sixteenth‐century print culture and pedagogic literary genres based around the figure of the fool by humanist writers such as Sebastian Brant and Erasmus. The article argues that Fuseli’s conception of the Narrenbuch was a criticism of the ascetic methods of teaching employed at the Carolinum Collegium where he was training to become a Reformist Minister before he later became a well‐known artist in Britain. Furthermore, it argues that the Narrenbuch was also supposed to function as a type of male conduct book, thereby revealing the significant contribution Fuseli’s early works made to visual modes of instruction. By showing the extent to which Fuseli’s early drawings borrow from historical precedents and attitudes of Zurich intellectuals, the artist’s role as pedagogue is considered. By using Fuseli as a case study, the article suggests that artists often do more than “just” produce works of a didactic nature; rather their working methods, formalistic concerns and intellectual environment can all contribute to the potential pedagogic implications of their works. 相似文献