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1.
In the framework of teaching the natural sciences, ``laboratory' is a general name for activities based on observations, tests, and experiments done by students. It is hard to imagine learning to do science, or learning about science, without doing laboratory or fieldwork. In this paper, a historical overview of the place, purposes, and goals of the laboratory in physics teaching is presented, together with perspectives for its future related to the most recent results of research in physics education, mainly those concerning the constructivist and social constructivist learning approaches. Based on these approaches we try to validate the belief that microcomputer-based laboratories (MBLs) are one of the most promising perspectives in physics laboratory teaching, based on both theoretical and empirical grounds. 相似文献
2.
教育理念决定教育行为，决定教育模式，决定教育策略，更决定了教师的教育观、学生观和质量观。物理教育属于科学教育，物理教师必须改变传统的教学方式，在物理教学中渗透物理实践的理念，创设情景和创造各种条件，充分调动学生的主观能动性，培养学生的探究能力和实践应用能力，形成良好的科学素养。 相似文献
3.
传统的中学物理实验教学模式存在多种不足,不利于学生能力素质的培养。为改进传统中学物理实验教学模式,从信息技术与教育结合入手,以设计和开发真三维的物理虚拟实验为解决途径。在综合分析了中学物理实验教学目标及其与虚拟技术的结合核心后,首先提出了针对中学物理虚拟实验的分类方法,并在此方法的基础上结合加涅的"学习条件理论"提出了"两级式中学物理虚拟实验模式(TPVM)"并对此模式进行了理论探讨和技术实践。 相似文献
4.
大学物理教学应以科学哲学、心理学、教育学、系统科学方法论等为理论基础,综合考虑各种因素进行精心设计,使其既反映物理学知识体系、科学方法和发展进程的全貌,又符合学生的认知能力和专业发展需要,实现教育最优化. 相似文献
5.
为了加强物理学史教育，加快推进素质教育的步迈，将物理学史引入教学作为改革教学的一种手段势在必行，本文针对中学引入物理学史的现状进行分析，提出将物理学史引入中学物理的途径与方法，并对教材合理引入史科提出一些建议，供广大物理教育工作者参考。 相似文献
6.
The marginalization of school physics as a socially dynamic educational experience for students is a cause for concern. It is one which needs to be addressed by providers of professional development courses for physics teachers. In this paper we explore some of the issues concerning the professional development of physics teachers, taking a direction which runs counter to the traditionally accepted values inherent in the teaching of the subject. The ideology of science teaching is explored in order to provide a rationale for a socially critical professional development programme for physics teachers. A programme designed to provide a challenge to traditional teaching ideology is described; this programme has an action research component coupled with an investigation into key issues involved in a socially critical physics education. 相似文献
7.
比较教育相对主义研究范式发轫于20世纪初,盛行于20世纪60年代。它关注主体建构的生活世界,否认普遍教育规律的存在,坚持"价值有涉"的观点,把"民族性"作为其研究范例,具有浓重的相对主义色彩和鲜明的质性研究特征,在比较教育学科发展历程中具有里程碑式的意义。 相似文献
8.
This paper argues that research and teaching in physics and in the history of physics are complementary in nature, and it explores some of the implications of this point of view. 相似文献
9.
Models and Modelling in Physics Education: A Critical Re-analysis of Philosophical Underpinnings and Suggestions for Revisions 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Ismo Tapio Koponen 《Science & Education》2007,16(7-8):751-773
The model-based view (MBV) of science education, which strives for authenticity in science teaching, is currently seeking
support from the philosophical positions related to the Semantic View of Theories (SVT). These recent advances are promising
steps towards establishing a robust philosophical framework, but they need revision in so far as they are meant to apply to
physics and physics education. It is suggested here that in physics education, attention needs to be guided to the notion
of the empirical reliability of models and modelling, and to the methodological question of how empirical reliability is established in the process of making a match between theory and experiment. The suggested picture – intended for the purposes of physics teacher education – replaces the current more limited philosophical
frameworks used in science education with one of a wider scope. Moreover, the revised philosophical background gives a more
authentic picture of physics as science, and the modelling activity within it, than the other current stances in the science
education. 相似文献
10.
王西明 《咸阳师范学院学报》2004,19(6):64-65
基础教育的课程改革对成人师范高等教育课程结构和课程设置提出了严峻挑战。从物理专业角度，回顾了现行课程设置和课程内容的历程，提出了成人师范高等教育课程改革的思路和建议。 相似文献
11.
物理图景素养的培养：模型、问题与对策 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
XIANG Hua LI Yong-yan 《课程.教材.教法》2008,(3)
物理图景素养包括物理图景知识、方法、图景思维能力以及关于物理图景的情感态度价值观。物理图景素养同形象思维能力、创新思维能力和实践能力密切相关。通过调查问卷,笔者发现中学生的物理学习成绩与其物理图景素养水平之间呈现高度的正相关以及中学生的物理图景素养总体水平较低等问题。针对这些问题,提出注重观察与实验教学、注重培养学生运用物理图景解决问题的方式、习惯和能力、注重选用现代教育技术手段进行情景教学等建议。 相似文献
12.
职业院校主要培养应用型专业人才,物理课程作为应用技术类专业的基础课程在其课程体系中占有重要地位。职业院校的物理课程如何履行学科的社会功能,使其融入职业教育课程体系,值得深思与探索。文章通过对我国职业教育发展初期职业学校物理课程设置的比较研究,提出了职业学校重视物理课程的基础作用,加强课程内容多样性的对策思考。 相似文献
13.
This article examines secondary-school physics teaching with respect to three levels of curriculum. These are the curriculum as designed by educational authorities and intended for school guidance, as perceived by teachers and translated into classroom practice, and as internalized by students and expressed by achievement on physics tests. In keeping with international usage we refer to these levels of curriculum as the intended, the translated and the achieved. The article is based upon the analysis of curriculum documents and guidelines, teacher assessments of opportunity provided students to learn, and student achievement on a comprehensive physics test. The context for analysis is provided by an ongoing international study of science education in which some 30 participating countries analyze the three curriculum levels and attempt to draw conclusions concerning possible relationships among them. The article reports limited but nevertheless significant relationships found among intentions, translations, and achievement in the teaching of physics in Canadian secondary schools. 相似文献
14.
Physica is an integrated software package designed as part of a course for distance learning students from non-traditional educational backgrounds. It gives students access to an extensive hyperlinked physics glossary, computer algebra and graph-plotting tools. The package aims to give students a framework for solving physics problems and to help them acquire some higher level skills of quantitative problem-solving. This paper outlines rationales underlying various protocols for solving physics problems, and discusses the extent to which frameworks may be useful in helping students develop appropriate strategies for representing problems in formal terms, selecting targets, planning solutions and checking answers. Pedagogical issues underlying the design and implementation of the software are discussed. 相似文献
15.
根据现今大学物理实验教学中出现的一些问题,阐述了实验教学改革的必要性,提出了从合理利用时间、增设实验专题、充分利用资源、利用先进技术和完善考核制度等方面的改革措施。 相似文献
16.
吕增建 《洛阳师范学院学报》2001,20(2)
爱因斯坦是一位对科学发展有杰出贡献的伟大物理学家 .他所创立的相对论和对量子理论所做出的贡献奠定了现代物理学发展的理论基础 .同时他又是一位富有哲学探索精神和有强烈社会责任感的思想家 ,在人类科学史和思想史上产生了极其深远的影响 . 相似文献
17.
Terhi M?ntyl? 《Research in Science Education》2012,42(4):791-812
In physics teacher education, two central goals are first to learn the structures of physics knowledge, and second the processes of its construction. To know the structure is to know the framework of concepts and laws; to know the processes is to know where the knowledge comes from, how the framework is constructed, and how it can be justified. This article introduces a way to approach these goals in the form of a graphical tool called the didactical reconstruction of processes (DRP), where knowledge is constructed to the extent that experiments and models have an equally important role in the construction process. In practice, the DRP is a graphical network representation or a ??flow chart?? with a specific structure, which aims to give an image of the processes of physical concept formation, while at the same time bearing in mind the educational goals. The DRP was tested in an instruction unit for pre-service physics teachers, where students drew flow charts for representing how the law of electromagnetic induction is formed. In addition to flow charts, students also wrote essays clarifying the content of the flow charts. The flow charts and essays were analysed through a qualitative categorisation of structural and knowledge claim patterns. The results show that the DRP helps students in arguing how to form the electromagnetic induction law and that the experiments and models have a distinct role in supporting students?? knowledge claims. 相似文献
18.
A Reconstruction of Structure of the Atom and Its Implications for General Physics Textbooks: A History and Philosophy of Science Perspective 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Recent research in science education has recognized the importance of history and philosophy of science. The objective of this study is to evaluate the presentation of the Thomson, Rutherford, and Bohr models of the atom in general physics textbooks based on criteria derived from history and philosophy of science. Forty-one general physics textbooks (all published in the United States) were evaluated on two criteria based on Thomson's work, three on Rutherford's work, and three on Bohr's work. Results obtained show that general physics textbooks do not systematically include a history and philosophy of science perspective. Most textbooks present an inductivist perspective in which experimental details are considered to be paramount. On the contrary, a historical reconstruction of the experimental details inevitably includes: the context in which an experiment is conducted, the theoretical framework that guides the scientist, and alternative interpretations of data that lead to conflicts and controversies. Examples are provided to show how historical reconstructions of atomic models can provide students an opportunity to appreciate how scientists work and science progresses. It is plausible to suggest that textbook presentations based on a history and philosophy of science perspective can perhaps arouse students' interest in the subject and hence lead to greater conceptual understanding. 相似文献
19.
Olivia Levrini 《Science & Education》2002,11(3):263-278
Research in the history and philosophy of physics hasshown that the formalism of General Relativity can be interpreted in several different ways and,consequently, its teaching is very problematic. The present contribution is an example of a reconstruction of thedebate concerning the foundations of General Relativity on the basis of cultural and educational criteria.In particular, the debate will be presented as guided by the concept of space, and by the different perspectives from whichsuch a concept can be viewed. It will be pointed out that the various ways of looking at space give powerfulcriteria not only to create an order among the interpretations, but also to exploit the educational and culturalvalue of the debate. 相似文献
20.
创新教育理念下开展物理学史教育的探索 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
文章分析了在物理实验领域加强学生创新能力的培养教育的重要性和必要性,撰写、出版融会有物理学史内容的大学物理实验教材,奠定了在实验课程中开展创新能力教育的基础。把物理学史引入大学物理实验教学,结合实验内容开展创新能力培养教育活动,十分有利于创新人才的培养,开辟了创新教育的新途径。 相似文献