共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 15 毫秒
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For the last 70 years, since the establishment of the Republic of Korea, Korean education has achieved universal expansion of educational opportunity from elementary to secondary to higher education. Planning, centralized policy making, top-down implementation, and administrative control had been the standards of the first few decades of Korean education. The so-called May 31 education reform implemented in 1995 made a turning point for these approaches to education policy and administration by highlighting autonomy, openness, diversity, accountability, consumer centeredness, market control, and governance for quality education. However, these government-driven education reform initiatives have resulted in limiting the expected outcomes. In this paper, the authors call for a new approach to education policy and administration and propose supporting school innovation, empowering an internal accountability system in governance. The authors also suggest a search for normative values for democratic communitarianism as a new philosophical foundation of education policy framework, beyond instrumental values of education. 相似文献
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Roger King 《Higher Education》2010,60(6):583-594
This article analyzes policy convergence and the adoption of globalizing models by higher education states, a process we describe,
following Thatcher (2007), as policy internationalization. This refers to processes found in many policy domains and which increasingly are exemplified
in tertiary education systems too. The focus is on governmental policymakers, their transnational networks, and the dilemmas
they face in responding to the increasing global diffusion of governance models, such as the new public management. The notion
of structuration is introduced to convey the inextricability of autonomy and structural constraint for decisionmakers in globally-situated
higher education states. Primary aims are to understand the forces that drive policy internationalization, not least those
associated with network power, as well as those factors that generate the basis for continuing forms of localism. It is suggested
national policy ‘divergences’ may aid the worldwide diffusion of governance models rather than necessarily act as impediments. 相似文献
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问责是高等继续教育治理的重要组成部分,问真责、真问责应成为高等继续教育治理的新常态。我国高等继续教育问责机制随高等继续教育政策变迁而不断变迁。目前我国高等继续教育问责机制存在问责政策模糊、问责主体单一、问责标准不一、有责不问、问责不严不深等现实困境。新时代高等继续教育问责机制的改革方向是加强问责立法保障,构建多元问责体系,细化问责标准,强化有责必问、有问必实。 相似文献
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从欧洲的三个国家看--大学与政府关系的变化 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
JefC．Verhoeven 《清华大学教育研究》2003,24(5):1-8
近十年来,西欧的政策呈现出放松管制、组织自治和标榜对个体公民更加关切的特点。这种政策态度在欧洲的高等教育界成了主流意识形态。本文想要展示的是,是否一些欧盟政府在管理高等教育方面采取了“后退”的作法,是否将制定高等教育政策作为自己的目标。欧洲政府的高等教育政策是否真的呈现分权化的特点?本文将对三个欧洲国家的高教政策进行讨论,它们分别具有不同的政策传统：法国(非常集权的政策传统)、英国(分权的政策传统)、比利时(集权的政策传统)。本文的研究结论是：到目前为止,法国的教育政策虽然还呈现集权的特点,但并不意味着高校完全没有选择它们发展方向的空间。而英国大学虽然仍独立于政府,但不止一次地被政府直接或非直接地推向某一特定方向。1989年以前,比利时(佛兰德区)保留着明显的集权的特点。而现在,高等教育政策已经不仅仅是政府的事情了,它比以往任何时候更成了私人机构的职责。 相似文献
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Kiyong Byun 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2008,9(2):190-205
The purpose of this study is to analyze changing patterns of governance in Korean higher education through the window of the NPM, so as to compare policy developments in Korea to wider international trends. Building upon Braun & Merrien (1999)’s earlier analytical framework on university governance, the study focuses on the following dimensions in analyzing the Korean case: (1) the belief system of the government regarding the role of universities; (2) the university-state relationship in terms of both ‘procedural’ and ‘substantive’ autonomy; and (3) the distribution of power and authority within individual universities. The results of the analysis suggest that, although some typical elements of the NPM governance model can be found, the NPM principles have yet to be firmly incorporated into Korean higher education. The study argues that the main reasons for this retardation in the implementation of the NPM driven reforms in Korea would be: (1) the general cynical attitude of professors towards the NPM governance model which was considered as the legacy of the former military regime and (2) the lack of a necessary coherence of government policies over the past two decades (i.e., the heavy emphasis on accountability without an accompanying increase in institutional autonomy). The study recommends, as a conclusion, that a more systematic and integrated implementation strategy would be needed so as to create the necessary preconditions for the NPM principles to be able to work properly in Korean higher education. 相似文献
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The article argues that there is no single globalisation of education systems, but rather multiple globalisations of each system taken in its individual context. We propose three explanatory factors to account for these vernacular globalisation processes, that is, for individual policy trajectories in each national context: path dependence on earlier policy choices and institutions, education policy-making through bricolage, and finally the translation by national actors of international-level ideas or tools as a function of the debate, institutions or national power dynamics in question. The research design is based on the study of a most-likely case: accountability policy in two school systems – France and Quebec – which show strong variations. Document analyses and semi-structured interviews were conducted in both cases. In the two countries, distinct vernacular globalisations are at work leading to different neo-statist accountability policies. In Quebec, the reinforcement of state power through a growing vertical accountability and the systematic development of regulation tools between policy actors and levels lead to a ‘centralisation by institutional linkage’. In France, we rather witness a ‘globalisation by discursive internalisation’ in which transnational imperatives are integrated in official discourses on the regulation of the education system, but without radically questioning the mainstays of this regulation. 相似文献
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This article contributes to the emerging theoretical construct of what has been called ‘transnational academic capitalism’, characterised by the blurring of traditional boundaries between public, private, local, regional and international, and between market-driven and critically transformative higher education visions. Here we examine how these issues are reflected in higher education policy in the Arab Gulf, asking: what kinds of capital are being constructed and traded? By and for whom? What is the relationship between higher education competition, governance and the public good? We find contradictory trends, which we see as strategic ambivalence pointing to country-specific readings of similar regional markets and attempts to hedge bets between rival forms of apparent capital. The exploration offers a counterpoint to more widely cited examples, hereby helping to shape new paradigmatic ‘glocalised’ understandings of this field. 相似文献
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高等教育外部治理萌发于中世纪,伴随着民族国家的兴起得以强化,并逐渐成为影响高等教育发展的一种显性因素。从未来发展和演化趋势来看,高等教育外部治理仍处在不断发展、变革、调试和演化之中,但基本范畴归根结底是由一系列要素勾连形成的一整套治理架构,这些要素包括价值与行动、制度与机制等多重维度。当前中国高等教育外部治理现代化依然面临诸多现实困境,如何在博弈中寻求管理和自治的平衡,形成大学、政府、市场的有效联结,仍是未来高等教育外部治理领域的重要议题。 相似文献
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Amanda Keddie 《Journal of educational administration and history》2015,47(1):1-17
English education has recently experienced radical policy reform in the areas of school autonomy and accountability. The key focus of this paper is on how schools might best navigate through these policy moves. It highlights how these moves have constructed schools, teachers and students in problematic ways but also how they are offering possibilities for improving the quality of schools and schooling. The focus here is on the promise and scope of school collaboration. The difficulties of creating socially responsive and responsible collaboratives in the current ‘heterarchical’ and market-oriented policy environment are acknowledged. Guided by quality democratic governance, they are, nonetheless, presented as crucial in supporting schools to productively deal with the demands of this environment. 相似文献
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大学自主是近年来政府在分权范式下所采取的一项颇具普适性和影响力的高等教育政策.通过对大学自主政策及其活动的事实判断进行价值分析,我们发现大学自主的核心价值主要体现为:竞争,选择,消费者至上,等价交换,质量,效率、效益和效能,绩效责任,放松管制和分散决策,资金来源的多元化,政府资助方式的改变,成本分担和使用者付费,而这些凸现的都是市场价值.因此,市场本位是大学自主的实质. 相似文献
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从精英阶段、大众化阶段到普及化阶段,研究型大学的治理发生了较大变化,主要特征是从学者治理发展为学校治理再发展到学术治理。治理变迁与研究型大学的内外部动力机制变化密切相关：单一外部机制和静态内部机制造就学者治理,多重外部机制和稳态内部机制要求学校治理,多重外部机制和动态内部机制催生学术治理。当前研究型大学的治理普遍面临内部自由探索与外部问责张力加强、全球规范机制与本国实践矛盾加深这两大时代挑战,中国研究型大学要回应好普及化时代的挑战,先要涵育理性、自主的现代品质。 相似文献
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苏联解体以来,自治与问责历史性地结合在一起,成为俄罗斯高等教育治理变革的双重向度。一方面,俄罗斯发生了史无前例的扩大大学自主权的变革,大学获得了前所未有的学术自主权、行政自主权和财政自主权;另一方面,发生了大规模的"问责运动",强调利益相关者共同参与,以质量为问责核心内容,多种问责方式并存,以应答和奖惩相结合的方式处理问责结果。同时,这一变革注重在自治与问责之间建立相对平衡,这种平衡彰显了自治与问责之间天然对立冲突而又统一共生的富有张力的关系。 相似文献
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国外高等教育问责制研究:多重三角模型与思考 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
高等教育问责制的产生和发展具有深厚的社会根源。国外学者从各自的理解出发,对高等教育问责制中的关键要素及其关系进行阐述,由此形成了问责制的多重三角模型。这些模型体现出了大学—政府—社会(市场)之间的基本关系,自治与控制、信任与问责制之间的矛盾是贯穿其中的两条主线。 相似文献
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The main aim of this article is to contribute to the understanding of organizational autonomy and control in higher education reform and related expectations as regards the performance of universities. Our analyses draws on principal-agent models as a normative theory of policy reform, and institutionalist approaches in public policy and institutional design as an analytical theory of policy reform. We discuss how the dominant narrative of political reform moves away from traditional beliefs in university autonomy that are built on institutional trust and linked to professional autonomy. In the emerging narrative of political change, autonomy becomes re-defined as the ‘new organizational autonomy’ of universities as both strategic actors and as an addressee of governmental control. The concept of ‘regulatory autonomy’ captures the use of organizational autonomy of universities as a tool of a new regime of governmental control. Exemplified by the Dutch case, we analyze autonomy policies for strengthening managerial discretion and internal control of universities that are combined with regulatory policies for external control that steer organizational choices. Regulatory autonomy thus aims at aligning universities more closely with governmental goals and improve respective performance. Our literature review shows, however, that there is scarce, inconclusive and methodologically problematic evidence for a link between ‘organizational autonomy and performance’. We point at promising avenues for further research on autonomy and performance as two core concepts in the contemporary higher education debate. 相似文献
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在全球化浪潮下,许多国家的高等教育政策发生了调整,体现出不同程度的市场化、民营化、分权化和问责制走向。这些政策有其共同的实践动力和理论依据,并且相互关联,各自有利有弊。对这些政策的实际效果的批判性分析表明,高等教育的基本价值观不能妥协,政府不能放弃对公共高等教育的责任,高校的办学自主权应当得到保障。 相似文献
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Clara Morgan 《比较教育学》2018,54(3):285-308
Although scholars have examined the effects of global tests on national and regional educational governance, few researchers have studied their impact on education in the Arabian Gulf. This research fills the knowledge gap by studying the international spectacle of PISA, TIMSS and PIRLS results in Qatar and the United Arab Emirates (UAE) – two small rich states at the periphery of knowledge production processes. I argue that an analysis of these narratives reveals how global accountability discourses are translated into the Arabian Gulf context as truth claims that performance in league tables is an accurate and objective representation of educational quality. Four themes emerge from the analysis: integration of test results into national visions; measurement of educational progress based on test results; ranking of student performance; and policy changes to improve test results. In conclusion, I suggest that the over-dependence on global tests in defining educational quality in Qatar and the UAE erodes educational sovereignty and restricts the capacity of small states to develop and nurture alternative, indigenous and localised solutions for guiding educational reforms. 相似文献
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大学自治与高等教育问责之间的关系问题是高等教育领域的一个重要问题,大学自治与有限自治是问责的基础,而问责则是大学自治的必然.随着外部势力对高等教育影响的加深,如何平衡自治与问责之间的关系也变得尤为紧迫.美国的经验是:问责的同时保障大学自治;充分了解大学的学术特征;由中介部门实施问责. 相似文献
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Hans N Weiler 《Compare》2000,30(3):333-339
The construct of the market is an interesting new element in the discourse on higher education in Europe. It has generated serious initiatives in deregulating higher education, in developing performance-based models of resource allocation, in fostering inter-institutional competition and efficient management structures, and even in considering the 'privatisation' of higher education. These developments affect particularly the financing of higher education, where new models of resource generation and allocation, institutional steering and controlling, and accountability are being explored. Within this context, and with a view towards the future of higher education in Europe, four issues are being examined in more detail: formula funding, the mobilisation of external resources, the introduction of tuition fees, and the creation of private institutions of higher education. 相似文献