共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 46 毫秒
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以高碳混合粗脂肪酸和甲醇为原料制备生物柴油．研究了醇酸摩尔比、反应温度、反应时间、催化剂等因素对反应的影响．实验结果表明,最适宜工艺条件为：醇酸摩尔比5：1,反应温度70℃,反应时间6h,催化剂用量1．5％（以原料中脂肪酸质量为基准）,甲醇分三次加入．由高碳混合粗脂肪酸制备的生物柴油,其各项技术指标与国外同类产品标准接近． 相似文献
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在超临界甲醇状态和无催化剂条件下,以松脂为原料进行酯化-裂解反应制备生物柴油。建立了一套超临界化学反应实验装置,给出了反应产物和松脂基生物柴油的在线采样与分析测试方法。采用气-质(GC-MS)仪对380℃、20 MPa下超临界甲醇与松脂酯化-裂解反应产物进行了分析鉴定,并应用GB/T5530—2005等国家标准测定了松脂基生物柴油产品的理化性能。结果表明,所制备的松脂基生物柴油主要成分为甲酯类、烯烃类化合物,还有较少量的芳香烃类、烷烃类和醇酮类等化合物。松脂基生物柴油各项理化性能指标接近或达到现行石化柴油与国内外生物柴油标准;松脂基生物柴油与0#柴油进行复配所得油品密度为859kg/m3,运动黏度(40℃)为5.63 mm2/s,酸值为0.79 mgKOH/g,十六烷指数为49.5,达到石化柴油和生物柴油燃烧性能指标。 相似文献
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新型燃料甲醇-柴油研究及发展趋势 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
综述了甲醇-柴油燃料的发展概况,介绍了甲醇-柴油的乳化和节能环保机理,以及近年来燃料配方的研究进展,其中微乳化甲醇-柴油与普通柴油相比,具有燃烧性能好、能耗低、污染少等优点[0]。并对甲醇-柴油的发展趋势进行了展望。 相似文献
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探讨了从山苍籽核仁油中分离出的月桂酸在微波辐射下,用活性炭磺化制得固体磺化炭作为催化剂与甲醇酯化合成月桂酸甲酯.对月桂酸与甲醇酯化反应条件进行优化,其优化条件是:反应温度为160℃,反应时间20 min,催化剂用量0.1 g.月桂酸甲酯的酯化率达92.97%.产物经过红外光谱表征. 相似文献
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微波辐射下NaHSO4催化制备生物柴油的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的：研究在固体催化制作用下高酸值脂肪酸和甲醇反应制备生物柴油的过程;方法：在微波辐射条件下,研究硫酸氢钠催化脂肪酸和甲醇反应制备生物柴油,考察微波反应时间、醇油物质的量比、催化剂用量对生物柴油产率的影响;结果：实验表明,该反应最适宜的操作条件为微波输出功率160W．微波反应时间60min,醇油物质的量比6：1,催化剂用量5．0g（相对于100g的高酸值脂肪酸）,在此条件下反应产率达到92．34％;结论：固体硫酸氢钠作催化剂可以达到较高的酯转化率,且硫酸氢钠难溶于反应体系易于分离．与传统的水浴加热相比,采用微波辐射加热制备生物柴油的反应速率快、耗能少、产率高。 相似文献
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唐回燕 《岳阳职业技术学院学报》2007,22(4):77-80
α-松油基醚是α-pinene的烷氧基化产物,是一种单萜烯基醚。酸催化单萜烯与脂肪醇的烷氧基化反应得到单萜基醚是合成单萜基醚的一种方法,温度和溶剂都会影响α-松油基醚的生成,合成α-松油基醚的有利条件是:温度为50℃左右,不加溶剂CCl4。 相似文献
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《兰州石化职业技术学院学报》2016,(1)
介绍了柴油低温流动改进剂MM-a的合成和降凝助滤效果,该剂是以甲基丙烯酸酯、马来酸酐为原料(物质的量之比1∶1),以甲苯(原料的1.2倍)为溶剂,以过氧化苯甲酰(1.5%)为引发剂,恒温90℃聚合6h,得二元共聚物(MM),再以对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,用高碳醇进行酯化反应制得。该剂对兰州石化公司的混合柴油的冷滤点降低3℃~5℃。 相似文献
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对不同比例菜籽油柴油燃料测定了基本物性参数和进行了发动机台架试验。台架试验在一台ZS195直喷柴油机上进行。试验结果表明,3种混合燃料的基本物理特性满足柴油机燃料的要求;在2种转速下的油耗率都比纯柴油要高,并且有随菜籽油添加比例的加大油耗率也变大的趋势,但随负荷的增大,这种差距呈下降趋势;在较大工况范围都保持较低的CO排放量,低负荷状态下改善不明显,甚至会增大;高负荷工况下,混合燃料的CO排放降低较多。低转速时,BL10C20D70燃料的HC排放曲线比纯柴油高;高转速下,BL10C20D70燃料的HC排放比纯柴油低。绝大部分工况下,其他混合燃料的HC排放要高于纯柴油。混合燃料的NO x排放都比纯柴油低,并且有随燃料中菜籽油比例的增加,NO x排放进一步降低的趋势。混合燃料的碳烟排放都比纯柴油低,并且全工况范围都保持较低的碳烟排放。 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(5):10-11
Many college freshmen arrive woefully unprepared to do college work, and as disadvantaged populations continue to grow, the share of the American work force that has made it through college is expected to plummet. Many experts blame that educational failure not just on high schools but also on colleges. School & College, a special report by The Chronicle, looks at efforts to fix the system. What reforms would better prepare students for college? What should schools and colleges be doing differently? How should state and federal officials help? 相似文献
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罗艳萍 《读与写:教育教学刊》2008,5(6)
The communication of people partially is the communication of cultures. Culture has a direct effect on international commercial activities in all aspects. Different conceptions about time, space, equality, law and the like, lead people to deal with things in different ways. So to know cultures of the counterpart is to facil-itate our enterprises so as to have a smooth and successful communication in commercial activity. 相似文献
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《海外英语》2007,(4):36
There are numbers of crossroads on our long and unpredictable life journey where we totally have no idea about which direction to choose. No matter what our decision is, we should not turn back, but face the music and go ahead instead. I am this kind of girl who always does try without regretting, one example is how I dealt with my love. 相似文献
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Migration occurs behind a variety of reasons and has a great effect on the whole world. People may migrate in order to improve their economic situation, or in order to escape civil strife, persecution, and environmental disasters. The impact of migration is complex, bringing both benefits anddisadvantages. This paper briefly talks about the causes of migration, the allocation of benefits, and the ways in which individual countries and the international community deal with this important subject. 相似文献
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Sister Carrie is one of the most controversial characters in American literature.Thought as a "fallen woman" firstly,she was defined as a "new woman" by some critics later. However, by digging into the motivaton behind the whole process of Carrie's "success", the relationship between Carrie and her creator (the author), the social conditions of then American, it can be found that Carrie has never been free-standing on her thought and she has never found her real-sdf even after becoming a famous actress. In a society dominated by mass consumerism Carrie is only an adherent of her own desires. She also is a representative of all those country girls flooded into cities, a symbol and a sacrifice of the urbanization of America in a time countryside was overcome by cities. 相似文献
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RUZBEHANI Mohsen 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2004,3(1):20-25
1.IntroductionOne-cyclecontrolmethod,whichwasproposedaboutonedecadeago[1],hasbecomeanattractivemethodinspecialfieldssuchaspowerfactorcorrection[2-6],switchingamplifiers[7,8],etc.Themainideaofthiscontrollerisbasedonintegrationofdiodevoltageinone-cycleandforcesittobeexactlyequaltothereferencevalue.Themainadvantageofthiscontrollerisitsrealtimeabilitytorejectthevariationofinputvoltage[1].Despitethisgreatability,ithasnogoodperformancesinrejectingofloaddisturbanceandfollowingreferencecommands.Espec… 相似文献
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Richard Denner 《海外英语》2007,(4):14-15
Rosco and I wait for the fishermen to return.I sit at a wooden bench near the store at Mt.Baker Resort and watch the clouds change shape. Rosco has my belt around his neck and an eight foot tow chain hooked to a tree. Dogs must be on a leash. Ducks and rabbits are loose. 相似文献