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1.
OLEG V. ALEKSEYEV 《European Journal of Engineering Education》1994,19(3):313-319
Russian higher engineering education is undergoing radical reform caused by the new political and economic situation in Russia. The aim of the reform is to develop a flexible system of engineering education under market economy conditions, considering customer interests and international tendencies in engineering education. The major concepts and principles of a complex system for assessing and monitoring the quality of engineering education are outlined. 相似文献
2.
Yuri A. Bocharov 《European Journal of Engineering Education》1995,20(2):173-181
The paper discusses the experience in practising the video‐based distance education in Russia initiated jointly by the IACEE and the Bauman State Technical University. The structure of the East‐West Distance Education Project has been incorporated into the system of continuing education that existed in the former Soviet Union. The thirteen regional centres have been established in the universities and institutions of the Russian Federation and four other countries of CIS to train specialists needed for emerging market economy. Six video‐based courses of Western universities have been adapted and tested in the CIS educational environment and proved to be effective during the pilot phase of the project. 相似文献
3.
James Muckle 《History of education》2013,42(3):359-381
The outbreak of the First World War and the emergence of Russia as Britain’s ‘glorious ally’ swiftly changed public attitudes in Britain, which had been largely, but not entirely, hostile to Russia. The sense that Britain needed to cure its ‘abysmal ignorance’ of Russia, coupled with the strong desire to replace Germany, the enemy, as a trading partner with Russia led to the initiation of the teaching of the language at eight or more university‐standard establishments. The material and intellectual foundation of the nascent departments of Russian was a partnership between commercial‐financial and academic interests. Money from business sources was crucial in the introduction of Russian teaching at several of them. It was, however, only at Nottingham that the commercial sector actively tried (unsuccessfully) to control the behaviour of the college by restricting promised funding. Meanwhile, partnership with technical schools in recruiting teachers was a significant feature of the introduction of Russian to the higher and further education sector. Staff recruited consisted of both British scholars and expatriate Russians (or other Slavs). Russian departments or divisions were often actively supported within the university by specialists in other fields, who were strongly of the opinion that any serious university system should accommodate the study of a society and culture as significant as that of Russia. When it became clear after the October Revolution that Russia would not continue to support Britain, France and America in the war against Germany, the withdrawal of interest external to the universities did not cause the immediate demise of Russian studies in higher education; they were by this time established firmly enough to survive for intellectual reasons alone, and indeed they survive to this day in most of the institutions discussed here. University College, Nottingham, later to become the University of Nottingham, exemplifies in microcosm the principal trends and features of the national situation. 相似文献
4.
俄罗斯"叫停"部分高校分校的动因分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
虽然俄罗斯政府将教育定义为"商品",使教育产业市场化发展的空间越来越大,但俄罗斯政府决策层却认为国立和私立大学的一些分校的办学条件差,教育质量得不到保证,会影响俄罗斯未来社会的发展.俄罗斯教育产业市场的相关经济数据表明,转型后的俄罗斯是一个充满矛盾的集合体,俄罗斯教育产业的快速市场化就孕育发展在这个充满矛盾的集合体中,"叫停"部分高校分校是一种必然. 相似文献
5.
Natalia S. Ladyzhets 《Higher Education in Europe》1996,21(2-3):132-138
A wide‐ranging discussion of the problems facing Russian higher education in the period of transition is introduced. Although enrollment and employment levels in higher education continue to be high and have not suffered the sorts of cuts as in the other sectors of the Russian economy, much must be done to increase the efficiency of the system. For the author, the key to increased modernization and efficiency is increased reliance on the information technologies in all areas of teaching, learning, and research. She cites the case of World University in California that is completely an on line operation even while arguing that certain elements of traditional higher education should be retained in the Russian Federation. She is persuaded that both humanistic and scientific subjects and programmes can benefit from informatization. The result will be a world‐class higher education system for Russia. 相似文献
6.
办学经费是支撑高等教育健康、有序发展的基础，是高等教育办学质量的保障。俄罗斯高等教育是大众化的。转轨后的俄罗斯受经济发展的影响，出现政府对高等教育资金投入不足等问题。俄罗斯教育最棘手的问题是严重的财政投入问题。一名技术专业的大学生的教育成本每年是2200美元，而国家只能投入500美元。每年俄罗斯有150万人中学毕业。面临如此大的升学压力，多渠道筹措资金成为俄罗斯政府和各高等院校的首要任务并取得一些成效，其有些积极的经验值得我们学习与借鉴。 相似文献
7.
俄罗斯是一个能源大国。但它目前的能源情况是：产量严重滑坡，市场非常混乱，俄罗斯成了世界能源利用率最低的国家之一。造成这一局面的原因主要在于，俄罗斯向私有制转型后，由于法制上的纰漏，政府官员播身一变，成了各类能源寡头。他们大肆抢摊国家能源制高点，导致能源严重流失；此外，俄罗斯虽然巳向市场经济转型，但由于能源寡头排斥和打击外商投资，因此，实际上俄罗新的能源业并没有对外开放，俄政府无法有效地利用外资开发能源。俄罗斯能源的前景取决于新政府怎样解决寡头对能源的垄断问题。 相似文献
8.
苏联的解体不仅给新时期的俄罗斯带来经济和政治上的骤变,而且也深深地影响了俄罗斯人民的文化、科学、教育等方面的生活。作为教育大国的俄罗斯不仅出现了高等教育领域中前所未有的许多新现象,并且还遭遇了许多未曾预见的新问题。 相似文献
9.
牡丹江地区作为黑龙江省对俄战略合作的"桥头堡"与俄罗斯滨海边疆区合作密切,教育是经济发展的保障和人才基础,中俄地区间经济的快速发展要求高等教育的交流与合作必须跟上步伐。试阐述牡丹江地区与俄罗斯滨海边疆区之间开展教育合作的政策、地缘及市场背景,探讨开展高等教育合作的四种主要模式。 相似文献
10.
Alexander A. Kushel 《Higher Education in Europe》1993,18(3):137-140
The development of a market economy in Russia is greatly affecting the structural reform of education. One result is the establishment of non‐state educational institutions which are offering various types of higher education programmes and educational services. This short article describes the possible role of non‐state educational institutions as a part of the general higher education system. 相似文献
11.
12.
随着中俄关系的发展与深入,两国在政治、经济、教育、军事、文化等方面的合作越来越频繁,对俄语翻译人才的需求越来越大,本科院校的俄语专业学生数量已经不能满足市场的需求,应用型本科院校的二外俄语学生是强大的后备力量。为了适应新形势的发展,应用型本科院校需要以培养应用型人才为目标,改革传统的二外俄语教学模式,提高学生的俄语应用能力,培养复合型外语人才。 相似文献
13.
依附与发展:俄罗斯私立高等教育特点评述 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
转型以来,俄罗斯私立高等教育迅速发展.除了具有世界私立高等教育的许多典型特点之外,俄罗斯私立高等教育还有一个独有的特点--公立组织参与创办私立高等教育机构.从俄罗斯转型的特点以及私立高等教育所遭受的认同性危机来看,私立高等教育机构与各种公立组织的依附关系,可能是俄罗斯私立高等教育获得认同以及生存发展的必要条件. 相似文献
14.
苏联解体之后,俄罗斯高等教育体制在政治经济体制转型的影响下发生了巨变,其中一项最突出的变化是,原国家垄断的单一高等教育办学体制终结,非国立高校产生,并迅速发展。对俄罗斯非国立高校的现状、背景和未来发展趋势进行研究分析,对我国高等教育的发展有一定借鉴意义。 相似文献
15.
This paper reflects the current state in Russian education which has a strong correlation with the socio-economic crisis.
The responsibilities for education are held partially by the state and partly by other social institutions and as a whole,
all of them form the system of education. There is a rather wide set of laws, decree statements, and rules about education
in Russia, but they currently are far removed from practical realization. The situation with financing educators, schools,
and universities is very critical at present in Russia. The idea of differentiation and democratization in School Reform has
had both positive and negative effects. To rescue the Russian system of education from a crisis, a strong state policy in
education and a strong system of implementation are required.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
16.
A.B. Sobolev 《Russian Education & Society》2016,58(2):121-132
The article reviews the general context of the situation that has arisen in Russian education after the new provisions of the Federal Law of 29 December 2012 “On Education in the Russian Federation” went into effect. The law has been enacted in response to the need to develop a new concept of teacher education. Currently, about 270 institutions of higher education, about 30 percent of Russian universities, are implementing programs in the field of teacher education, and the proportion is growing. The author presents the main results of monitoring the activities of teacher training institutions in Russia and notes the new content and organizational challenges facing the project of modernizing teacher education. 相似文献
17.
随着欧洲高等教育一体化进程的发展,作为"博洛尼亚进程"签约国之一的俄罗斯的高等教育体系也发生了重大的变化。为了与欧洲的教育体系接轨,俄罗斯恢复了硕士培养和硕士学位授予工作。硕士学位在当今已经逐渐成为俄罗斯高等教育学位体系的重要组成部分,并不断得到公众的认可,成为与俄罗斯传统的专家学位并列的另一高等教育学位体系中的第二级学位。 相似文献
18.
俄罗斯为我国第一大邻国，俄语是目前世界三大语言之一，黑龙江省又为全国俄语教育基地。然而，近几年来，俄语教育出现了停滞不前，甚至衰亡的趋势，俄语人才面临断流，这将对我省乃至我国与俄罗斯在各方面的往来造成不良影响，针对这一现象，本对黑龙江省俄语教育现状进行分析探讨，提出了其发展方向。 相似文献
19.
This article describes the changing face of institutions of higher education in Russia in comparison with other countries. It is shown that the ratios of funding sources for higher education in Russia are similar in structure to those in other countries. However, the absolute amounts of funding from these sources are three times less in Russia than the level of the OECD countries. We analyze the following two strategies that Russian universities have used to cope with reduced public funding: diversification of sources of income and changing the structure of expenses. These strategies have been borrowed from the experience of foreign universities that have reformed their financial management. We identify the following main trends in the financing of Russian higher education: concentration of support on leading universities, reliance on public support for higher education as a main source of funding, and the weak use of public-private partnership mechanisms as well as endowment funds. We provide an assessment of the impact of these trends on the economic position of universities. 相似文献
20.
高欣 《清华大学教育研究》2003,24(6):61-66
全球化和国际化是当今世界高等教育改革与发展的潮流和趋势，它们引发教育体系的新变化，影响大学在社会中的地位和作用，也意味着全球性人才互动进入一个新阶段。在世界经济、科技发展趋向一体化形势下，俄罗斯的高等教育也迈上了国际化轨道。本文以世界范围内的人才流动为主要分析对象，揭示了俄罗斯在教育全球化和国际化形势下对外教育新动向。 相似文献