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1.
This paper extends the line of research attempting to link innovation to economic growth by addressing some unexplored questions. Using global patent data, this paper empirically investigates the importance of both the quantity and quality of innovation on economic growth, controlling for past measures of inventive inputs. Moreover, our research examines how innovation inputs can be translated into per capita growth under the various economic structures and stages of economic development. Based on a sample of 58 countries for the period 1980–2003, our empirical results indicate that countries hosting firms with higher quality patents also have higher economic growth. Furthermore, we have some evidence that those countries that increase the level of patenting also witness a concomitant increase in economic growth. 相似文献
2.
公路桥梁经济跨径浅析与选用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
论述了按建筑材料、施工工艺和结构受力状态等不同方法分类的各种桥梁的优缺点及适用范围,常用公路小桥涵洞、中小桥和大桥的经济跨度和造价比较及选用,指出了在公路建设中,选用桥梁型式时应注意的问题。 相似文献
3.
随着经济全球化的深入发展,区域技术创新能力逐渐成为区域经济增长的源泉和核心竞争优势。在北部湾经济区这一区域合作中,评价和提升区域技术创新能力是实现该区域经济发展的重要手段。本文从专利信息分析的角度,研究了北部湾经济区技术创新能力的现状和存在问题,并提出几点相关建议。 相似文献
4.
环境库兹涅茨曲线描述了经济发展水平与环境质量之间的非线性关系。为了验证经济发展水平与水污染的环境库兹涅茨曲线关系,进一步考察人力资本对曲线的影响,应用系统广义矩估计(SYS-GMM)方法对中国30个省份2007-2017年数据进行实证分析。研究结果表明：第一,经济发展水平与水污染呈倒“U”形的环境库兹涅茨曲线关系；第二,人力资本是环境库兹涅茨曲线移动的“加速”因子,既能够缩小经济增长与水污染同步的“两难”区间,又能够推动经济发展,缩短“爬坡”时间；第三,人力资本是缩小东中西部地区经济差距的重要因素。因此,建议着力形成高级人力资本主导的人力资本结构调整格局,持续推进经济从高速增长向高质量发展转变；着力实施“内培外引”人才战略,以制度激励内生驱动力,实现人力资本的优化配置。 相似文献
5.
鄱阳湖生态经济区生态农业发展现状及对策研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
生态农业作为能够较好克服"人口—资源—环境"矛盾的科学发展模式,逐渐成为实现农业可持续发展的最佳选择,这将成为鄱阳湖生态经济区战略目标实现的有力支撑。鄱阳湖地区应当抓住国家建立鄱阳湖生态经济区和大力发展低碳经济的大好机遇,发挥资源优势,将空间布局和其他产业发展结合起来,积极争取优惠政策和措施,不拘于自身生态农业发展方式和模式选择,敢于创新并探索促进鄱阳湖地区生态农业发展的有效途径。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2022,51(9):104445
Entrepreneurial ecosystems are most often defined as locally bounded networks of institutions and individuals that help entrepreneurs to identify and exploit market opportunities. However, a prerequisite of the ability to exploit an entrepreneurial opportunity is the existence of the opportunity to begin with. In this paper, we propose an approach to representing how entrepreneurial opportunities are embedded in a regional economy. The central methodological contribution of our paper is to introduce the concept of related specialization, which we define as the concentration of high interdependencies between specialized industries within a metropolitan region, relative to the national level of concentration. We find that related specialization is positively correlated with entrepreneurial outcomes across U.S. metropolitan areas. We use related specialization to make a first attempt at representing the trophic structure of an economic ecosystem. In a biological ecosystem, the trophic structure refers to energy-transfer relationships between different species. As introduced in this paper, we propose the analogy that, in an economic ecosystem, the trophic structure may be mapped in terms of the supply-chain relationships between industries within a region. We argue that these analytic tools can help policymakers more readily understand the opportunities that are imminently available to entrepreneurs in their local environments. 相似文献
8.
JAN L. YOUTIE 《The Information Society》2013,29(4):425-437
The information superhighway is depicted as important to maintaining national competitiveness in a global economy. The concept is particularly evident in the state of New Jersey and its legislatively supported plan, Opportunity New Jersey, to deploy advanced telecommunications technologies to all homes and businesses in just 20 yr. This case study of the decision-making process behind the passage of the New Jersey legislation illustrates how telecommunications companies have worked to couple their desire for less regulation with the desire of state officials for economic development, by promising to upgrade the infrastructure of the public network. With the upgrade promise comes a hoped-for economic development payoff in education, through distance learning, in health care, through telemedicine, and especially in new jobs, by attracting information-intensive businesses, like finance and insurance, to relocate in their service areas. The lack of clear connection between infrastructure investments and economic development means that the twenty-first century will come before strategies such as this are proven. 相似文献
9.
Jan L. Youtie 《The Information Society》1996,12(4):425-437
The information superhighway is depicted as important to maintaining national competitiveness in a global economy. The concept is particularly evident in the state of New Jersey and its legislatively supported plan, Opportunity New Jersey, to deploy advanced telecommunications technologies to all homes and businesses in just 20 yr. This case study of the decision-making process behind the passage of the New Jersey legislation illustrates how telecommunications companies have worked to couple their desire for less regulation with the desire of state officials for economic development, by promising to upgrade the infrastructure of the public network. With the upgrade promise comes a hoped-for economic development payoff in education, through distance learning, in health care, through telemedicine, and especially in new jobs, by attracting information-intensive businesses, like finance and insurance, to relocate in their service areas. The lack of clear connection between infrastructure investments and economic development means that the twenty-first century will come before strategies such as this are proven. 相似文献
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The economic impact of technological and organizational innovations. A firm-level analysis 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
By using firm-level data provided by the last round of the (Italian) Community Innovation Survey (CIS4) this paper explores (in a manufacturing-services comparative framework) the relationship between technological and non-technological innovations and their impact on firms’ performances. The empirical evidence presented shows that including the organizational dimension of innovation provides a much more comprehensive picture of the variegated universe of innovation in both macro-sectors. Four distinct innovation modes have been identified on the basis of the ways firms combine technological and non-technological innovations. These different modes of innovation are present and relevant in both manufacturing and service sectors and have been found to have a differentiated impact on firms’ performances. Strategies characterized by the joint introduction of product, process and organizational innovations have been found to give to both manufacturing and service firms a clear competitive advantage vis à vis both non-innovating firms and firms with a narrow approach to innovation. A few significant differences between services and manufacturing firms in the relevance and economic impact of different types of innovation strategies have also been found. 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2022,51(8):104143
The comparative advantage of a location shapes its industrial structure. Current theoretical models based on this principle do not take a stance on how comparative advantages in different industries or locations are related with each other, or what such patterns of relatedness might imply about the evolution of comparative advantage. We build a simple Ricardian-inspired model and show that hidden information on inter-industry and inter-location relatedness can be captured by simple correlations between the observed structure of industries across locations, or the structure of locations across industries. We then use this recovered information to calculate a measure of implied comparative advantage, and show that it explains much of the location’s current industrial structure. We give evidence that these patterns are present in a wide variety of contexts, namely the export of goods (internationally) and the employment, payroll and number of establishments across the industries of subnational regions (in the US, Chile and India). In each of these cases, the deviations between the observed and implied comparative advantage in the past tend to be highly predictive of future industry growth, especially at horizons of a decade or more; this explanatory power holds at both the intensive as well as the extensive margin. These results suggest that a component of the long-term evolution of comparative advantage is already implied in today’s patterns of production. 相似文献
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基于多目标规划的城市水资源应急管理模型研究 总被引：3，自引：3，他引：0
分析了应急状态下,因水资源短缺而造成的经济效益和社会效益损失,构建了经济效益和社会效益测算模型,并以两者耦合的综合效益为目标函数,建立了应急水资源配置模型.分别采用效益分摊系数法、扣除非水成本法、投入产出分析法分析了水资源经济效益系数,指出在城市水资源应急配置中应采用效益分摊系数法更为准确;采用三标度判断矩阵计算了苏州市供水优先次序,以2007年苏州市居民生活及造纸、食品、冶金、电子信息、化工和纺织六大主要行业供、需水量为依据,验证了以综合效益最大为目标函数的应急水资源管理模型,计算了2007年苏州市不同应急状态下各类效益损失情况,其中Ⅱ级状态下经济效益、综合效益损失分别为:29.2亿元和38.35亿元.计算结果表明:与2007年无锡爆发的蓝藻事件产生的经济、社会效益损失相近,模型具有较高的准确性.并以此为基础,进一步推算了2015年、2020年、2025年苏州不同应急状态下因水资源短缺而造成的经济、社会及综合效益损失,并给出了相应的水资源应急配置方案. 相似文献
14.
根据我国1995-2012年间技术进步、金融发展与经济增长的相关统计数据,采用静态分析和动态模拟的方法进行综合分析。研究结果发现,从长期来看,技术进步对经济增长具有显著的正向效应;金融发展与经济增长呈相互促进关系;从短期来看,技术进步对经济增长的脉冲响应是先负向后正向,存在"滞后效应",金融发展是经济增长的格兰杰原因;技术进步与金融发展之间的影响不明显。 相似文献
15.
Nikhil Bhattacharya 《The Information Society》2013,29(4):208-227
This essay analyzes how the university arrived at its present crisis regarding research and teaching, especially in the sciences. The medieval university began as a teaching institution for training in three professions: law, medicine, and theology, along with a preparatory arts program. In the 19th century, universities in absolutist German states added research in natural and social sciences. However, the cultures of research institutions and teaching schools proved difficult to integrate outside of Germany. Moreover, our present market economy and democratic polity differ dramatically from the cultural contexts that gave rise to earlier models. We therefore need to rethink the future of teaching and research in contemporary universities to determine how the enterprise might be sustainable in any recognizable form. The goal of this historical and critical inquiry is to better understand how contemporary university teaching and research might be supported, given today's very different political and economic circumstances. 相似文献
16.
面对资源环境问题给经济社会的可持续发展所带来的瓶颈与短板,绿色创新成为衡量一个国家和地区持续竞争优势的重要标志。本文基于经济—环境—社会(EES)协调发展的理念,在明确绿色创新内涵和价值维度的基础上,将绿色创新绩效分解为经济绩效、环境绩效和社会绩效,并运用投影寻踪模型和协调发展度模型,以环渤海经济带为例进行绩效评价,进而分析绿色创新水平的区域差异及各维度的协调发展程度,为进一步提高绿色创新绩效提供理论与实践参考。 相似文献
17.
鄱阳湖地区城市资源环境与经济协调发展评价 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
在鄱阳湖地区城市化和经济快速发展过程中,资源环境对经济增长的影响越来越凸显。本文基于这种背景,构建了鄱阳湖地区城市资源环境质量及经济发展水平综合评价的指标体系,采用主成分赋权法和模糊隶属度函数法,对2007年,2008年,2009年这3年鄱阳湖地区6个城市（南昌、景德镇、九江、新余、鹰潭、抚州）的资源环境质量和经济发展水平进行综合评价。在此基础上,给出资源环境和城市经济发展的协调度与协调发展度的计算模型,并划分出协调发展类型,对协调性进行了实证分析。结果表明：鄱阳湖地区6个城市资源环境质量与经济发展水平之间协调性存在较大差别,南昌属于良好协调发展类资源滞后型,新余属于勉强协调发展类资源滞后型,景德镇属于勉强协调发展类经济滞后型,九江属于勉强协调发展类经济滞后型,鹰潭和抚州都属于中度失调衰退类经济受损型。 相似文献
18.
推动经济技术开发区转型升级从而提高其生产效率是江西省跨越“中等收入陷阱”,最终实现全面小康的必然要求。本文建立了江西省13个国家级经济技术开发区的生产要素投入效率评价模型,并运用Malmquist指数模型与动态面板数据模型研究各个生产要素对园区工业经济增长的影响。研究认为：(1)江西省国家级经济技术开发区的全要素生产率较高,其中技术进步在推动全要素生产率提高方面发挥主导作用,属于增长型园区;(2)江西省国家级经济技术开发区工业经济增长表现出惯性特征,资金与劳动投入对工业经济增长表现出正向促进作用,其中劳动的影响弹性大于资金的影响弹性;(3)园区企业个数对工业经济增长的影响弹性为负,盲目招商引资并不会显著带动经济增长。最后,本文依据研究结果对江西省国家级经济技术开发区如何实现转型升级提出了相应政策建议。 相似文献
19.
党的十九大报告强调,推动经济发展质量变革、效率变革、动力变革,提高全要素生产率,从而为不断增强我国经济创新力和竞争力。本文运用双阶段的DEA方法,将高技术产业的创新过程分为研发产出阶段和经济转化阶段,测算2006-2015年间浙江省11个城市的高技术产业的创新效率,研究在高技术产业创新过程中的不同阶段,各个城市的效率值的大小。结果表明浙江省各个城市的在不同阶段存在投入资源不匹配,投入冗余情况。根据实证结果,对浙江省如何提高高技术产业的创新效率提出了建议。 相似文献
20.
李静娟 《科学．经济．社会》2010,28(4):131-134
实现我国经济发展方式转变,是贯彻落实科学发展观的一项重大战略任务,也是实现可持续发展的必然选择。综观新中国占主导地位的发展观,经历了赶超式发展观、以经济建设为中心的发展观、可持续发展观到科学发展观的演变。在科学发展观统率下,必须实现从初放型的经济增长方式向依靠科技进步、提高劳动者素质的经济发展方式转变,确立＂又好又快＂的经济发展新模式,改变发展理念,从＂以物为本＂转变到＂以人为本＂,不断满足人民群众的物质文化需求,推进全面建设小康社会和中国特色社会主义现代化的历史进程,最终达到使人全面发展的理想社会。 相似文献