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在识记英语单词的过程中,要善于抓住规律,帮助理解和记忆,在句子中掌握词的用法,记忆单词。通过大量的阅读,在语篇中丰富词汇量。 相似文献
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李慧凌 《中国教育科研与探索》2008,(5)
词汇是组成句子、文章最基本的要素,词汇量的多少直接影响着学生的阅读和理解能力,在教学过程中我发现学生普遍感到困难的是记忆单词。帮助学生在单位时间内高效率地牢牢记住所学的词汇,既能既减轻学生的负担,又提高教学质量,这是我们每位英语教师要研究的问题。那么,应该如何在课堂教学中有意识地培养学生记忆的能力呢？ 相似文献
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在高职英语教学过程中,学生记忆一定数量的英语单词、句子、段落对于激发英语学习兴趣和提高英语水平显得尤为重要,记忆标识的引进对于学生确切有效的实现英语记忆是不可或缺的环节。教师可以通过传授给学生记忆标识的确定方法和记忆标识的确定标准,并在课堂中给出一定的演示和说明,从而实现有意识的强调并让学生采用记忆标识这一技巧来提高学习效率。 相似文献
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一、扩展式教学的内涵扩展式教学法通常指在语言类课堂中,在教师指导下,学生借助板书、图片、数据等形象化教学手段,不断由词扩展到词组、句子、然后再由句子扩展到句群或段落,最后由段落联成课文的方法。这一过程是由教师和学生参与的互动过程。通过师生的共同努力,学生经过感知——理解——记忆——模仿训练,能较快的将书面语言变成自己的语言,准确的运用于 相似文献
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在中学历史教学过程中,记忆能力的培养是非常重要的且是历史学习的基础性内容。记忆与理解、应用是相辅相成的。所以说,"记忆、理解、应用"的教学理念和行为应当充分融入到历史教育教学过程中,这是有效提高素质教育与历史学习能力的有效途径。 相似文献
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阅读在小学的课程中是十分重要的一个环节,它在使无声的书面语言变成有声有色的口头语言的过程中,眼、口、耳、脑等多种感官并用。既可以促进学生对知识的理解和记忆,又可以帮助学生积累大量的词汇和句子,提高学生的理解能力和表达能力,这就是"书读百遍,其义自见"的道理。显然,注重阅读教学中的阅读指导,是每个语文教师应尽的职责。 相似文献
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英汉翻译过程包括理解和表达这两个重要阶段。只有在正确理解原文句子的基础上,才能正确地表达原文。该文将从名词性从句、形容词性从句、副词性从句、被动句和长句等五个方面阐述英汉句子翻译的诀窍,旨在帮助英语学习者能够快速理解和准确掌握英汉句子翻译中的转换策略。 相似文献
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In this study, we explored the relationship between beginning readers' phonological awareness and other aspects of phonological processing, specifically as manifested in short-term memory and comprehension tasks. The theoretical questions underlying the study were (a) what roles phonological processes play in children's beginning reading, from word identification through sentence comprehension, and (b) whether those roles are sufficiently related that potential difficulties at one level directly affect processing at other levels. Phonologically induced effects were observed for word-list memory and for sentence judgments for both novice readers (at the end of kindergarten) and relatively more experienced readers (end of Grades 1 and 2). For both age groups, correlational analyses revealed relationships among phonological awareness, phonological processing in list memory, and word reading. However, phonological processing in sentence comprehension was not related to other types of phonological processing. These results indicate that although phonology plays a role during comprehension, phonological processing may not be as limiting a factor in comprehension as in word reading. 相似文献
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This study investigated the relationship between syntactic comprehension at the sentence level and text-level comprehension. The study isolated the specific contribution of syntax by asking whether sentence comprehension efficiency of difficult syntactic constructions explained variance in text comprehension after controlling for sentence comprehension efficiency of basic constructions with similar semantic complexity. Seventy-three Grade 5 students completed assessments of text comprehension; basic and difficult written sentence comprehension efficiency; and control measures of decoding fluency, vocabulary, and verbal memory. Efficiency measures were used to assess individual differences in basic sentence comprehension with accuracy near ceiling. Difficult sentence comprehension efficiency explained 6% unique variance in text comprehension after controlling for basic sentence comprehension efficiency and other controls. Thus, the results show that individual differences in the ability to establish sentence meaning from syntactic information are related to text comprehension. 相似文献
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The present study was designed to investigate the influence of syntactic complexity on sentence comprehension in Hebrew. Participants were 40 native Hebrew-speaking 5th grade dyslexic and normally reading children aged 10–11 years. Childrens syntactic abilities were tested by three experimental measures: syntactic judgment, a sentence-picture matching task, and a sentence correction task. Each task consisted of sentences composed of five syntactic constructions varying in the level of syntactic complexity (active, passive, conjoined, object-subject relative, and subject-object relative). The length of sentences and the number of propositions in the sentences were controlled. In addition, a wide range of the childrens reading and general abilities (e.g., reading comprehension, phonological awareness, and working memory) was examined. The results indicated that dyslexic readers were less accurate and slower than good readers in all reading tasks and in the tasks on sentence comprehension. The findings suggest that the factor of syntactic complexity seems to be a relatively independent aspect of sentence comprehension. This aspect of sentence comprehension is probably not affected in dyslexic readers. Rather, processing deficit related to phonological and memory impairments of dyslexic children and their ability to process syntactic information is responsible for the difficulties in sentence comprehension. 相似文献
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The focus of the present study was on the mediation and moderation effects of reading processes as evidenced from eye movements on the relation between cognitive and linguistic student characteristics (word decoding, vocabulary, comprehension skill, short-term memory, working memory, and nonverbal intelligence) and text comprehension. Forty 4th graders read 4 explanatory texts and afterward answered text comprehension questions. During their reading, eye-movements of gaze, look back, and second pass duration were examined for the heading, first sentence, and final sentence. The result show differential effects of reader and text characteristics on skipping probability, driven by decoding and nonverbal intelligence. Regression probability and regression path duration are also influenced by decoding. Concluding, this study shows reading behaviour to be related to both students’ skills and text comprehension measures. 相似文献
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屈社明 《西安文理学院学报》2002,17(3):39-41,49
语言表达的基本形式是句子。句子是独立表达比较完整语义的语言结构单位。句子理解是语言理解的重要方面。句法分析又是理解句子的重要技巧 ,它是指从语法上分析词或句子 ,将句子划分成若干不同的语法成份。句法分析在解决CET4翻译和语法测试题时是一个行之有效的策略。 相似文献
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工作记忆与学习能力的关系 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
工作记忆是一种对信息进行暂时加工和贮存的能量有限的记忆系统,工作记忆通过阅读理解、写作和数学问题解决而影响学生的学习能力。语音回路对阅读的影响更多地体现在复杂句子结构的理解上,中央执行功能在语言意义的加工过程中起着更大的作用,写作能力的逐步完善与工作记忆能力的增长密不可分,工作记忆的三个成分对简单和复杂数学问题解决都产生重要影响。 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to compare the contribution of two different versions of working memory to word reading and reading comprehension in relation to phonological awareness and rapid naming speed. Fifty children were administered two measures of working memory, namely an adaptation of the Daneman and Carpenter sentence span task and Sentence Question, tests of phonological awareness, rapid naming speed, word reading and reading comprehension. The results indicated that Sentence Question accounted for unique variance over and beyond the effects of Daneman and Carpenter's sentence span task, whereas the latter did not when the effects of Sentence Question were partialled out. In addition, both phonological awareness and rapid naming were accounting for unique variance beyond the effects of working memory in predicting reading. The role of working memory on reading is discussed, and future directions for research are suggested. 相似文献
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Marcia A. Barnes Yusra Ahmed Amy Barth David J. Francis 《Scientific Studies of Reading》2015,19(4):253-272
The integration of knowledge during reading was tested in 1,109 secondary school students. Reading times for the second sentence in a pair (Jane’s headache went away) were compared in conditions where the first sentence was either causally or temporally related to the first sentence (Jane took an aspirin vs. Jane looked for an aspirin). Mixed-effects explanatory item response models revealed that at higher comprehension levels, sentences were read more quickly in the causal condition. There were no condition-related reading time differences at lower comprehension levels. This interaction held with comprehension- and inference-related factors (working memory, word and world knowledge, and word reading efficiency) in the models. Less skilled comprehenders have difficulty in knowledge-text integration processes that facilitate sentence processing during reading. 相似文献
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雷亚妮 《四川教育学院学报》2010,26(10):66-69
作为关联理论的一个重要概念,认知语境强调了听话者在交际中发挥的认知主体作用。在话语理解过程中,交际双方在认知语境上越趋同,交际就越成功。以该理论为基础所引入的趋同性认知语境概念,突显了＂最大化互动-渐进性趋同-最大化相似＂理念,呈现了如何定位英语阅读理解中的词汇、短语、句子及篇章意义及如何在阅读教学中帮助学习者建构趋同性认知语境。 相似文献
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The scrambling complexity hypothesis based on working memory or locality accounts as well as syntactic accounts have proposed
that processing a scrambled structure is difficult. However, the locus of this difficulty in sentence processing remains debatable.
Several studies on multiple languages have explored the effect of scrambling on sentence processing and not all languages
have shown an advantage for the canonical word order. Using a self-paced reading paradigm, we studied the effect of scrambling
on semantic anomaly detection in Hindi sentence comprehension employing three word order types. Reading times on critical
verbs, judgment latency, and error rates showed significant effect of word order type. The results further revealed significant
interactions between word order and anomaly type. The patterns of results suggest that the canonical word order does not necessarily
have a processing advantage in terms of speed and accuracy over non-canonical orders and do not provide support to sentence
processing accounts that assume an advantage for canonical structures. The results indicate that processing speed depends
on the distance between the subject and the verb, thus supporting a locality dependent working memory based model of sentence
processing. The results provide evidence for the role of specific cognitive processes in Hindi sentence processing with further
implications for language and literacy acquisition in Hindi. 相似文献