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1.
Massimo Pigliucci 《Science & Education》2013,22(1):49-67
It is an unfortunate fact of academic life that there is a sharp divide between science and philosophy, with scientists often being openly dismissive of philosophy, and philosophers being equally contemptuous of the naiveté of scientists when it comes to the philosophical underpinnings of their own discipline. In this paper I explore the possibility of reducing the distance between the two sides by introducing science students to some interesting philosophical aspects of research in evolutionary biology, using biological theories of the origin of religion as an example. I show that philosophy is both a discipline in its own right as well as one that has interesting implications for the understanding and practice of science. While the goal is certainly not to turn science students into philosophers, the idea is that both disciplines cannot but benefit from a mutual dialogue that starts as soon as possible, in the classroom. 相似文献
2.
Ian Davies 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(14):1751-1763
I argue that there is potential for collaborative work between science educators and citizenship educators. However, following comments about that potential, I raise a number of challenges. Those challenges relate to the public perception of science, narrow academic perspectives of some science educators, and problematic attempts to develop a form of science education that, at times, some have claimed is relevant to — or, even, a form of — citizenship education. The latter point is considered with reference to some science educators’ perceptions concerning the nature of citizenship and citizenship education. I argue that the perceptions of some science educators seem to suggest significant differences in understanding from at least some of those who would regard themselves as citizenship education specialists. In the final main section of the article, I suggest, briefly, some ways in which further work to develop collaboration between science educators and citizenship educators could be considered. 相似文献
3.
Kathryn Scantlebury Dale Baker Ayumi Sugi Atsushi Yoshida Sibel Uysal 《International Journal of Science and Mathematics Education》2007,5(3):415-438
This paper describes how the patriarchal structure of Japanese society and its notions of women, femininity, and gendered
stereotypes produced strong cultural barriers to increasing the participation of females in science education. Baseline data
on attitudes toward science and the perceptions of gender issues in science education, academic major and career choice were
collected from 175 university students (124 female, 51 male). Students responded to a Likert scale that included the option
“I don't understand the question”. All respondents took advantage of the option for items related to gender issues. On some
items up to 67% of the males responded that they did not understand the question. Females in science choosing this option
did not exceed 19%. In Japan, gender is an invisible, pervasive construct that impacts females' participation in science and
science education. In other ways, attitudes toward science among Japanese students mirrored those found in the United States
and in other countries. Respondents held the most favorable views of science when they were in elementary school and females
preferred biology while males preferred the physical sciences. The exception to the Western pattern of liking science and
science teachers is that male non-science majors rather than female non-science majors reported poor academic performance
in elementary school, declining attitudes in middle school, and they held the most negative attitudes toward their science
teacher and science subjects. 相似文献
4.
人文社科学报是中国先进文化的重要载体。人文社科学报工作者应当正确理解先进文化的内涵，把握文化的前进方向；扶持人文社科研究，激发文化创新活力；加强学报自身建设，提高文化储存质量；推进学术交流合作，拓展文化消费层面。从而为发展、积累、传播中国的先进文化做出应有的贡献。 相似文献
5.
6.
The aim of this study is to contribute to an understanding of how curricular change is accomplished in practice, including the positions and conflicts of key stakeholders and participants, and their actions in the process. As a case, we study the treatment of energy in Swedish secondary curricula in the period 1962–2011 and, in particular, how the notion of energy quality was introduced in the curricula in an energy course at upper secondary school in 1983 and in physics at lower secondary school in 1994. In the analysis, we use Roberts’ two competing visions of science education, Vision I in which school science subjects largely mirror their corresponding academic disciplines and Vision II that incorporates societal matters of science. In addition, a newly suggested Vision III represents a critical perspective on science education. Our analysis shows how Vision II and III aspects of science education have gained importance in curricula since the 1980s, but in competition with Vision I considerations. Energy quality played a central role in providing Vision II and III arguments in the curricular debate on energy teaching. Subsequent educational research has found that Swedish teachers and students struggle with how to relate to energy quality in physics teaching, which we explain as partly due to the tension between the competing visions. 相似文献
7.
XU Wei-wei 《海外英语》2014,(3):209-210
Academic paper as a genre is communicative.Interactional metadiscourse is one of the linguistic features that can significantly show the communicative feature of texts.With different research methodologies and characteristics,academic papers of hard and soft science present different degree of communicative features.The corpus of this study consists of 16 academic papers among which 8 are from hard science and 8 from soft science.This article aims to explore the different ways of scholars from soft and hard science to use metadiscourse in the conclusion part of their academic papers to exert lights to the pedagogical development of academic papers. 相似文献
8.
When a liberal arts college decides to include computer science as one of its academic disciplines, a number of questions arise. What is an appropriate curriculum? What sort of laboratory support does this new discipline need? How does a small liberal arts school attract, retain, and evaluate faculty in this area? Do computer science faculty become a separate department or remain joined with mathematics or some other discipline? In short, what must be done to put computer science on equal footing with mathematics and other scientific disciplines? This paper addresses these questions. 相似文献
9.
Erica McWilliam Philip Poronnik Peter G. Taylor 《Journal of Science Education and Technology》2008,17(3):226-235
This article takes as its starting point the ongoing downturn in student interest in, and engagement with, the enabling sciences.
We make a case that embedding of creative pedagogies in science education has significant potential to arrest the flight from
modern science. Five propositions are explored in order to argue the case: that young people are more engaged by active tasks
than with a passive consumption approach to transfer of core knowledge; that it is boredom, not rigour, that disengages them––the
difference is between static and dynamic sources of knowledge; that creativity is not the antithesis of scientific rigour
but the core business of scientific thinking; that we now have new understandings of creative pedagogies that make teaching
strategies visible and effective; and, that these strategies can build academic, digital and social capacity simultaneously
and this is the new core business of the science educator. We conclude by flagging implications for leading such pedagogical
change in science faculties. 相似文献
10.
Roland M. Schulz 《Science & Education》2009,18(3-4):225-249
The call for reforms in science education has been ongoing for a century, with new movements and approaches continuously reshaping the identity and values of the discipline. The HPS movement has an equally long history and taken part in the debates defining its purpose and revising curriculum. Its limited success, however, is due not only to competition with alternative visions and paradigms (e.g. STS, multi-culturalism, constructivism, traditionalism) which deadlock implementation, and which have led to conflicting meanings of scientific literacy, but the inability to rise above the debate. At issue is a fundamental problem plaguing science education at the school level, one it shares with education in general. It is my contention that it requires a guiding “metatheory” of education that can appropriately distance itself from the dual dependencies of metatheories in psychology and the demands of socialization—especially as articulated in most common conceptions of scientific literacy tied to citizenship. I offer as a suggestion Egan’s cultural-linguistic theory as a metatheory to help resolve the impasse. I hope to make reformers familiar with his important ideas in general and more specifically, to show how they can complement HPS rationales and reinforce the work of those researchers who have emphasized the value of narrative in learning science. This will be elaborated in Part II of a supplemental paper to the present one. As a prerequisite to presenting Egan’s metatheory I first raise the issue of the need for a conceptual shift back to philosophy of education within the discipline, and thereto, on developing and demarcating true educational theories (essentially neglected since Hirst). In the same vein it is suggested a new research field should be opened with the express purpose of developing a discipline-specific “philosophy of science education” (largely neglected since Dewey) which could in addition serve to reinforce science education’s growing sense of academic autonomy and independence from socio-economic demands. 相似文献
11.
David E. Long 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2013,8(1):25-38
A college science education instructor tells his students he rejects evolution. What should we think? The scene unfolds in one of the largest urban centers in the world. If we are surprised, why? Expanding on Federica Raia’s (2012) first-hand experience with this scenario, I broaden her discussion by considering the complexity of science education in a secular age. Enjoining Raia within the framework of Charles Taylor’s A Secular Age, I task the science education community to consider the broad strokes of science, religious faith, and the complexity of modernity in its evolving, hybridized forms. Building upon anthropological approaches to science education research, I articulate a framework to more fully account for who, globally, is a Creationist, and what this means for our views of ethically responsive science education. 相似文献
12.
《Exceptionality》2013,21(3):175-191
In the current climate of accountability and research-based practices in reading instruction, professional development is often identified as one of the key elements needed to change the trajectory of progress for struggling readers and to ensure their ongoing success. Research on teacher quality and its impact on student achievement seems to suggest that teacher quality has a significant effect on student academic achievement. Although enhancing teachers' effectiveness has been the subject of much interest and fascinating speculation, there has been little empirical research to document the factors that make professional development optimally effective. The purpose of this article is to propose a conceptual framework of factors that support professional development and sustain its impact on reading improvement. In addition, I suggest several important questions that could be answered if a science of professional development is realized. 相似文献
13.
The purpose of this article is to report findings from an ethnographic study that focused on the co‐development of science literacy and academic identity formulation within a third‐grade classroom. Our theoretical framework draws from sociocultural theory and studies of scientific literacy. Through analysis of classroom discourse, we identified opportunities afforded students to learn specific scientific knowledge and practices during a series of science investigations. The results of this study suggest that the collective practice of the scientific conversations and activities that took place within this classroom enabled students to engage in the construction of communal science knowledge through multiple textual forms. By examining the ways in which students contributed to the construction of scientific understanding, and then by examining their performances within and across events, we present evidence of the co‐development of students' academic identities and scientific literacy. Students' communication and participation in science during the investigations enabled them to learn the structure of the discipline by identifying and engaging in scientific activities. The intersection of academic identities with the development of scientific literacy provides a basis for considering specific ways to achieve scientific literacy for all students. © 2004 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 41: 1111–1144, 2004 相似文献
14.
教育学:科学抑或艺术 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
“教育学是科学还是艺术”是教育学史上的经典论题之一。围绕这一论题,基于不同的学术立场和文化语境,学者们提出了一些富有启发性的观点。总体上,“科学”指向“知”,追求符合教育事实的规律;“艺术”指向“行”,探寻指导教育实践的规则。因此,两者的对峙实质上是“科学理论”与“实践理论”的分野。随着教育学作为统一的知识体的瓦解,“教育学是科学还是艺术”这一论题面临着前提性的困境,但又由于其对教育学发展路向的暗示,获得了在现时代的存在合理性。 相似文献
15.
This study aims to establish a viable structural model of prospective science teachers' nature of science (NOS) views, which could be used as an analytical tool for understanding the complex relationships between prospective teachers' conceptions of NOS and factors possibly affecting their conceptions. In order to construct such a model, likely factors that might influence prospective teachers' NOS views were hypothesized. These included science process skills; attitudes toward science teaching; academic achievement in pedagogical and science courses; and social, religious, economic, political, aesthetic, and theoretical values. The hypothetical model was then developed and modified using structural equation modeling methodology. The final viable model indicates that attitudes toward science teaching, science process skills, academic achievement in pedagogical courses, religious values, and economic values explain NOS views with low predictive power. 相似文献
16.
“科学大众化”的困境：社会学的分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
科学大众化是当今科学教育的一个核心概念,但在教材和教学层面,科学大众化却面临困境。这种困境主要体现为科学素养内容的不均衡性,即过分重视学科内容而忽视相应的个人、社会和文化意义。文章从科学家的学术控制和学校文化两个角度分析了这种不均衡性的原因。文章最后从两种理科课程取向之间的张力出发,提出科学教育家可能是科学大众化走出困境的希望。 相似文献
17.
Steffen Ducheyne 《Science & Education》2012,21(1):87-108
Following an ever growing literature which takes serious the relevance of case-studies in the history of science for science
education and understanding of science, I provide a detailed historical reconstruction of the Cavendish Experiment, which
remains as close as possible to the original. In this paper, I call attention to three educational benefits of familiarizing
students with the Cavendish Experiment and its aftermath. 相似文献
18.
David F. Treagust 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2011,6(3):725-735
This article is presented in four parts. In the first part, I describe the foundation of the Science and Mathematics Education
Centre (SMEC) at Curtin University. In the second part, I explain the development of SMEC’s teaching and research capacity
under its three directors. In the third section, I describe how federal government support of SMEC as a national Key Centre
for Teaching and Research in School Science and Mathematics provided enhanced postgraduate study opportunities for science
and mathematics teachers throughout Australia by offering degree programs through distance education and face-to-face contact,
short courses, and seminars. At the same time, research and teaching capacity of the academic staff was enhanced through the
internationalisation of the programs being offered. In the final section, I describe current and future developments at SMEC. 相似文献
19.
To engage in the practices of science, students must have a strong command of science academic language. However, content area teachers often make academic language an incidental part of their lesson planning, which leads to missed opportunities to enhance students’ language development. To support pre-service elementary science teachers (PSTs) in making language planning an explicit part of their science lessons, we created the Academic Language Planning Organizer (ALPO). The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of the ALPO on two levels: first, by examining participants’ interactions with the ALPO as they identified academic language features, objectives and supports; and second, by exploring the ways that participants translated identified language supports to planned science activities. Findings indicated that, when using the ALPO, PSTs identified clear language functions and relevant vocabulary terms, and also frequently developed clear, observable and measurable language objectives. When lesson planning, PSTs were largely successful in translating previously identified language supports to their lesson plans, and often planned additional language supports beyond what was required. We also found, however, that the ALPO did not meet its intended use in supporting PSTs in identifying discourse and syntax demands associated with specific academic language functions, suggesting that revisions to the ALPO could better support PSTs in identifying these academic language demands. Implications for supporting PSTs’ planning for and scaffolding of science academic language use are presented. 相似文献
20.
In this article I explore a case for the inclusion of some aspects of critical thinking and of philosophy of science within science education that appeals to two commonly accepted aims of science education. Although motivated by reading Harvey Siegel's Educating Reason (1988), and emerging from his discussion there, the aspects I explore go beyond that discussion. 相似文献