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1.
学术评议会是发达国家大学治理结构中体现和保障学术权力最为重要的组织机构,发达国家普遍通过立法明确了大学学术评议会的法律地位、人员构成和职责范围,以保障学术权力的全面履行。德国的现代大学制度在西方大学发展过程中具有承前启后的意义。笔者重点分析了德国联邦与州的相关法律法规,并通过柏林工业大学的案例考察学术评议会运行状况;在此基础上,提出了完善我国的大学学术委员会制度,保障学术权力全面落实的若干借鉴。 相似文献
2.
《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2012,36(7):942-958
AbstractAmidst opportunities for universities to consider international academic staff in supporting internationalisation and innovation in academic practice, there is very little research to provide insights into their attitudes towards institutional approaches and frameworks in place to enable this. This article focuses on this research gap, suggesting that this academic community might enhance the development of internationally-informed and innovative pedagogic practice. The research reported within the article constitutes a preliminary study, set within a UK higher education case study setting. Methods included focus groups and themed in-depth interviews with a sample of 34 international academic staff from over 15 countries. The findings and discussion provide insights into the perspectives and experiences of international academic staff in relation to the Postgraduate Certificate in Teaching and Learning and other institutional practice. Innovative pedagogic practice as enabled by international academic staff is discussed, as are approaches to the internationalisation of the curricula. The findings are relevant to the UK higher education context but also to the global context: academic institutions need to consider whether curriculum and processes are limited and limiting in favour of a narrow cultural lens. 相似文献
3.
以评促改,以评促建,推动中国特色高等职业教育健康发展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
王建勋 《邢台职业技术学院学报》2004,21(2):1-2,8
本文针对开展“高职高专院校人才培养工作水平评估”过程中需要注意的几个问题谈了自己的看法。相对于世界各国的职业教育．中国的高等职业教育有着特殊的规定性，其特点可以概括为“学历 职业”教育。在此基础上。重点对高等职业教育的“特色”以及高职高专院校开展特色建设等问题进行了论述。 相似文献
4.
Learning communities and fair trade in doctorates and development: report of a collaborative project
Janinka Greenwood Safayet Alam Abu Nayeem Mohammad Salahuddin Mollah Mohammed Haroon-Ar Rasheed 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2016,14(1):49-67
This article reports the second stage of a study examining an academic partnership in which Bangladeshi doctoral students in a western university focus their research in the grounded context of Bangladesh and investigate the processes for change. After briefly outlining the previous published stage which examined the academic trade in higher education with developing countries, the article builds on the concept of fair academic trade to critically reflect on the development of a doctoral learning community, a publication project and three specific doctoral studies. The methodological approach is one of participatory action research, with focus on critical reflection on practice. 相似文献
5.
Changing attitudes of Australian academics 总被引：1，自引：1，他引：1
This article reports on the changing work-related attitudes and demographics of academic staff in Australia, in four universities and four former colleges of advanced education (CAEs, comparable to polytechnics), surveyed in 1979, 1984 and 1990. The surveys were of all academic staff in each institution, with response rates averaging 47%. As in other countries, the former binary system of education has recently been ended by reconstituting colleges of advanced education as universities. Differences in work-related attitude are examined, and shown to differ consistently between the types of institution, across the elapsed time, and between the sexes, ranks and academic disciplines of the respondents. In particular, each institution has shown a sustained increase in academic staff alienation and dissatisfaction over the eleven-year period. The differences in demographics and in work-related attitudes between original universities and former colleges of advanced education remain after the ending of the binary system. The differences are discussed in relation to a number of current policy issues, including the ending of the binary system of higher education. Since similar policy changes and similar pressures are occurring in a number of countries, the findings of the study have implications beyond Australia. 相似文献
6.
7.
Are boys that bad? Gender gaps in measured skills,grades and aspirations in Czech elementary schools
Petr Matějů 《British Journal of Sociology of Education》2015,36(6):871-895
This article examines gender gaps in academic performance (grades in mathematics and reading) between boys and girls of ninth-grade elementary schools in the Czech Republic. Our analysis is based on 2003 data from the Programme for International Student Assessment, encompassing the academic performance and family background of ninth-grade pupils. Similar to research on other countries, we find that girls strongly outperform boys in grades in Czech language, but that this gender gap is not explained by measured ability in reading nor on family background or student attributes. We also find gender bias in mathematics grades, after controlling for measured ability and other factors. Girls are also substantially more likely than boys to apply to secondary grammar schools, as well as aspire to a college education, even after controlling for measured ability. We put forward a number of theoretical perspectives that shed light on the possible causes of these empirical findings. 相似文献
8.
发达国家学术研究和研究生教育改革动向研究 总被引：4，自引：0，他引：4
本研究对 2 0世纪 90年代以来一些发达国家的政府和教育行政部门的研究报告进行了文献分析 ,主要以日本的学术研究与研究生教育发展状况之间的关系为研究对象 ,对人才培养模式、研究生培养制度的改革、学位授予、课程设置以及大学评价等一些领域的改革动向做出一般性的研究评述 ,同时对在发展过程中所出现的问题展开了进一步的思考 相似文献
9.
This article examines students’ experiences as resettled refugee and asylee students in international schools in New York City. Specifically, it looks at how teachers and school leaders provide critical academic and extracurricular support to facilitate students’ adjustment to academic environments that differ markedly from those compared in their countries of origin or the countries of asylum visited prior to their arrival in the United States. Drawing on a qualitative study conducted in New York City at two international schools, as well as program staff from an outside organization that often collaborates with international schools hosting refugee and asylee students, the article documents promising practices and offers practical recommendations for teachers working with refugee students. 相似文献
10.
从价值取向看美、英、日三国高校教师工资制度改革 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
描述了美国、英国、日本三国高校教师工资制度改革的情况。美国、英国高校教师工资制度的特点是绩效工资;日本高校教师工资制度的特点是按照年功序列进行工资分配。通过对比三个国家高校教师工资制度的不同特点,提出了学术标准还是市场标准,是公平还是效率,是引导功利还是保持人文理性的价值思考;强调大学应该坚持学术性,追求人文主义的价值取向,同时也指出了这三个国家高校教师工资制度应该突破的难点及我国教师工资制度改革的对策。 相似文献
11.
我国师范教育中开设教育学科课程的历史比较与启示 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
谢广山 《三门峡职业技术学院学报》2002,1(1):27-31
我国师范教育具有“重专业知识、轻教育理论”的历史传统,这种传统的形成,与我国师范教育中开设教育学科课程较少有直接的联系。在我国师范教育的纵向历史比较中,我们可以发现开设教育学科课程较少的历史原因;在与世界发达国家师范教育的横向历史比较中,我们不仅可以发现“师范性与学术性”并重的师范教育大趋势的形成轨迹,而且可以发现我国师范教育在开设教育学科课程上同世界发达国家的差距。通过历史比较,以往鉴来,从历史给予我们的启示中,思考我们师范教育的改革与发展,推动我国师范教育改革不断深化。 相似文献
12.
Adela García-Aracil 《Irish Educational Studies》2013,32(2):223-243
This article identifies those aspects of the academic environment that are associated with graduates' overall satisfaction with their higher education (HE) course. We use REFLEX data, which allow comparison among 14 European countries, based on a pooled sample and individual country regressions. Overall, the degree of satisfaction with HE studies appears to be driven to a great extent by the academic environment. The results also confirm the persistence of country-specific traits in different HE systems. This substantial variation among European countries in terms of learning environment may have an influence on subsequent employment experience. While some systems encourage independent learning through participation in research projects, others rely heavily on direct teaching as the main source of information. 相似文献
13.
Veronica Stolte‐Heiskanen 《Higher Education in Europe》1993,18(4):17-36
This article begins by recognizing that Finnish women, like those in the other Nordic countries, were admitted to universities relatively early. Although they now constitute some 52 percent of enrolled students in Finnish higher education and 47 percent of the labour force, they have lagged behind men in terms of obtaining academic employment and even more so with regard to being appointed to leadership positions in universities and in other academic organizations. A combination of factors accounts for this situation: the tendency to channel aspiring women academics into non‐scientific fields, the failure of women academics to be included in the informal professional networks, the deprecating attitudes of male academics towards the research results of women, and in general, a societal power structure which favours men. Finally, an economic climate which is leading to cutbacks in higher education budgets is creating a situation which makes catching up by women academics next to impossible. Only major structural changes in Finnish society will lead to further progress for Finnish women in academic careers. 相似文献
14.
全球化教育对中国教育发展的影响与启示 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本文探讨了全球化对中国教育发展的影响与带来的问题及对策,包括怎样使我们的学科与毕业生更国际化,促进我国的学历在海外得到承认,如何面对跨国教育的挑战,文中进一步强调国际上对保障跨国教育的指数所做出的行动,例如联合国正在草拟的有关跨国高等教育的指南。 相似文献
15.
The article draws on the narratives of 34 immigrant women professors from 22 different countries who teach in a major research
university in the U.S. First, the article presents immigrant women professors’ voices of experiencing traditional academic
activities in terms of teaching, research, and administration/service. Second, the paper voices women’s stories of social
climate prevailing in their departments and institutions that affects their academic careers. Third, the article narrates
women’s expressions of their efforts to balance academic life and family life. 相似文献
16.
Describing and explaining research productivity 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Paul Ramsden 《Higher Education》1994,28(2):207-226
This article describes results from a study of academic productivity in Australian higher education. It estimates the output (in terms of quantity of publications) of individual staff and academic departments across different subject areas and types of institution. Concerning research productivity, Australian academics resemble their colleagues in other countries: the average is low, while the range of variation is high. Most papers are produced by few academic staff. Several potential correlates of productivity, including level of research activity, subject area, institutional type, gender, age, early interest in research, and satisfaction with the promotions system, are examined. A model linking departmental context to personal research performance through department and personal research activity is developed and tested. The results support the view that structural factors (such as how academic departments are managed and led) combine with personal variables (such as intrinsic interest in the subject matter of one's discipline) to determine levels of productivity. There is also evidence that research and teaching do not form a single dimension of academic performance. 相似文献
17.
Chiraz Karamti 《Journal of Research on Technology in Education》2016,48(4):322-337
Measuring the impact of information and communication technologies (ICTs) is a contemporary question of interest. Despite the general acceptance that ICTs are changing ways of learning, empirical research conducted to date does not consistently verify the efficacy of such changes. Several studies supporting positive impacts of ICTs on achievement relate mainly to developed countries. Focusing on tertiary education in Tunisia, this article attempts to highlight the gap in knowledge about the effects of ICT on education in developing countries by providing evidence from this region. Using survey data involving 377 college students and teachers, a multilevel analysis was conducted to measure the impact of ICT access and use with other student, university, and teacher attributes that may affect academic performance. The results provided evidence for a distinctive, though negative, effect of ICT on performance. These findings raise questions about the effectiveness of educational policies in Tunisia. The findings suggest also that overall university support is essential in increasing ICT learning impacts. 相似文献
18.
论高等教育发展的国际化趋势 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
刘咏梅 《北京城市学院学报》2005,(3):17-19
高等教育的国际化主要表现在：教育目标的国际化,课程的国际化,教育者和受教育者的国际交流,境外办学,学位等值和证书的认定,网上大学. 相似文献
19.
Steve Daniel Przymus 《Journal of Language, Identity & Education》2016,15(5):265-279
When educators do not facilitate English language learners’ (ELLs) social integration in schools, this can perpetuate ELLs’ marginalized status and the plateauing of ELLs’ English language development. This study highlights a program for secondary ELLs called the ELL Ambassadors program, which partnered ELLs with non-ELLs based on shared extracurricular interests. Comparing the stories, perspectives, and test scores of five newcomer ELLs from varied countries of origin, this article shows how program participants strengthened their English language skills and achieved academic success, demonstrating tremendous agency as they gained access to, and were socialized within, interest-based communities of practice. Further, this article documents how youth imagined and claimed new identities, moving beyond the insulation and isolation of the ESL bubble to gaining confidence through interest-based learning with other peers. Findings suggest that interest-based peer programs at schools may create important opportunities for ELLs’ academic, language, and identity formation. 相似文献
20.
YAN Fengqiao 《Frontiers of Education in China》2013,8(2):198
Through experiencing and reviewing multiple-country endeavors in academic profession study and participating in a new project regarding the academic profession in Asia, the author pinpoints and anticipates the shortcomings of study alone or dominantly questionnaire-based and ignoring the broader social context. The author proposes a new perspective or methodology to mitigate these shortcomings. The traditional approach focuses on commonalities rather than differences of the academic profession in a variety of countries. By comparing identical questionnaires, it is easy to conclude that, according to some indicators, the academic profession in developing countries, a category in which most Asian countries belong, is inferior to that in developed countries by a certain magnitude. This research strategy will devalue the research efforts on the academic profession in Asia. The academic profession is a complicated phenomenon, and it requires a sophisticated research methodology. The characteristics of the academic profession in Asia can be induced by empirically studying its relationship with the institutional environments in which the academic profession is embedded. In addition, all developing countries in Asia are undergoing a process of modernization. This dynamic feature is valuable and deserves exploration. The institutional environments in Asia can be demonstrated and illustrated via cultural and historical lenses. The purpose of this paper is to review international projects and literature regarding the academic profession. This review tries to be both critical and constructive, and shed light on newly initiated projects in the Asian academic profession. Two major research questions are raised by the author: What is the scholarly value of the new project? What strategy can researchers employ for this endeavor? Past research is dominated by the structure-function paradigm and cross-sectional questionnaire method. This approach has both strengths and weaknesses. Historical and cultural perspectives are proposed to overcome the existing limitations and explore the potential value of the new academic effort. 相似文献