共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Various adaptive designs have been proposed and applied to clinical trials, bioassay, psychophysics, etc. Adaptive designs
are also useful in high cost engineering trials. More and more people have been paying attention to these design methods.
This paper introduces several broad families of designs, such as the play-the-winner rule, randomized play-the-winner rule
and its generalization to the multi-arm case, doubly biased coin adaptive design, Markov chain model.
Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 19571021 and 10071072). 相似文献
2.
乔维德 《宁波职业技术学院学报》2010,14(5):8-12
针对常规模糊控制器在永磁同步电机直接转矩控制中超调量大、响应慢、脉动大等问题,提出一种基于遗传算法的模糊自适应PI控制器的速度调节器设计方案,结合遗传算法与模糊PI控制,应用遗传算法优化模糊自适应PI控制器的模糊控制规则和量化因子ke、kec及比例因子kuP、kuI,以确保永磁同步电机直接转矩控制系统响应具有最优的动态响应和稳态性能。仿真与试验结果表明,与传统模糊PI控制相比,该设计方法具有适应性强、动态响应好、鲁棒性强等优点,取得了比较满意的控制效果。 相似文献
3.
Shiyu Wang Haiyan Lin Hua‐Hua Chang Jeff Douglas 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2016,53(1):45-62
Computerized adaptive testing (CAT) and multistage testing (MST) have become two of the most popular modes in large‐scale computer‐based sequential testing. Though most designs of CAT and MST exhibit strength and weakness in recent large‐scale implementations, there is no simple answer to the question of which design is better because different modes may fit different practical situations. This article proposes a hybrid adaptive framework to combine both CAT and MST, inspired by an analysis of the history of CAT and MST. The proposed procedure is a design which transitions from a group sequential design to a fully sequential design. This allows for the robustness of MST in early stages, but also shares the advantages of CAT in later stages with fine tuning of the ability estimator once its neighborhood has been identified. Simulation results showed that hybrid designs following our proposed principles provided comparable or even better estimation accuracy and efficiency than standard CAT and MST designs, especially for examinees at the two ends of the ability range. 相似文献
4.
Stphanie Berger Angela J. Verschoor Theo J. H. M. Eggen Urs Moser 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2019,56(1):121-146
Calibration of an item bank for computer adaptive testing requires substantial resources. In this study, we investigated whether the efficiency of calibration under the Rasch model could be enhanced by improving the match between item difficulty and student ability. We introduced targeted multistage calibration designs, a design type that considers ability‐related background variables and performance for assigning students to suitable items. Furthermore, we investigated whether uncertainty about item difficulty could impair the assembling of efficient designs. The results indicated that targeted multistage calibration designs were more efficient than ordinary targeted designs under optimal conditions. Limited knowledge about item difficulty reduced the efficiency of one of the two investigated targeted multistage calibration designs, whereas targeted designs were more robust. 相似文献
5.
Ilya Zitter Elly De Bruijn P. Robert Jan Simons Th. J. Ten Cate 《Higher Education》2011,61(4):371-386
How to design learning environments leading to learning-, thinking, collaboration- and regulation skills which can be applied
to transferable, knowledge oriented learning outcomes is still controversial. We studied the designs of learning environments
in innovative higher professional education more closely. To characterize learning environments we identify designable elements
and position them on a scale ranging from specified, to emergent elements. Next, the main problems with the designs are identified.
We introduce adaptive elements as a potential solution. We observed participants adapting such elements to suit their own
needs or the needs of others. The designable and adaptive elements fulfill a dual function: they should offer contextual clues
that would be available in professional practice and scaffold learners in need of support. 相似文献
6.
刘维周 《南京晓庄学院学报》2006,22(6):7-10
本文介绍了OFDM自适应调制技术的原理、帧格式的设计,给出了调制方式的选取与转换准则;分析了自适应调制系统在瑞利衰落信道下的性能,并对系统进行了仿真.结果表明,在低压电力线信道环境下,自适应调制系统能够获得较高的系统容量,而系统的误比特率也可以保持在较低的水平. 相似文献
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8.
智慧学习环境下的教学更加关注学习者的个性化诉求,自适应学习系统能够为实现个性化学习提供技术支持。文章针对传统层状自适应学习系统模型未阐明学习系统内部运行机制的不足,基于自适应逆控制理论研制了一种自适应学习系统动力模型。学习者的学习目标选择促使学习系统开始运行,学习者的初始学习目标与其后的学习成效之间的差值是维系学习系统继续运行的内在动力。学习系统在领域模型、学习者模型、认知诊断和自适应模型四者的协同作用下向学习者不断推送适切的学习资源,旨在消除学习目标与当前学习成效之间的差值,从而使系统重新归于稳定。文章从系统动力机制视角,设计了自适应学习系统包含的领域模型、学习者模型、自适应模型和认知诊断模型。研究将为自适应学习系统的设计与实现提供理论借鉴。 相似文献
9.
Michael L. Thomas Gregory G. Brown Virginie M. Patt John R. Duffy 《Educational and psychological measurement》2021,81(1):155
The adaptation of experimental cognitive tasks into measures that can be used to quantify neurocognitive outcomes in translational studies and clinical trials has become a key component of the strategy to address psychiatric and neurological disorders. Unfortunately, while most experimental cognitive tests have strong theoretical bases, they can have poor psychometric properties, leaving them vulnerable to measurement challenges that undermine their use in applied settings. Item response theory–based computerized adaptive testing has been proposed as a solution but has been limited in experimental and translational research due to its large sample requirements. We present a generalized latent variable model that, when combined with strong parametric assumptions based on mathematical cognitive models, permits the use of adaptive testing without large samples or the need to precalibrate item parameters. The approach is demonstrated using data from a common measure of working memory—the N-back task—collected across a diverse sample of participants. After evaluating dimensionality and model fit, we conducted a simulation study to compare adaptive versus nonadaptive testing. Computerized adaptive testing either made the task 36% more efficient or score estimates 23% more precise, when compared to nonadaptive testing. This proof-of-concept study demonstrates that latent variable modeling and adaptive testing can be used in experimental cognitive testing even with relatively small samples. Adaptive testing has the potential to improve the impact and replicability of findings from translational studies and clinical trials that use experimental cognitive tasks as outcome measures. 相似文献
10.
段维维 《成都教育学院学报》2010,24(4):80-82,88
以中西方几个不同国家的景观设计为例,通过解析其景观设计的设计思路及表现手法,说明不同文化所孕育出的景观设计是截然不同的。中国的景观设计师应该把世界景观设计理念引入到中国的文化中去,从而设计出独特的有中国元素的景观。 相似文献
11.
Jonathan David Schweig John F. Pane 《International Journal of Research & Method in Education》2016,39(3):268-286
ABSTRACTDemands for scientific knowledge of what works in educational policy and practice has driven interest in quantitative investigations of educational outcomes, and randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have proliferated under these conditions. In educational settings, even when individuals are randomized, both experimental and control students are often grouped into particular classrooms and schools and share common learning experiences. Analyses that account for these clusters are common. A less common design involves one clustered experimental arm and one unclustered experimental arm, sometimes called a partially clustered design. Analysts do not always use methods that yield valid statistical inferences for such partially clustered designs. Additionally, published methods for handling partially clustered designs may not be flexible enough to handle real-world complications, including treatment non-compliance. In this paper, we illustrate how models that accommodate partial clustering may be used in educational research. We explore the performance of these models using a series of Monte Carlo simulations informed by data taken from a large-scale RCT studying the impacts of a programme designed to decrease summer learning loss. We find that clustering and non-compliance can have substantial impacts on statistical inferences about intent-to-treat effects, and demonstrate methods that show promise for addressing these complications. 相似文献
12.
Katherina Danko-McGhee 《The International Journal of Art & Design Education》1999,18(3):307-315
This paper provides an historical review of the art of Rusyn Easter Eggs. The use of symbolism, colour, and the talismanic qualities of each design will be discussed along with the ritualistic practices adhered to in the making of these egg designs. Pysanky making in the past had been a ritual, handed down from mother to daughter, where codes of conduct were practised and traditional symbols and colours were used to create the designs on each egg. After the pysanky were made, they were used in traditional Easter festivities. While pysanky are still made by Carpatho-Rusyn women today, their magical qualities have been lost. Old symbols continue to be used along with new designs, techniques, and colours. 相似文献
13.
Peer‐mediated interventions with elementary and secondary school students with emotional and behavioural disorders: a literature review 
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下载免费PDF全文 Cahit Kaya John Blake Fong Chan 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2015,15(2):120-129
Peer‐mediated interventions (PMIs) have been shown to be effective for increasing adaptive social and academic behaviours of children and youth. Although PMI efficacy is generally well supported, there have been relatively few published intervention studies that focus on elementary, middle and high school students with emotional and behavioural disorders (EBD). The present review examines selected empirical literature in order to identify characteristics and relative efficacy of PMI. Findings of 12 peer‐reviewed journal papers including research designs and outcomes were examined. Results provide support for the efficacy of PMI for improving behavioural and social skills of students with EBD. Recommendations include further research on PMI for high school students and longitudinal research of PMI. 相似文献
14.
包豪斯“车间”对当今艺术设计教育的启示——设计人才培养的实践环境营造 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
刚政 《南阳师范学院学报》2010,9(10):89-91
包豪斯作为一种设计体系在20世纪风靡全球。在现代许多设计中,包豪斯的思想和美学趣味可以说整整影响一代人。其中某些思想、观念对我国现代设计人才培养和实践技术教学有很大的启迪作用。 相似文献
15.
命题逻辑是数理逻辑的重要组成部分，它的应用很广泛文章通过案件审理、人事和电路设计等方面的实例分析了怎样利用命题逻辑的演绎推理来解决日常生活中的一些问题． 相似文献
16.
Michael J. Hannafin Lloyd P. Rieber 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》1989,37(2):102-114
Although considerable research has been published concerning learning and cognition in general, little impact has been reported on the design of computer-based instruction (CBI). In addition, CBI designs have been influenced negatively by technocentric perspectives, where technological capabilities dictate lesson activities, rather than a more reflective view on the relationship among learner, learning task and performance requirements, and the selective use of media capabilities. Attempts to extrapolate the relevance of non-CBI research and theory to advance a comprehensive and integrated view of the design of CBI have been rare. An integrated meta-model derived from both CBI and non-CBI research and theory is presented in this article. 相似文献
17.
《学习科学杂志》2013,22(4):367-427
Like domain concepts, strategic concepts pertain to objects and relationships in a class of domains, but unlike domain concepts, they also enable new strategies for solving a class of problems. Generic teleological mechanisms (GTMs) are a class of strategic concepts especially useful in adaptive design. GTMs, such as cascading, feedback, and feedforward, are abstract functional and causal patterns that lead to adaptation strategies for innovative design. We adopt a task-directed approach to learning and describe a model-based method for learning GTMs from design examples. Given a design that contains a pattern previously unknown to the designer and a similar and related design that does not, the method abstracts, indexes, and stores the partern for potential reuse. Pattern abstraction is enabled by structure-behavior-function models that represent functional, causal, topological, and compositional knowledge of device designs. 相似文献
18.
段玉垒 《南京晓庄学院学报》2011,(6):27-31
提出一类自适应模糊控制器,选择系统的误差向量,作为模糊控制器的输入变量,构成了一种自适应模糊跟踪系统的设计方法,该方法利用李雅普诺夫稳定性理论,证明了其可行性,仿真结果验证了其有效性． 相似文献
19.
The goal of the current study was to introduce a new stopping rule for computerized adaptive testing. The predicted standard error reduction stopping rule (PSER) uses the predictive posterior variance to determine the reduction in standard error that would result from the administration of additional items. The performance of the PSER was compared to that of the minimum standard error stopping rule and a modified version of the minimum information stopping rule in a series of simulated adaptive tests, drawn from a number of item pools. Results indicate that the PSER makes efficient use of CAT item pools, administering fewer items when predictive gains in information are small and increasing measurement precision when information is abundant. 相似文献
20.
陈殿林 《安徽广播电视大学学报》2003,(4):20-22
法与文化是不可分割的，在我国法治建设过程中，必须注重对文化环境的构建。本文从物质文化层、制度文化层和观念文化层对法治文化环境进行了设计。 相似文献