共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
1.
Yan Yu Jin-Xing Hao Xiao-Ying Dong Mohamed Khalifa 《International Journal of Information Management》2013
Although it is a widely held belief that social capital facilitates knowledge sharing among individuals, there is little research that has deeply investigated the impacts of social capital at different levels on an individual's knowledge sharing behavior. To address this research gap, this study combines a multilevel approach and an optimal network configuration view to investigate the multilevel effects of social capital on individuals’ knowledge sharing in knowledge intensive work teams. This study makes a distinction between the social capital at the team-level and that of social capital at the individual level to examine their cross-level and direct effects on an individual's sharing of explicit and tacit knowledge. A survey involving 343 participants in 47 knowledge-intensive teams was conducted for testing the multilevel model. The results reveal that social capital at both levels jointly influences an individual's explicit and tacit knowledge sharing. Further, when individuals possess a moderate betweenness centrality and the whole team holds a moderate network density, team members’ knowledge sharing can be maximized. These findings offer a more comprehensive and precise understanding of the multilevel impacts of social capital on team members’ knowledge sharing behavior, thus contributing to the social capital theory, as well as knowledge management research and practices. 相似文献
2.
Ling Zhao Yaobin Lu Bin Wang Patrick Y.K. Chau Long Zhang 《International Journal of Information Management》2012
Virtual communities (VCs) are attracting more attention as they provide a platform for people to share experiences and knowledge, which may further impact their purchase decisions. From a social capital perspective, this study investigated factors that cultivate a VC member's sense of belonging and their effects on facilitating his participation in the VC in terms of the intentions to get and share experiences and knowledge. The results indicated that three factors that relate to three dimensions of social capital in the VC – familiarity with members in the VC from the structural dimension, perceived similarity with other members from the cognitive dimension, and trust in other members from the relational dimension – are all positively related to the sense of belonging, which affects intentions to get and share knowledge and mediates the relationships between social capital factors and a VC member's intentions to participate. 相似文献
3.
对知识转移粘滞影响因素进行系统分析和定量研究。首先提出知识转移三阶段模型,包括发送者知识编码度、接受者知识吸收度和交互情景3个知识转移粘滞直接影响因素和社会资本网络1个间接影响因素,采用鱼骨图法确定各因素及其层次关系,然后导入层次分析模型进行一致性评价,计算各层次因素的权重并进行排序,得到排名前4位的是转移意愿、接受意愿、转移能力和吸收能力,社会资本网络的中心性排名第5位、结构洞排名第9位。
基于研究结果提出通过激励机制、市场机制等措施提高知识发送方的知识转移意愿是降低知识转移粘滞的关键,设计和优化知识接受者的激励机制非常重要,同时应注重通过多开展培训、讲座和现场指导等手段来提高双方的转移能力;此外,要充分利用知识转移双方、科技中介的社会资本网络来降低知识转移粘滞度。 相似文献
4.
Yong Sauk Hau Byoungsoo Kim Heeseok Lee Young-Gul Kim 《International Journal of Information Management》2013
Due to the importance of knowledge in today's competitive world, an understanding of how to enhance employee knowledge sharing has become critical. This study develops an integrated model to understand key factors of employee knowledge sharing intentions through constructs prescribed by two established knowledge management research streams, namely, those concerning individual motivations and social capital. This study classifies employee knowledge sharing intentions as either tacit or explicit and investigates whether the level of the determinants and their influences differ between the two. The research model is tested with survey data collected from 2010 employees in multiple industries. Analysis results show that the proposed model significantly explains the variance of employees’ tacit and explicit knowledge sharing intentions. This finding indicates that the model's unified perspective enhances our knowledge of how to improve employee knowledge sharing. The new findings reveal that organizational rewards have a negative effect on employees’ tacit knowledge sharing intentions but a positive influence on their explicit knowledge sharing intentions. The analysis results confirm that reciprocity, enjoyment, and social capital contribute significantly to enhancing employees’ tacit and explicit knowledge sharing intentions. Additionally, these factors have more positive effects on tacit than on explicit knowledge intentions. The implications of the new findings are discussed. 相似文献
5.
AiHua Wu JingQin Su Haiwei Wang 《The Journal of High Technology Management Research》2013,24(2):118-129
The purpose of this paper is to explore how enterprises choose innovation pattern from the perspective of internal organization context. This article distinguishes between internal innovation and external innovation, such that human capital and information structure are the core factors affecting firm's choice decision for internal or external innovation. Based on a survey in China, this study analyzes the relationships among specific human capital, information structure and innovation pattern. Further we also examine the moderating effect of cooperative motivation including R&D motivation, technical learning motivation and strategy motivation. The results suggest that with the degree of specific human capital increase, enterprises tend to choose internal innovation pattern and with the information structure more dispersed/horizontal, enterprises more tend to choose internal innovation pattern. What's more, motives related to research and development, and technology learning are two relatively significant moderators in the relationships among specific human capital, information structure and innovation pattern. 相似文献
6.
从控股股东这一资源提供者的角度出发,放宽控股权等于控制权的假设前提,深入探究控股股东社会资本对企业技术创新的作用路径与内在机理。研究发现：控股股东的社会资本增强了其谋取控制权私有收益的动机和能力,会抑制企业的技术创新水平,但其创新意愿会削弱这一负向影响;此外,上述传导关系在低股权资本和非国有样本中更加显著。研究揭示控股股东社会资本这一隐性权力与企业技术创新不足间的内在关系,并在此基础上理清不同情境下的差异性影响,以期丰富技术创新微观层面的影响因素,并为政府和监管部门对相关信息披露政策的补充和完善提供参考。 相似文献
7.
This research is part of a broader investigation to analyse the processes followed by the Caguas Municipality at the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico in an effort to develop the characteristics of a ‘Smart City’ as an example of sustainable development. We describe the integration of the educational institutions’ initiatives and the municipal government strategic plan to contribute to the knowledge and intellectual capital that brings sustainability to the city. An actor's model was designed to represent this integration. The conceptual framework was based on the concepts of knowledge production and sharing as applied to the collaboration between critical representative actors. Field research consisting of in-depth interviews was performed to ascertain the integration processes and their relationship with such processes of knowledge production and sharing. The results showed that the governance paradigm implemented is already empowering the citizens to contribute with intellectual capital that brings sustainability to Caguas. 相似文献
8.
Supply chain collaboration is critical to achieving the integration of partners for performance impact. Two major concerns arise, organization's sharing behaviors and technology use behaviors. An organization's sharing behaviors relates to a decision of two perceptions among partners, commitment of network resources and fairness of network resources distribution. Further, technology use behaviors are important for members in IT-enabled supply chain. Social capital and justice issues intend to explain the two particular perceptions as IS success model defining technology use behaviors. This study integrates the three issues to examine their influence on supply chain collaboration and in turn, realized firm performance. Empirical findings report that technology use behaviors are most significant as other two issues are also concerned. 相似文献
9.
Healthcare organisations are facing the constant trade off to contain expenditures without sacrificing the quality of patient's care. This challenge to do ‘more with less’ induced healthcare executives to heavily invest in innovations activities in order to increase the efficiency of their organisations. By taking an individual-level perspective, our study focuses on knowledge-sharing behaviour among healthcare practitioners as a critical element to continuously improve the performance of healthcare organisations. Specifically we explore the effect of intellectual capital on practitioners’ knowledge-sharing behaviour, and propose organisational knowledge-sharing climate as mediator. We conducted a survey on three healthcare organisations. Our results substantiate the positive link between intellectual capital and knowledge-sharing behaviour, and reveal that organisational knowledge-sharing climate fully mediates this relationship. These findings provide hospital managers with key implications for the management of intellectual capital as a lever to improve the sharing and the diffusion of knowledge among practitioners. 相似文献
10.
Academic spin-offs often lack business expertise, face uncertainties regarding their innovation and their markets, and do not have a clear idea of how their product will create value. In spite of this vagueness, academic entrepreneurs must articulate a business model and rapidly establish trustworthy relationships with potential users, purchasers and capital investors. One may thus wonder how their technology development process is influenced by the long-term expectations of their putative customers as well as the short-term requirements of capital investors? This longitudinal case study examines how the business models of three Canadian health technology spin-offs sought to address the value expectations of clinical users and capital investors, how tensions were resolved, and the impact this had on technology design. We describe the synergistic readjustments, drastic reconfiguration and mismatch between business model and technology design we observed. Our discussion highlights the mediating mechanisms by which business models and technology design influence each other, clarifying why the initial value proposition of the spin-offs was either refined or reframed. Beyond confirming the importance of differentiating business models in the health technology industry, our study suggests that it is not only who makes decision that matters, but also how stakeholders’ value expectations get embedded in a spin-off's value proposition. 相似文献
11.
As suggested by prior studies, tacit knowledge sharing is a natural process of social interaction. The perspectives of social capital and behavioural control are thus employed in this study to investigate an employee's tacit knowledge sharing and behaviour within a workgroup. This study collects data through a multi-informant questionnaire design. Three interesting results were obtained in this study. First, results show that tacit knowledge sharing intention can be induced by affect-based trust. However, shared value is negatively related to tacit knowledge sharing intention. Second, internal control has a positive effect on tacit knowledge sharing intention, but the relationship between internal control and tacit knowledge sharing behaviour could not be confirmed. Third, external control positively moderates the relationship between tacit knowledge sharing intention and behaviour. It is interesting to note that tacit knowledge sharing intention does not necessarily lead to tacit knowledge sharing behaviour unless the moderating effect of external control is taken into account. These findings and their implications are also addressed. 相似文献
12.
将科技人力资本迁移定义为科技人员将知识技能或学术研究成果进行市场化的创新创业活动。囿于当前科技人员相对缺乏对市场的掌控能力和发现机会的敏锐眼光，国家及有关组织机构对科技人力资本迁移的支持力度不够、科技人员因创新服务意识不足从而难以平衡本职工作与迁移关系等问题，我国人力资本迁移发展滞缓。为此，根据解释结构模型原理构建科技人力资本迁移影响因素层级递阶结构模型，通过查阅国内外相关文献和德尔菲法明确具体影响因素。结果表明：影响科技人力资本迁移的因素有三大类，即表层因素、中间层因素和深层因素。其中，表层因素为创新能力和机会能力；中间层因素为包含预期收益、迁移渠道等10个影响因素；深层因素主要包含角色认同、组织支持和迁移氛围。由此提出政府层面完善政策、提供制度保障，组织层面创新评价方式、营造良好环境，个人层面把握政策精神、提高认识等，促进我国科技人力资本迁移的对策建议。 相似文献
13.
The governments of cities have to make important decisions on the future of their communities. In the past, the vision, objectives, and goals of cities have been determined mainly by considering tangible assets as the main factors of a city's prosperity. However, in the knowledge economy, the role of intangible assets in wealth creation has become fundamental. As a result, a framework of intangible assets that allows navigation from the present reality to the future vision has become an urgent need for all cities. The paper has two well-defined parts. In the first part, it develops a specific methodology and framework for measuring and managing the intellectual capital of cities. In the second part, the study deals with the practical application of this model of intellectual capital in cities with the specific case of the city of Mataró, providing some details of the first cities’ intellectual capital report. 相似文献
14.
《Research Policy》2023,52(1):104649
Stars hold a large portion of organizational knowledge, and their sudden absence may have non-trivial consequences for firms. In this study, I investigate what happens to the knowledge of star inventors following their absence. In particular, I consider the composition of stars' ties with coinventors and examine how it affects the future use of stars' knowledge (i.e., patents). Using the death of star inventors as an exogenous cause for their absence in firms, I find that the use of a star's patents in a firm's subsequent inventive efforts declines following the star's death. The results also indicate that when star inventors frequently collaborate with coinventors, the negative effect of stars' absence on the future use of their knowledge is somewhat alleviated. Further, the presence of central inventors in stars' collaboration networks increases the relative use of stars' knowledge in future inventions. The findings inform managers about conditions that favor “passing the torch” of knowledge from stars to their peers. 相似文献
15.
How do Miles and Snow's strategic types differ in their knowledge assets? Evidence from Italian SMEs
This paper takes a knowledge-based view of firms and discusses the importance of linking organizational knowledge assets into corporate strategy. In order to conceptualize knowledge assets, the paper adopts the intellectual capital (IC) framework, which distinguishes three IC components: human, structural and relational capital. As regards business strategy, the paper adopts Miles and Snow's model, which identifies three strategic types of successful organizations: Defenders, Analysers and Prospectors. The paper explores the ways in which the three strategic types differ in weighting the single components of their IC. This study represents an attempt to extend the Miles and Snow typology including the aspect of knowledge assets. The link between knowledge asset management and strategy is investigated by means of three case studies conducted in Italian small and medium enterprises from the food sector. The paper argues that firms of different Miles and Snow strategic types have different mix of IC components. 相似文献
16.
人力资本是知识技术吸收和扩散的必要条件,是经济持续健康发展的基本前提。本文以省际面板数据为基础,构建VAR模型并运用脉冲响应和方差分解方法,分析人力资本变动对全要素生产率提高的长期动态影响效果。结果显示,人力资本增加能长期且显著地促进全要素生产率的提升。与短期促进效果相比,中长期效果更高。这一促进效果在第6期左右达到峰值。据此说明,人力资本重点投入对于经济发展具有重要意义,人力资本投资的优先原则应该得到重视。 相似文献
17.
18.
Bruce Robinson 《The Information Society》2013,29(1):44-51
This perspective examines the source of value in Web 2.0 enterprises such as Facebook and Google by analyzing the advertising model that supplies the bulk of their revenues. Drawing on Marx's understanding of the circulation of value within the capitalist economy as a whole and his concepts of unproductive labor, subsumption of labor, costs of circulation, commercial capital, and primitive accumulation, we analyze the economic relationships of Web 2.0 capital, proposing that revenues from advertising come from value produced in non-Web 2.0 sectors of the economy. On this basis we critique both Fuchs's and Arvidsson and Colleoni's positions on the origin of value in Web 2.0 and recognize some of the difficulties and contradictions of the advertising model as a form of monetization of free services for Web 2.0 capital. 相似文献
19.
A framework consisting of a conceptual model and a closed-loop knowledge work outsourcing decision model is developed. A process flow model of a medical device company's product development function is analysed, where this framework is applied to understand various outsourcing options for the company. The conceptual framework describes major attributes related to outsourcing decisions, parameters associated with various attributes and the relationship intensity of parameters with three knowledge work outsourcing options – in-house, near-shoring, and off-shoring. The proposed model is closed loop, emphasizing the importance of regular re-evaluation needed for an off-shored function. The modeling framework contributes to a company's decision whether or not a particular knowledge-based function should either be kept in-house, near-sourced or off-shored. The general perception of off-shoring is to reduce costs but, the proposed model takes into account additional factors such as, market accessibility, strategic partnership, reduced time to regional market, access to overseas talent pool, and governmental incentives, etc. These factors play a vital role in determining an outsourced function. The paper discusses various options and makes recommendations for tapping into technological advancements around the world, their effects on supply chain management and other competitive advantages presented by off-shoring. 相似文献
20.
摘要:专利权的本质特征决定其具有较高的不确定性,被宣告无效影响公司设立、股东资格、责任承担及出资的效力,对公司、股东、债权人及社会公众权利必将产生重大影响。本文依据利益平衡理论,鼓励专利权出资,放宽出资限制和促进社会化生产等视角,研究专利权资本化的特点和特殊性,建立保护公司、股东及债权人利益的机制,注重公司章程和出资协议解决路径的运用,完善专利权出资资本制度。综合考虑无效宣告的原因、主观过错、诚实信用、持续经营及公平原则等因素,保障公司股东、债权人的权益和市场交易安全,以促进知识资本的流动和资本市场的发展。 相似文献