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1.
This paper sets out an argument and approach for moving beyond a primarily arts‐based conceptualization of cultural capital, as has been the tendency within Bourdieusian approaches to date. We advance the notion that, in contemporary society, scientific forms of cultural and social capital can command a high symbolic and exchange value. Our previous research [Archer et al. (2014) Journal of Research in Science Teaching 51, 1–30] proposed the concept of “science capital” (science‐related forms of cultural and social capital) as a theoretical lens for explaining differential patterns of aspiration and educational participation among young people. Here, we attempt to theoretically, methodologically, and empirically advance a discussion of how we might conceptualize science capital and how this might be translated into a survey tool for use with students. We report on findings from a survey conducted with 3658 secondary school students, aged 11–15 years, in England. Analysis found that science capital was unevenly spread across the student population, with 5% being classified as having “high” science capital and 27% “low” science capital. Analysis shows that levels of science capital (high, medium, or low) are clearly patterned by cultural capital, gender, ethnicity, and set (track) in science. Students with high, medium, or low levels of science capital also seem to have very different post‐16 plans (regarding studying or working in science) and different levels of self‐efficacy in science. They also vary dramatically in terms of whether they feel others see them as a “science person.” The paper concludes with a discussion of conceptual and methodological issues and implications for practice. © 2015 The Authors. Journal of Research in Science Teaching Published by Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 52: 922–948, 2015. 相似文献
2.
Gale Seiler 《科学教学研究杂志》2001,38(9):1000-1014
Recognizing the persistent science achievement gap between inner‐city African American students and students from mainstream, White society, this article suggests that the imposition of external standards on inner‐city schools will do little to ameliorate this gap because such an approach fails to address the significance of the social and cultural lives of the students. Instead, it is suggested that the use of critical ethnographic research would enable educators to learn from the students how science education can change to meet their aims and interests. The article includes a report on how a science lunch group in an inner‐city high school forged a community based on respect and caring and how this community afforded African American male teens the opportunity to participate in science in new ways. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 38: 1000–1014, 2001 相似文献
3.
Yeung Chung Lee 《International Journal of Science Education》2013,35(14):1927-1950
Current approaches to science‐technology‐society (STS) education focus primarily on the controversial socio‐scientific issues that arise from the application of science in modern technology. This paper argues for an interdisciplinary approach to STS education that embraces science, technology, history, and social and cultural studies. By employing a case study of traditional papermaking technology, it investigates how the interactions between technology and science can be explored in an authentic societal and cultural context across a historical time span. The term technology‐society‐science (TSS) is used to represent an alternative approach to linking technology, society, and science that aims to redress the imbalance between science and technology, and to resolve the tension between two diverging goals of STS education. The educational implications of this alternative approach to STS education are discussed. 相似文献
4.
袁瑾 《合肥教育学院学报》2008,(5):123-126
面对当今文化全球化带来的巨大挑战,大学人文素质教育的成败与否,关键在于能否培养具有独立民族意识和文化自觉的大学人才。以“中国文化”课程教学为实例,从建构主义教学理论入手,围绕如何建构大学生的文化主体性这一核心问题,分别从“知识与经验的融通、美育与智育的融通、科学与人文的融通”三个方面论述了在大学人文素质教育的实际教学过程中应遵循的前提、原则和方法。 相似文献
5.
Recent research in science and technology studies changed the way we understand science as it is practiced—that is, how scientific knowledge emerges from social, natural, social, political, cultural, historical, and economic contingencies of scientific work. Many science educators agree that students should learn not only science but also about science. In this article, we (a) outline important findings, research methods, and ways of reporting research that emerged from science and technology studies; and (b) show how familiarity with science and technology studies research can provide science educators with valuable insights about curriculum design and research on learning. We conclude that science and technology studies can serve as a resource to science education and that there is a potential for conducting collaborative work between science education and science and technology studies. Such collaborations have the potential to yield better theories about how people become competent in science from childhood to adulthood. © 1998 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 35: 213–235, 1998. 相似文献
6.
The purpose of this study was to investigate how two female students participated in science practices as they worked in a multimedia case‐based environment: interpreting simulated results, reading and writing multiple texts, role‐playing, and Internet conferencing. Using discourse analysis, the following data were analyzed: students' published web posters, Internet conferencing logs between American and Zimbabwean university students, and a focus group interview. Three constructs supported the development of these students' identities in practice: (a) multimedia cases creating emotional involvement; (b) authoring web posters, and role‐playing situated in cross‐cultural social networks; and (c) altruism associated with relevant global topics. The investigators argue that educators and developers of online learning environments consider social contexts, authoring, and opportunities for cross‐cultural interaction to support participation in science practices. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47: 1116–1136, 2010 相似文献
7.
George Watley 《Globalisation, Societies & Education》2015,13(3):315-338
Compulsory education experiences are not commonly thought to shape future consumer behaviour, except for defining social and cultural differentiation. This article will illustrate how Caribbeans in Northamptonshire, England used compulsory education, even by antithesis, to thwart institutional and social views of Caribbean inferiority through various manifestations of consumption. The article will commence with a brief overview of educational issues that affected Caribbean people in Britain generally in the 1960s onwards, especially in terms of the institutional structures they were fighting against. It will then move on to illustrate how local Caribbean people resisted cultural hegemony individually and collectively. Various forms of isolation combined with educational experiences indoctrinating inferiority on to Afro-Caribbeans occurred at multiple points and through multiple prisms which will be delineated throughout this article. 相似文献
8.
“What is truth?” Pontius Pilot asked Jesus of Nazareth. For many educators today this question seems quaintly passé. Rejection of “truth” goes hand-in-hand with the rejection of epistemological realism. Educational thought over the last decade has instead been dominated by empiricist, anti-realist, instrumentalist epistemologies of two types: first by psychological constructivism and later by social constructivism. Social constructivism subsequently has been pressed to its logical conclusion in the form of relativistic multiculturalism. Proponents of both psychological constructivism and social constructivism value knowledge for its utility and eschew as irrelevant speculation any notion that knowledge is actually about reality. The arguments are largely grounded in the discourse of science and science education where science is “western” science; neither universal nor about what is really real. The authors defended the notion of science as universal in a previous article. The present purpose is to offer a commonsense argument in defense of critical realism as an epistemology and the epistemically distinguished position of science (rather than privileged) within a framework of epistemological pluralism. The paper begins with a brief cultural survey of events during the thirty-year period from 1960–1990 that brought many educators to break with epistemological realism and concludes with comments on the pedagogical importance of realism. Understanding the cultural milieu of the past forty years is critical to understanding why traditional philosophical attacks on social constructivist ideas have proved impotent defenders of scientific realism. 相似文献
9.
张勉 《湖北广播电视大学学报》2011,31(8):91-92
术语在科技发展、文化传承和社会进步中起着举足轻重的作用。但术语有科技术语和社会科学术语之分。本文着重关注社会科学术语,因此,本文文中如不特别说明,提到术语一般指的都是科学技术术语。在双语词典中,包含社会科学术语是必要而且是不可避免的。本文尝试找到较好的社会科学术语的翻译方法以便于帮助词典用户提高他们的学习效率。 相似文献
10.
This study investigates staff members’ ideas and assumptions about visitors’ learning at science and technology centres. It also aims to explore in what ways their reasoning intersect with existing theories about learning within the field of science and technology centre research. The results of the study reveal that the staff members allude to learning processes differently by distinguishing organized from non‐organized learning, theoretical learning from practical hands‐on learning, and serious from non‐serious learning. According to most of the staff members, these also conclude with different learning outcomes. Further, a majority of the staff members state that they do not have any scientific knowledge about learning despite the fact that they work with the construction of new exhibitions. When discussing visitors’ learning, the staff members instead refer to personal experiences, professional experiences, professional education, and external references. When it comes to how they reason about the natural scientific content, nearly all express that they use references from the natural science community and researchers’ knowledge. The article moreover discusses in what ways a socio‐cultural approach may be used in order to understand how learning arises when visitors interact with exhibits. 相似文献
11.
Marcia McKenzie 《Environmental Education Research》2005,11(4):401-412
Described as ‘postexperimental’ and of the ‘post‐post period,’ the current moment in social science research is typified by multivoiced texts, researcher reflexivity, cultural criticism, and experimental works; characteristics in keeping with poststructurally informed understandings of social science research as contingent, evolving and messy. However, many researchers concerned with environmental education continue within positivistic or postpositivistic traditions, relying on understandings of reality as something that is out there to be discovered or approximated. This article explores the methodological considerations of post‐informed research, seeking to contribute to discussions of how environmental education research might better take issues of representation, legitimation, and politics into account. 相似文献
12.
Maria S. Rivera Maulucci 《科学教学研究杂志》2010,47(7):840-860
This study describes the resources and strategies middle school teachers, urban fellows, and a district science staff developer coactivated to resist the marginalization of science in a high‐poverty, low‐performing urban school. Through critical narrative inquiry, I document factors that marginalized science in three teachers' classrooms. The narratives show that constraints related to cultural, material, and social resources contributed to a more global symbolic resource constraint, the low status and priority of science in the school. The narratives develop a new category of strategic resources embodied or controlled by others and leveraged to improve students' opportunities to learn science. Attention to a broader array of resources, including social, symbolic, and strategic resources, helps to excavate some of the inertial forces that might derail efforts to teach for social justice. The findings provide a sense of how and why teachers might activate resources to resist the marginalization of science in their classrooms. © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 47:840–860, 2010 相似文献
13.
Maria S. Rivera Maulucci 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2010,5(3):625-647
Examining role forces and resources available to new teachers is crucial to understanding how teachers use and expand cultural,
social, and symbolic resources and how they engage teaching for social justice and caring in urban science education. This
critical narrative inquiry explores three levels of story. First, the narratives explore my role as a district science staff
developer and my efforts to leverage district resources to improve students’ opportunities to learn science. Second, the narratives
explore the ways in which a novice science teacher, Tina, navigated role forces and the aesthetic|authentic caring dialectic
in a high poverty, urban school. A third level of narrative draws on sociological theories of human interaction to explore
role forces and how they shaped Tina’s developmental trajectory. I describe how Tina expanded cultural, social, and symbolic
resources to enact her teaching role. 相似文献
14.
简要回顾龚育之在自然辩证法和科学学领域的学术历程。他从制定科技政策的实际需要出发,研究自然辩证法和科学技术论;他站在时代发展与国家和民族命运的高度反思科学的力量,提出科学思想是第一精神力量;他捍卫科学尊严,始终站在破除迷信和反对伪科学的前列;他强调科学与人文要相互融合,呼唤具有现代科学意识的人文精神和充满高度人文关怀的科学精神。 相似文献
15.
Peter Hatherley-Greene 《Cultural Studies of Science Education》2017,12(2):255-269
Scholars proved nature of science (NOS) has made certain contributions to science teaching and learning. Nonetheless, what, how and how much NOS should be integrated in the science curriculum of each country cannot be a benchmark, due to the influence of culture and society. Before employing NOS in a new context, it should be carefully studied. In assessing views of NOS in Vietnam, a developing country with Eastern culture where the NOS is not consider a compulsory learning outcome, there are several issues that researchers and educators should notice to develop an appropriate instrument that can clearly exhibit a NOS view of Vietnamese. They may include: time for the survey; length, content, type, and terms of the questionnaire; Vietnamese epistemology and philosophy; and some other Vietnamese social and cultural aspects. The most important reason for these considerations is that a Vietnamese view of NOS and NOS assessment possibly differs from the Western ideas due to the social and cultural impact. As a result, a Western assessment tool may become less effective in an Eastern context. The suggestions and implications in this study were derived from a prolonged investigation on Vietnamese science teacher educators and student teachers of School of Education, at Can Tho University, a State University in Mekong Delta region, Vietnam. 相似文献
16.
万里 《湖南城市学院学报》2014,(1):49-57
文化能展现一个城市的软实力进而促进硬实力持续发展。杭州灵动的自然景观、深厚的历史文化底蕴、鲜活丰富的经济社会文化生活与多元质朴的岁时节令习俗成为其独特魅力,是其经济社会繁华持续千年的重要原因。南宋杭州城市文化的繁荣给后人留下不少启示：历代莅杭官吏中的有识之士与杭州民众不断为杭州的自然环境增添新的历史文化内涵,凸显了政府在城市文化形成和文化产业开发中的作用;文化不止是可以丰富市民的文化生活和精神生活,还可以促进经济社会的发展。 相似文献
17.
Jonas Hallström 《History of education》2013,42(2):239-259
The aim of this article is to investigate and analyse the cultural boundaries of school biology, and to a certain extent the natural science subjects in general, in two Swedish curriculum reforms, from the viewpoint of the Swedish Association of Biology Teachers (ABT). Thomas Gieryn’s concept of boundary‐work is thus used in analysing how the ABT acted to ‘hold the subject’s territory’. The ABT had substantial influence on the content of the new biology curricula, although this was sometimes achieved after internal conflict and required support from other actors, especially university biologists. Upper secondary biology had the highest status and was seen as a science, related to modern biological research and curriculum development, particularly in the USA. Despite the efforts of the ABT boundary‐work was unsuccessful in respect of the timetable; the natural science subjects were reduced both at the lower and upper secondary level, in contrast to what happened in many other Western countries. 相似文献
18.
A bstract . Although the natural sciences are dedicated to understanding the natural world, they are also dynamic and shaped by cultural values. The sciences and attendant technologies could be very responsive to a population that participates in and uses them responsibly. In this essay, Nancy Brickhouse and Julie Kittleson argue for re-visioning the sciences in ways that respond to diversity. By way of educational processes, the sciences might be reshaped to advance critical issues such as social justice and eco-justice. This vision of science and science education opens up new possibilities for what counts as scientific knowledge and what it means to participate in science. We envision schools where young people learn to engage in science in ways that lead to the development of the science we need. To disengage in science is to leave it in the hands of elites whose values may work against the possibility of an ecologically and socially just society. 相似文献
19.
The notion that science objectively discovers natural “truths” is problematic, as social influence is always present in research. This is especially apparent when science investigates such concepts as race, class. and gender where differential social power relations are evident. To demonstrate this assertion, we review twentieth-century research comparing “black” and “white” infant motor development. We have approached this paper from the stance that science is a social activity, with all observations influenced by, as well as reflective of, the values of scientists and the political leanings of the sociocultural context within which research is conducted. We suggest that when questions of group difference are pursued in science, awareness of how the categories themselves have been shaped by social and historical forces, as well as of the potential effects on society, is important. 相似文献
20.
Explanations of the role of analogies in learning science at a cognitive level are made in terms of creating bridges between new information and students' prior knowledge. In this empirical study of learning with analogies in an 11th grade chemistry class, we explore an alternative explanation at the “social” level where analogy shapes classroom discourse. Students in the study developed analogies within small groups and with their teacher. These classroom interactions were monitored to identify changes in discourse that took place through these activities. Beginning from socio‐cultural perspectives and hybridity, we investigated classroom discourse during analogical activities. From our analyses, we theorized a merged discourse that explains how the analog discourse becomes intertwined with the target discourse generating a transitional state where meanings, signs, symbols, and practices are in flux. Three categories were developed that capture how students intertwined the analog and target discourses—merged words, merged utterances/sentences, and merged practices. © 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Res Sci Teach 48: 771–792, 2011 相似文献