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1.
This paper aims to explain the implementation of blockchain technology in the production and supply chain delivery system for eggs from farm to consumer by a company based in the Midwestern USA. One of the primary research questions answered is how blockchain can be utilized and applied to more accurately and transparently move goods through global supply chains. This company is at the forefront of developing such systems for use in industry, and a use case for egg distribution is detailed. The goal is to track products from farm to fork using blockchain and internet of things (IoT) enabled technologies. By creating traceable and transparent supply chains for food, consumers can attain the information they need to make informed choices about the food they buy and the companies they support. For stakeholders in the food supply chain, having traceability and transparency builds better relationships with their customers, increases efficiency, and reduces the risk and cost of food recalls, fraud, and product loss. The blockchain technology and this business are creating a case for fixing and transforming the world’s food system. 相似文献
2.
The economic development of rural India requires connecting remote villages to local and global supply chains. Yet, high rates of financial exclusion inhibit rural Indians from participating in these supply networks. We review the literature on financial inclusion, adoption, and blockchain in India, and posit that to resolve financial exclusion, the four challenges of geographical access, high cost, inappropriate banking products, and financial illiteracy need to be overcome. Next, we argue that blockchain technologies hold the potential to overcome most of these challenges. However, for blockchain technologies to become the cornerstone of financial inclusion initiatives, an understanding of technology adoption in India is needed. To guide the development of such understanding, we develop a research agenda on the antecedents of adoption, adoption patterns, and outcomes of adoption. Answering these research questions will lead to a nuanced understanding of adoption of blockchain-based technologies in rural India. The practical contribution of this paper is the discussion of how blockchain can alleviate the issue of financial exclusion in rural India, thereby providing a basis for a solution that could connect rural Indians to global supply chain networks. The theoretical contribution lies in the identification of knowledge gaps that should be answered to achieve financial inclusion of rural Indians. 相似文献
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Traceability of ingredients in food supply chains has become paramount in a world in which markets become global, heterogeneous, and complex and in which consumers expect a high level of quality. The food supply chain consists of many organizations having different interests and are often reluctant to share traceability information with each other. Blockchain has been advocated for improving traceability by providing trust. Yet, practice proved to be more stubborn. The goal of this paper is to identify boundary conditions for sharing assurance information to improve traceability. Four cases in the food supply chain have been investigated using a template analysis of 16 interviews. Eighteen boundary conditions categorized in business, regulation, quality and traceability categories have been identified. Some boundary conditions were found in all supply chains, whereas others were found to be supply chain specific. Standardization of traceability processes and interfaces, having a joint platform and independent governance were found to be key boundary conditions before blockchain can be used. Our findings imply that supply chain systems have first to be modified and organizational measures need to be taken to fulfill the boundary conditions, before blockchain can be used successfully. 相似文献
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Blockchain technology is said to have a high disruptive potential and can do without an intermediary. Numerous contributions deal with its impact on and possibilities for logistics and supply chains. In this article, we use a multiple case analysis to develop an explanatory model for the interaction of actors in an operational supply chain involving blockchain technology. In addition, we show which intermediary tasks the blockchain could replace and what impact this would have on the industry logic. For this purpose, we analyze the status quo in practice based on a multiple case study with real use cases and find answers to our research questions. The findings of the paper include (1) insights into the impact of blockchain technology on the logistics industry, and (2) the implications and research questions related to blockchain technology and the impact of blockchain technology on business models. 相似文献
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This paper investigates the major implications of blockchain technology for operations management (OM) with a focus on the decision-making processes in supply chain management (SCM) from the perspective of sustainable performance. The links between blockchain technology, OM, and sustainability issues within SCM are analysed. This two-step research study includes a broad review of the main contributions in the literature that have focused on blockchain technology and OM in SCM. It covers the airport industry from the perspective of sustainable performance and data analysis by reading and processing financial statements, non-financial reports, and the website of one strategic airport infrastructure in southern Italy. The Italian airport infrastructure investigated successfully adopted the Airport Collaborative Decision Making (A-CDM) platform. This is one of the main blockchain technology applications in the airport industry. It promotes cooperation between the main players in the aviation industry and the air traffic controllers (ATCs) to reduce fragmentation, inefficiency, and uncoordinated operations. It also allows information and data sharing, but it is still not possible to observe a high level of sustainable performance.Although the adoption of blockchain technology presents numerous benefits, especially in improving OM, these new technological solutions do not guarantee the achievement of the best performance in terms of effectiveness, efficiency, and sustainability issues. Managers and policy makers need to work together to create a real forum within their collaborative network in which there is a common culture and mutual trust. This article adds an interesting reading of blockchain technology to the existing research with concerns about OM and sustainability issues within the airport setting in Italy. 相似文献
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Recent research call for action on digital sustainability research could potentially contribute to achieving United Nations (UN) Sustainable Development Goals (SDG). In this opinion piece, we specifically focus on artificial intelligence (AI) as a technology that could help achieve digital sustainability. We identify six dimensions related to AI grounded in past literature: sensemaking, relationships among actors in the supply chain, green creativity skills, metrics, strategies, and AI tool improvement. We conceptualize several propositions for these six dimensions, highlighting the nuances associated with AI for digital sustainability to provide clear directions for future research. 相似文献
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【目的/意义】构建基于区块链技术的供应链信息资源共享模型,突破供应链交易过程中存在的信息不对
称瓶颈,实现去中介的互信交易。【方法/过程】基于区块链的智能合约、分布式账本、共识机制等技术提出供应链信
息资源共享模型。采用设计科学研究理论,基于区块链技术对信息资源共享平台系统原型进行了深入探讨。【结
果/结论】深化区块链技术在供应链管理领域的实践应用,提供了一个弹性、可移植的多方共享并参与维护的信息
资源共享平台,供应链企业通过信息资源共享平台有效减少信息不对称,提高供应链运行效率。【创新/局限】将区
块链技术和供应链相结合,深化了区块链理论在供应链管理领域的应用。拥堵问题可能导致本系统的效率较低,
第三方信息交易平台同系统的接口还需要进一步完善。 相似文献
8.
The blockchain is considered to be the potential driver of the digital economy. The Blockchain technology outweighs the challenges associated with the traditional transaction business governed and regulated by the third trusted party. There is a growth in the interest among the researchers, the industry, and the academia to study and leverage the potential of Blockchain. Blockchain provides a decentralized and distributed public ledger for all the participating parties. Though it seems that blockchain is a viable choice and solution for all the centralized governed and regulated transactions (in digital online space), it has potential challenges that need to be resolved; opportunities to be explored, and applications to be studied. This paper utilizes a systematic literature review to study several research endeavors made in the domain of blockchain. To further research on blockchain adoption, the paper theoretically constructs an integrated framework of the blockchain innovation adoption process in an organization considering organizational and user acceptance perspectives. This would facilitate its widespread adoption, thereby achieving sustained leadership solutions. The paper offers 23 propositions to information systems (IS)/information management (IM) scholars with respect to innovation characteristics, organizational characteristics, environmental characteristics, and user acceptance characteristics. Further, the paper explores several areas of future research and directions that can provide deep insights for overcoming challenges and for the adoption of blockchain technology. 相似文献
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Global initiatives on climate protection and national sustainability policies are accelerating the replacement of fossil fuels with renewable energy sources. Many electricity suppliers are engaged in efforts to monetize this transition with ‘green’ services and products, such as Green Electricity Tariffs. These promise customers that their supply includes a specific share of green electricity, yet since electricity suppliers often fail to deliver on those promises, many customers have lost trust in their suppliers. Further information asymmetries may not only exacerbate this loss of trust, but also spark distrust and lead to an overall feeling of ambivalence. Eventually, ambivalent customers may feel inclined to switch suppliers. To prevent this domino effect, electricity suppliers must eliminate ambivalence by increasing customer trust and reducing customer distrust. Here, we discuss how these challenges can be met with a customer loyalty program built on blockchain technology. We developed the program following a Design Science Research approach that facilitated refinement in four iteration and evaluation cycles. Our results indicate that the developed customer loyalty program restores trust, reduces distrust, and resolves customer ambivalence by providing four features: improved customer agency, sufficient and verifiable information, appropriate levels of usability, and unobstructed data access. 相似文献
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The digitalization phenomenon is leveraging new relationship models through the entire supply chain network. In this outlook, blockchain is a cutting-edge technology that is already transforming and remodeling the relationships between all members of logistics and supply chain systems. Yet, while studies on blockchain have gained a relative pace over the recent years, the literature on this topic does not report sufficient research cases on blockchain adoption behavior at the individual level. The present study, therefore, aims to bridge this gap, notably by helping understand the individual blockchain adoption behavior in the logistics and supply chain field in India and the USA. Drawing on the emerging literature on blockchain, supply chain and network theory, as well as on technology acceptance models (TAMs), we have developed a model based on a slightly-altered version of the classical unified theory of acceptance and use of technology (UTAUT). The model being developed was then estimated using the Partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM). As the model was eventually supported, the results obtained revealed the existence of distinct adoption behaviors between India-based and USA-based professionals. In parallel, the findings appear as a useful contribution to and a sign of progress for the literature on IT adoption, SCM, and blockchain. 相似文献
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Immunization is an indispensable mechanism for preventing infectious diseases in modern society, and vaccine safety is closely related to public health and national security. However, issues such as vaccine expiration and vaccine record fraud are still widespread in vaccine supply chains. Therefore, an effective management system for the supervision of vaccine supply chains is urgently required. As the next generation of core technology after the Internet, blockchain is designed to build trust mechanisms that can change current information management methods. Meanwhile, the development of machine learning technologies provides additional ways to analyze the data in information management systems. The main objective of this study is to develop a “vaccine blockchain” system based on blockchain and machine learning technologies. This vaccine blockchain system is designed to support vaccine traceability and smart contract functions, and can be used to address the problems of vaccine expiration and vaccine record fraud. Additionally, the use of machine learning models can provide valuable recommendations to immunization practitioners and recipients, allowing them to choose better immunization methods and vaccines. 相似文献
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碳中和目标下,基于供应链调整各国间的碳排放关系,明确中国碳排放责任与形象,对于中国深化绿色发展、实现低碳转型具有重要意义。基于全球供应链视角,引入生产与贸易中的碳排放问题,并构建碳供应链测度分析模型。本文基于2008—2014年世界投入产出数据库（WIOD）数据,首先,明确中国在碳供应链生产端的国内生产长度、国外生产长度,以及中国在碳供应链贸易端的碳出口、碳进口规模;其次,测算并总结中国、美国等19个世界主要国家碳净出口与国内碳排放情况,对比分析上述国家碳泄漏与碳减排情况,从而剖析并刻画中国碳排放责任与形象;最后,基于19个世界主要国家碳供应链生产、贸易端的情况,总结得出各国碳供应链国内、国外情况,进一步探究中国在全球供应链视角下的碳排放责任与形象调整方向。结果表明：①中国国内生产长度呈现二、三、一产业梯次化衰减特征,国外生产长度明显趋短,且能源、电气等关键产业陷入低端锁定困局;②中国年均碳出口、碳进口分别达880.375 MT、401.328 MT,碳规模位居世界前列;③中国贡献了41.21%的碳净出口份额,美英日法则形成686.511 MT的碳泄漏缺口,中国以全球最大的碳净出口国家身份,在全球供应链体系中承担积极的碳排放责任;中美俄国内碳排放达到1000 MT以上,但中国碳减排率达3.79%,显著高于美国2.07%、俄罗斯-1.05%,中国以较高的碳利用率呈现碳减排形象;④中国国内、国外碳供应链均处于“野猪型”状态,碳供应链质量有待提升;发达国家国内碳供应链多以“水牛型”状态出现,萎缩的经济降低了生产能力与碳排放量;国外碳供应链中,发达国家多呈现“乌龟型”特征,碳减排乏力且碳排放责任推诿。因此,中国须针对生产环节调整产业结构,摆脱产业依赖,继续秉持大国碳减排责任、呈现积极的碳排放形象。 相似文献
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Blockchain Technology (BT) has led to a disruption in the supply chain by removing the trust related issues. Studies are being conducted worldwide to leverage the benefits provided by BT in improving the performance of the supply chains. The literature reveals BT to offer various benefits leading to improvements in the sustainable performance of the agriculture supply chains (ASC). It is expected that BT will bring a paradigm shift in the way the transactions are carried in the ASC by reducing the high number of intermediaries, delayed payments and high transaction lead times. India, a developing economy, caters to the food security needs of an ever-growing population and faces many challenges affecting ASC sustainability. It is therefore essential to adopt BT in the ASC to leverage the various benefits. In this study, we identify and establish the relationships between the enablers of BT adoption in ASC. Thirteen enablers were identified from the literature and validated by the experts before applying a combined Interpretive Structural Modelling (ISM) and Decision-Making Trial and Evaluation Laboratory (DEMATEL) methodology to envision the complex causal relationships between the identified BT enablers. The findings from the study suggest that, among the identified enablers, traceability was the most significant reason for BT implementation in ASC followed by auditability, immutability, and provenance. The findings of the study will help the practitioners to design the strategies for BT implementation in agriculture, creating a real-time data-driven ASC. The results will also help the policymakers in developing policies for faster implementation of BT ensuring food safety and sustainable ASCs. 相似文献
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本文分析了我国能源紧缺的严峻形势和煤炭产业在国民经济发展和能源安全战略的重要地位,特别指出实施煤炭资源的国际化延伸战略和国家实行煤炭资源战略储备和保护性开采是煤炭资源两大重要国家战略。论证了其与国家能源安全的重要战略意义,这是实现科学的发展观和涉及国民经济与社会发展可持续性的重大前瞻性问题;提出在国际上特别是煤炭资源赋存丰富的发展中国家投建煤矿、延伸能源供应链,确保我国能源供应的多样化、多渠道;在战术和战略层面上,提出我国现阶段优质煤炭资源实行保护性开采和储备的可行性与紧迫性,为真正解决我国煤炭产业国际化和国家能源与经济安全的长远大计所面临的实际问题提供决策依据。 相似文献
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敏捷制造环境下供应链管理的几个新问题 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：9
在全球化的制造环境里，供应链之间的竞争正在逐步取代传统的单个企业之间的竞争，供应链管理已经成为实施敏捷制造的重要环节。本总结了国内外供应链研究的最新进展及其发展方向，着重分析了敏捷供应链管理，全面供应链管理，客户化供应链管理，供应链结构评价，供应链结构匹配性等问题，同时，结合我制造业的实际情况与需求，探讨了实施供应链管理的区域性，层次性和多元化等问题。 相似文献
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分析区块链技术对供应链数据共享的驱动作用,并建立供应链多主体数据共享演化博弈模型,通过仿真模拟的方法探索供应链数据共享的影响因素及其演化路径.结果 表明,第一,区块链技术的应用有利于供应链内确认数据权属、统一数据标准、降低数据风险、提高惩罚力度,进而提高供应链数据共享水平;第二,数据共享激励系数和惩罚系数对供应链多主体数据共享意愿有正向影响,数字系统建设成本、共享边际成本和数据风险系数对其有负向影响. 相似文献
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基于区块链采用成本的考虑，构建电商平台主导、农企跟随的两阶段博弈模型，通过对比区块链技术应用前后批发价、零售价等决策变量以及农企和电商平台的利润变化，探究采纳区块链技术对批发价、零售价的影响，并找到在采用区块链技术情况下电商平台和农企均受益的路径。研究表明，电商平台采纳区块链技术会导致农企提升批发价，产品零售价也随之增加，同时产品需求量也增大；然而，采纳区块链技术的电商平台和农企却并不一定能实现双赢，只有满足农企学习效率为高水平或农企学习效率和电商平台的追溯效率均为低水平时，采纳区块链技术可使农企和电商平台共同受益；反之，采纳区块链技术只能使电商平台受益。因此，农企应根据自身学习效率的高低理智地作出相应决策。 相似文献
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供应链管理理论为供应链成员企业创造了巨大的价值,也使供应链管理理论成为管理科学近50年来最重要的理论之一。按照供应链管理发展的不同阶段,对供应链管理的内容进行整理。据此预测了电子市场环境下供应链间走向合作竞争的趋势,主张供应链在发展的过程中,应根据自身所处的环境特点制定恰当的策略。 相似文献