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科研管理信息化是提升科研管理水平的重要途径之一。本文就目前科研管理信息存在的问题。通过探讨适于研究院所发展的科研管理模式、科研管理信息系统的功能以及科研管理信息系统在科研管理创新中的作用及效果,提出大数据时代研究院所科研管理信息化建设创新的几点思考。 相似文献
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信息管理和知识管理辨析 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
信息管理是实现组织目标、满足组织要求、解决组织环境问题而对信息资源进行开发、规划、控制、集成、利用的一种战略管理。知识管理一方面是指对信息的管理；另一方面是对人的管理。信息管理是知识管理的基础，知识管理是信息管理的提升与升华。本文从信息管理和知识管理的概念入手，对信息管理是知识管理的基础，信息管理和知识管理的比较研究等问题进行了阐述。 相似文献
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医疗卫生信息公开本质上是政府信息公开在医疗卫生领域中的延伸。基于CNKI和WanfangData两大数据库平台对医疗卫生信息公开研究进行文献检索,并进行领域研究主题结构及其热点趋势分析。利用共词聚类分析方法识别出国内医疗卫生信息公开领域的六大研究主题,并挖掘出该领域研究的三大热点内容。面向制度构建的医疗卫生信息公开与信息安全协同博弈问题、社会公众参与监督和民主管理的医疗卫生信息公开长效机制、医疗卫生信息公开绩效评价等研究内容还亟待深入研究。 相似文献
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In our paper we present an experimental study which investigated the possibility to project the need for information specialists serving knowledge workers in knowledge industries on the basis of an average university library serving their counterparts at a university. Information management functions, i.e. functions and processes related to information evaluation, acquisition, metadata creation, etc., performed in an average university library are the starting point of this investigation. The fundamental assumption is that these functions do not only occur in libraries but also in other contexts like, for instance, in knowledge industries. As a consequence, we try to estimate the need for information professionals in knowledge industries by means of quantitative methods from library and information science (Library Planning Model) and economics (input output analysis, occupational analysis). Our study confirms the validity of our assumption. Accordingly, the number of information specialists projected on the basis of university libraries is consistent with their actual number reported in national statistics. However, in order to attain a close fit, we had to revise the original research model by dismissing the split-up of information specialists into reader services and technical services staff. 相似文献
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[目的/意义]通过共词分析和聚类分析研究国外2017年信息科学与图书馆学领域的研究热点。[方法/过程]首先从Web of Science收集数据;然后利用HistCite统计关键词频次,确定高频关键词;最后利用VOSviewer对原始数据进行处理,最终得到9个聚类。[结果/结论]研究发现,国外信息科学与图书馆学的研究主题可以归纳为以下9个方面：图书馆管理与服务、用户研究和信息素养;社交媒体、电子商务、电子政务、智慧城市、信息技术和信息安全;文献计量学、科学计量学和替代计量学;开放数据、数据分析、数据质量和数据挖掘等;开放存取、数字人文、数字图书馆和信息检索等;医疗健康信息学;知识管理与开放创新等;公共信息、信息分享、社交网络和政治交流;图书馆情报学教育。 相似文献
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本文明确提出在国家、地方和企业三级国家创新体系战略指导下建立网络型研究所的观点,近期按发达地区优先于欠发达地区、地区优先于行业的次序制定分部发展战略。在分析国家地方需求和计算所已有分部建设经验的基础上,提出网络型研究所相对于传统单地域研究所的主要特征:网状资源共享、总部研究(R)、分部开发(D)的分工和集中管理,提出依托信息系统建立统一的战略、人力、财务、课题和文化的一体化管理体系。 相似文献
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[研究目的]信息安全标准作为信息安全保障的指导性技术文件在保障我国信息安全方面起到至关重要的作用。有必要对比我国和ISO信息安全标准的差别,以查找问题。[研究方法]该研究通过文献计量和知识图谱相结合的方法对402项我国信息安全标准和378项ISO信息安全标准,以及71项我国在研标准计划和82项ISO在研标准计划进行对比分析。[研究结论]研究发现,我国信息安全标准从体量和更新速度上略胜ISO。从主题上来看,我国标准着重于技术类和应用类标准的发展,并已超越ISO。但在信息安全管理体系和隐私保护方面,我国相对落后。此外,我国标准化工作效率和完成度仍有提升空间。 相似文献
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The purposes of this research are two-fold: to explore the key content of the Mobile Information Systems (MobIS) field and to identify the intellectual structure within MobIS research. Although mobile technologies have developed at great speed, little research has focused on the macroscopic viewpoint to understand the core knowledge of MobIS and its intellectual structure. To fill this research gap, articles related to MobIS from the ISI Web of Knowledge database and their cited articles were collected, and then citation analysis and document co-citation analysis were applied, including factor analysis and cluster analysis. This research identified 75 highly-cited articles and yielded 6 core categories of knowledge in mobile information systems: (1) Technology Acceptance; (2) Mobile Commerce; (3) Technology Innovation; (4) Use of Mobile Technology; (5) Measurement and Evaluation of Information Technology; and (6) Information System Success. The findings demonstrate that the MobIS field is still young and evolving. The core knowledge categories will be useful for scholars from different disciplines to effectively understand the core concepts and their relevance in MobIS in order to uncover possible research directions and entry-points in this rapidly expanding research area. Practitioners can also discover trend lines for future development, as well as identify extended themes for integration into the current MobIS field. This will benefit both the maintenance of current framework and the development of new business opportunities. 相似文献
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文章对专利研究文献进行统计分析, 总结出我国专利研究的3个发展阶段:1970年以前的准备阶段, 1971-1999年的缓慢增长阶段和2000年以后的绝对增长阶段, 并对每一阶段我国专利法制建设进展进行了深入探讨;分析专利研究的行业分布, 包括科学研究管理在内的十大领域, 研究主题集中在专利分析、专利战略、专利制度等方面;专利研究的学科以管理学、法学、经济学和图书情报学为代表, 专利研究文献的来源期刊以知识产权类、科学管理类和图书情报类居多;而博硕士论文选题相对具体, 包括专利侵权、专利保护等。 相似文献
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Permanent and temporary work practices: knowledge integration and the meaning of boundary activities
Knowledge integration is a critical topic in current knowledge management research and practice. Research on this topic focuses primarily on how knowledge is integrated within a work setting. A less researched area is knowledge integration between different work groups. The purpose is hence to describe and analyze how knowledge is integrated between different work groups. We present two intensive case studies – one permanent and one temporary (project) work settings – which were studied using a practice-based perspective. A main result of the study is that knowledge integration in the two cases was more complicated than the literature suggests. Both differences and similarities were found between the two cases. Differences were seen in the use of boundary spanning activities and boundary objects, whereas similarities were found in the organizational structures and mechanisms, that is, purposes, rules, and infrastructures, which facilitated the integration of knowledge and/or functioned as obstacles and impediments. 相似文献
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《International Journal of Information Management》2017,37(5):455-472
Managing information about client requirements effectively can contribute to improve the quality of built facilities, and their related services. However, the process has been challenging to construction project management often resulting in failed projects. This necessitates an overwhelming need for a better approach. This paper presents a novel enterprise architecture framework for managing information about client requirements across all phases of a construction project and through-life of a built facility. The Integrated electronic Requirements Information Management Framework (eRIM) defines an information-centric, and process and service-oriented enterprise architecture approach to requirements management. It also describes how Information and Communication Technology (ICT)/Information Systems (IS) can support this information management. In developing the framework, findings from three case study projects were collated through observations, a questionnaire and interviews of construction practitioners. It is concluded that when implemented and incorporated in the management of construction projects, the eRIM architecture framework can potentially contribute towards improved and more efficient and effective management of client requirements across all stages of a project. Further work is outlined to operationalize the framework. 相似文献
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信息多元化与科研管理创新 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
知识经济时代，科学研究实质上是知识创新与生产的过程，而信息化管理是知识生产的基本条件和重要保障之一。运用新的多元化信息技术手段，对科学研究进行经常性、制度化的长期监测以及评估。通过基于现代多元化信息技术的技术监测与科研管理课题立项决策与创新过程中交互应用，完善科研课题立项创新，从而加强科技管理的科学性。在分析知识信息的多元化及科技管理创新的基础上，提出了改进科研信息技术的宏观建议，并结合目前我国高校科研实际。对加强科研信息综合管理的可行措施与开放性管理进行了探讨。 相似文献
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情报检索是情报研究工作的前提和核心。本文基于科学知识图谱理论,对近数十年来情报检索的研究做概貌性描述,运用主题词词频分析、聚类分析、共词分析、合著分析等文献计量方法,统计了情报检索领域1956-2015年的103 733篇学术文献,对文献的时间分布、文献主题分布、关键词词频、国家分布、机构分布、作者分布、合著关系等数据进行分析,并通过可视化知识图谱展示了作者合著关系以及主题词和关键词的共现关系。结果表明,情报检索的相关研究正处于快速发展阶段,研究主题明确、地域差距显著,已经形成了一批具有核心影响力的专家学者。本文通过分析情报检索领域的发展脉络,对于情报学领域的学者进一步寻找研究热点、挖掘新的研究问题具有一定的参考意义。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】探索科研工作者在科研知识交流中信息规避行为规律,为提高科研知识交流效率,优化科研
管理水平提供参考。【方法/过程】采用主题分析的方法对26名高校学生的半结构化访谈数据进行编码分析,构建科
研知识交流中信息规避行为的过程机制模型和影响机理模型。【结果/结论】科研知识交流中信息规避行为的影响
因素包括情感因素、认知因素、社会影响、生理因素、人格特质、信息因素和环境条件。信息过载、信息兴趣、信息相
似性和资源可用性通过消极情绪和应对自我效能感间接影响信息规避,而主观规范、感知信息信任和表达可行度
对信息规避行为有直接驱动作用;信息规避策略包括部分规避和完全规避两种,以部分规避为主;信息规避行为主
要对科研人员和科研管理产生消极影响。【创新/局限】清晰阐明了科研知识交流中信息规避行为的表现形式及前
因后果,讨论了多维关键因素参与的信息规避行为的影响机理,但样本类型较为单一,未进行定量化验证。 相似文献
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知识属性环境动态性与技术联盟内企业创新绩效 《科学学研究》2017,35(10):1594-1600
中国经济体制转型的背景下,企业如何提高创新绩效是一个重要的研究议题。尽管以往学者已经认识到环境动态性在知识属性对企业创新绩效的影响中发挥重要作用,但是检验这三者之间关系的研究并不多。本研究将知识属性、环境动态性、技术联盟内企业创新绩效整合在一个理论模型中,对技术联盟内300家科技型小微企业进行实证研究。研究结果表明：知识隐秘性对技术联盟内企业创新绩效产生负向影响,知识复杂性对技术联盟内企业创新绩效产生正向影响,环境动态性正向调节知识隐秘性、知识复杂性与技术联盟内企业创新绩效的关系。本研究在推进相关理论研究的同时,也为加强小微企业管理,促进企业成果转化的创新实践提供有益的启发。 相似文献
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Context Open Source Software (OSS) development is a knowledge focused activity which relies heavily on contributors who can be volunteers or paid workers and are geographically distributed. While working on OSS projects contributors acquire project related individualistic knowledge and gain experience and skills, which often remains unshared with others and is usually lost once contributors leave a project. All software development organisations face the problem of knowledge loss as employees leave, but this situation is exasperated in OSS projects where most contributors are volunteers with largely unpredictable engagement durations. Contributor turnover is inevitable due to the transient nature of OSS project workforces causing knowledge loss, which threatens the overall sustainability of OSS projects and impacts negatively on software quality and contributor productivity.ObjectiveThe objective of this work is to deeply and systematically investigate the phenomenon of knowledge loss due to contributor turnover in OSS projects as presented in the state-of-the-art literature and to synthesise the information presented on the topic. Furthermore, based on the learning arising from our investigation it is our intention to identify mechanisms to reduce the overall effects of knowledge loss in OSS projects.MethodologyWe use the snowballing methodology to identify the relevant literature on knowledge loss due to contributor turnover in OSS projects. This robust methodology for a literature review includes research question, search strategy, inclusion, exclusion, quality criteria, and data synthesis. The search strategy, and inclusion, exclusions and quality criteria are applied as a part of snowballing procedure.Snowballing is considered an efficient and reliable way to conduct a systematic literature review, providing a robust alternative to mechanically searching individual databases for given topics.ResultKnowledge sharing in OSS projects is abundant but there is no evidence of a formal strategy or practice to manage knowledge. Due to the dynamic and diverse nature of OSS projects, knowledge management is considered a challenging task and there is a need for a proactive mechanism to share knowledge in the OSS community for knowledge to be reused in the future by the OSS project contributors. From the collection of papers found using snowballing, we consolidated various themes on knowledge loss due to contributor turnover in OSS projects and identified 11 impacts due to knowledge loss in OSS projects, and 10 mitigations to manage with knowledge loss in OSS projects.ConclusionIn this paper, we propose future research directions to investigate integration of proactive knowledge retention practices with the existing OSS practices to reduce the current knowledge loss problem. We suggest that there is insufficient attention paid to KM in general in OSS, in particular there would appear to an absence of proactive measures to reduce the potential impact of knowledge loss. We also propose the need for a KM evaluation metric in OSS projects, similar to the ones that evaluate health of online communities, which should help to inform potential consumers of the OSS of the KM status on a project, something that is not existent today. 相似文献
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项目过程往往包含两个方面：项目管理过程和产品开发过程,尽管不同领域的产品开发过程千差万别,项目管理的活动却存在着一种通用性,文章以项目管理知识体系为依据,将管理信息系统与项目管理知识体系相融合,研究一种项目管理信息系统的通用性设计方案,为各领域的项目管理信息系统开发提供设计参考。 相似文献
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In 2019, the International Journal of Information Management (IJIM) celebrated its 40th year of publication. This study commemorates this event by presenting a retrospect of the journal. Using a range of bibliometric tools, we find that the journal has grown impressively in terms of publication and citation. The contributions come from all over the world, but the majority are from Europe and the United States. The journal has mostly published empirical articles, with its authors dominantly using quantitative methodology. Further, the culture of collaboration has increased among authors over the years. The journal publishes on a number of including managing information systems, information technologies and their application in business, technology acceptance among consumers, using information systems for decision making, social perspectives on knowledge management, and information research from the social science perspective. Regression analysis reveals that article attributes such as article order, methodology, presence of authors from Europe, number of references, number of keywords, and abstract length have a significant association with the citations. Finally, we find that conceptual and review articles have a positive association with citations. 相似文献
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Llewellyn C.M. Tang Yuyang Zhao Simon Austin Mansur Darlington Steve Culley 《International Journal of Information Management》2010
In the emerging digital economy, the management of information in aerospace and construction organisations is facing a particular challenge due to the ever-increasing volume of information and the extensive use of information and communication technologies (ICTs). This paper addresses the problems of information overload and the value of information in both industries by providing some cross-disciplinary insights. In particular it identifies major issues and challenges in the current information evaluation practice in these two industries. Interviews were conducted to get a spectrum of industrial perspectives (director/strategic, project management and ICT/document management) on these issues in particular to information storage and retrieval strategies and the contrasting approaches to knowledge and information management of personalisation and codification. Industry feedback was collected by a follow-up workshop to strengthen the findings of the research. An information-handling agenda is outlined for the development of a future Information Evaluation Methodology (IEM) which could facilitate the practice of the codification of high-value information in order to support through-life knowledge and information management (K&IM) practice. 相似文献