共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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随着心理测量理论的发展,潜在分类模型越来越多地受到国外研究者的关注,它能够通过分析考生的作答过程来探讨其潜在能力倾向,改变了以总分来评判学生能力的传统评价模式。首先探讨了作为该类模型基础的规则空间模型,然后综述了近年来国外有关潜在分类模型的研究,最后对该模型的研究现状进行了评价并对未来发展进行了展望。 相似文献
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测量理论的新进展:规则空间模型 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
规则空间模型是一种基于统计模式识别和分类取向的认知诊断理论,该模型可用于识别学生的知识结构及诊断学生解题中所犯的错误,它克服了CTT和IRT在教学评价中的缺陷,开创了心理测量领域新的里程碑。该文首先介绍了规则空间模型的基本原理及阶段过程,然后对模型的理论进展及应用进行举例说明,最后对模型进行了评价和展望。 相似文献
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近年来,口语报告分析法已成为研究被试认知过程的主要研究方法之一。本文是通过口语报告分析法来展示儿童推理过程中的心理模型的建构情况,借以研究分析儿童推理时的认知策略,同时对心理模型理论进行了检验。 相似文献
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采用LLTM作测量与认知结合研究的初步探讨 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
康春花 《江西师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2001,34(3):36-40
心理测量学与认知心理学相结合是新型测验理论和测验设计的核心思想，这两的结合需要理论证实的认知加工模型和基于现代测验理论之上的测量模型，本式图以空间认知能力的加工过程为便，采用LLTM作测量与认知结合研究的初步探讨。 相似文献
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测量决断理论是基于项目反应对被试进行分类决断的测量理论,在真实的测验情境中具有广泛的适应性。该文首先回顾了测量决断理论的发展历史,然后描述了理论模型的四个要素、三个关键概念和一系列决断准则,并基于Ruder的系列实证研究对其效果进行了评价,最后展望了该理论在我国心理与教育测量中的应用前景。 相似文献
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本文采用多维项目反应理论(MIRT)中的补偿型模型,探索性地分析HSK(初中等)阅读部分的潜在维度空间,为HSK的构想效度研究提供一个佐证。实验使用自编程序估计参数。在模型拟合检验时,应用聚类分析技术为被试分组。结果表明:三维的MIRT模型是阅读部分的最佳心理计量模型,其中维度1能较好地区分被试,是阅读部分的主要测量对象。维度1与维度2所代表的能力呈一定相反的变化趋势,维度3较独立于其他两个维度。 相似文献
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以山西农民为被试,探讨农民的主观幸福感与心理控制源的状况及两者之间的关系。在质性研究的基础上对Rotter内控/外控量表修订以测查农民的心理控制源倾向,以Compbell编制的幸福感指数量表测量主观幸福感。方差分析结果表明,年龄和心理控制源水平的交互作用对农民的主观幸福感影响显著。同时,本研究结果支持心理控制源的"认知———知识系统"模型。 相似文献
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认知诊断通过分析被试的项目作答反应,推断被试的认知属性掌握状态,为学习困难学生设计补救教学提供了非常有价值的信息。本文作者在探讨了小学生多位数乘法计算能力的认知属性、编制了2份相同考核模式的认知诊断测验后,选择江西某小学310名高年级学生为被试,先施测第1份认知诊断测验,采用DINA模型,自编参数估计程序进行诊断,得到了每一个被试的属性掌握模式分类及全体被试在各个属性上的掌握情况。然后设计和实施补救教学,在实施补救教学后再施测第2份认知诊断测验以检验补救效果。研究发现：（1）该小学高年级学生对0XN运算法则、多位数乘以两位数的运算程序、乘法进位认知属性的掌握不太理想,特别是乘法进位。（2）属性掌握模式中属全部掌握模式的被试人数占86．47％,其余被试均分类于存在各种认知不足的掌握模式。（3）比较两份认知诊断测验报告,结果表明在认知诊断指导下的补救教学有针对性,补救后被试正确作答项目增多,属性掌握个数也有所增加,补救效果良好。 相似文献
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In educational and psychological measurement, a person-fit statistic (PFS) is designed to identify aberrant response patterns. For parametric PFSs, valid inference depends on several assumptions, one of which is that the item response theory (IRT) model is correctly specified. Previous studies have used empirical data sets to explore the effects of model misspecification on PFSs. We further this line of research by using a simulation study, which allows us to explore issues that may be of interest to practitioners. Results show that, depending on the generating and analysis item models, Type I error rates at fixed values of the latent variable may be greatly inflated, even when the aggregate rates are relatively accurate. Results also show that misspecification is most likely to affect PFSs for examinees with extreme latent variable scores. Two empirical data analyses are used to illustrate the importance of model specification. 相似文献
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Lawrence T. DeCarlo 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2005,42(1):53-76
An approach to essay grading based on signal detection theory (SDT) is presented. SDT offers a basis for understanding rater behavior with respect to the scoring of construct responses, in that it provides a theory of psychological processes underlying the raters' behavior. The approach also provides measures of the precision of the raters and the accuracy of classifications. An application of latent class SDT to essay grading is detailed, and similarities to and differences from item response theory (IRT) are noted. The validity and utility of classifications obtained from the SDT model and scores obtained from IRT models are compared. Validity coefficients were found to be about equal in magnitude across SDT and IRT models. Results from a simulation study of a 5-class SDT model with eight raters are also presented. 相似文献
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Cognitive diagnosis models provide profile information about a set of latent binary attributes, whereas item response models yield a summary report on a latent continuous trait. To utilize the advantages of both models, higher order cognitive diagnosis models were developed in which information about both latent binary attributes and latent continuous traits is available. To facilitate the utility of cognitive diagnosis models, corresponding computerized adaptive testing (CAT) algorithms were developed. Most of them adopt the fixed‐length rule to terminate CAT and are limited to ordinary cognitive diagnosis models. In this study, the higher order deterministic‐input, noisy‐and‐gate (DINA) model was used as an example, and three criteria based on the minimum‐precision termination rule were implemented: one for the latent class, one for the latent trait, and the other for both. The simulation results demonstrated that all of the termination criteria were successful when items were selected according to the Kullback‐Leibler information and the posterior‐weighted Kullback‐Leibler information, and the minimum‐precision rule outperformed the fixed‐length rule with a similar test length in recovering the latent attributes and the latent trait. 相似文献
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The qualitative characterization of individual performance that is central to modem psychological theory is not adequately modeled by traditional psychometric theory that assumes, among other things, unidimensionality. In the present study, data are presented that are more adequately modeled by HYBRID, a model that incorporates both latent trait and latent class components. The latent classes were defined by a cognitive analysis of the understanding that individuals have for a circumscribed domain. In addition to providing a better statistical fit, the analysis also improves the amount of diagnostic information available for a given individual. 相似文献
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Hung‐Yu Huang 《Journal of Educational Measurement》2017,54(4):440-480
Cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs) have been developed to evaluate the mastery status of individuals with respect to a set of defined attributes or skills that are measured through testing. When individuals are repeatedly administered a cognitive diagnosis test, a new class of multilevel CDMs is required to assess the changes in their attributes and simultaneously estimate the model parameters from the different measurements. In this study, the most general CDM of the generalized deterministic input, noisy “and” gate (G‐DINA) model was extended to a multilevel higher order CDM by embedding a multilevel structure into higher order latent traits. A series of simulations based on diverse factors was conducted to assess the quality of the parameter estimation. The results demonstrate that the model parameters can be recovered fairly well and attribute mastery can be precisely estimated if the sample size is large and the test is sufficiently long. The range of the location parameters had opposing effects on the recovery of the item and person parameters. Ignoring the multilevel structure in the data by fitting a single‐level G‐DINA model decreased the attribute classification accuracy and the precision of latent trait estimation. The number of measurement occasions had a substantial impact on latent trait estimation. Satisfactory model and person parameter recoveries could be achieved even when assumptions of the measurement invariance of the model parameters over time were violated. A longitudinal basic ability assessment is outlined to demonstrate the application of the new models. 相似文献
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《Structural equation modeling》2013,20(4):544-565
Both structural equation modeling (SEM) and item response theory (IRT) can be used for factor analysis of dichotomous item responses. In this case, the measurement models of both approaches are formally equivalent. They were refined within and across different disciplines, and make complementary contributions to central measurement problems encountered in almost all empirical social science research fields. In this article (a) fundamental formal similiarities between IRT and SEM models are pointed out. It will be demonstrated how both types of models can be used in combination to analyze (b) the dimensional structure and (c) the measurement invariance of survey item responses. All analyses are conducted with Mplus, which allows an integrated application of both approaches in a unified, general latent variable modeling framework. The aim is to promote a diffusion of useful measurement techniques and skills from different disciplines into empirical social research. 相似文献
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Yan Wang Eunsook Kim John M. Ferron Robert F. Dedrick Tony X. Tan Stephen Stark 《Educational and psychological measurement》2021,81(1):61
Factor mixture modeling (FMM) has been increasingly used to investigate unobserved population heterogeneity. This study examined the issue of covariate effects with FMM in the context of measurement invariance testing. Specifically, the impact of excluding and misspecifying covariate effects on measurement invariance testing and class enumeration was investigated via Monte Carlo simulations. Data were generated based on FMM models with (1) a zero covariate effect, (2) a covariate effect on the latent class variable, and (3) covariate effects on both the latent class variable and the factor. For each population model, different analysis models that excluded or misspecified covariate effects were fitted. Results highlighted the importance of including proper covariates in measurement invariance testing and evidenced the utility of a model comparison approach in searching for the correct specification of covariate effects and the level of measurement invariance. This approach was demonstrated using an empirical data set. Implications for methodological and applied research are discussed. 相似文献
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Assessment of Differential Item Functioning Under Cognitive Diagnosis Models: The DINA Model Example 
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下载免费PDF全文 The assessment of differential item functioning (DIF) is routinely conducted to ensure test fairness and validity. Although many DIF assessment methods have been developed in the context of classical test theory and item response theory, they are not applicable for cognitive diagnosis models (CDMs), as the underlying latent attributes of CDMs are multidimensional and binary. This study proposes a very general DIF assessment method in the CDM framework which is applicable for various CDMs, more than two groups of examinees, and multiple grouping variables that are categorical, continuous, observed, or latent. The parameters can be estimated with Markov chain Monte Carlo algorithms implemented in the freeware WinBUGS. Simulation results demonstrated a good parameter recovery and advantages in DIF assessment for the new method over the Wald method. 相似文献