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1.
Working memory capacity and reading skill moderate the effectiveness of strategy training in learning from hypertext 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
Johannes Naumann Tobias Richter Ursula Christmann Norbert Groeben 《Learning and individual differences》2008,18(2):197-213
Cognitive and metacognitive strategies are particularly important for learning with hypertext. The effectiveness of strategy training, however, depends on available working memory resources. Thus, especially learners high on working memory capacity can profit from strategy training, while learners low on working memory capacity might easily be overtaxed. In addition, efficient basic reading comprehension processes are important for strategy training to be successful: When both the newly acquired strategies and poorly routinized basic reading comprehension processes compete for working memory resources, navigation within the hypertext and learning might deteriorate rather than improve. In an experiment, 64 undergraduates learned with a comprehensive expository hypertext after receiving either a cognitive or a metacognitive or no strategy training. In line with the predictions, learners high on working memory capacity or reading skill could profit from learning strategy training in terms of learning outcomes and the quality of their navigational behavior. Learners low on working memory capacity or reading skill, in contrast, performed worse in both training conditions compared to the control condition. The improvement in learning outcomes for skilled learners as well as the impairment in learning outcomes for unskilled learners could be shown to be indirect effects mediated by the quality of navigational behavior. 相似文献
2.
王保昌 《湖南科技学院学报》2009,30(5)
该文采用定量与定性相结合的方法,对高三学生英语听力认知策略的差异性进行了调查.结果发现英语听力学习成功者比不成功者更多地使用了推理策略和联想发挥策略;两组学生都对母语有一定程度的依赖,但不成功组对母语的依赖程度更深;成功者比不成功者能更灵活有效地使用听力策略,而策略使用的有效性与学生的语言水平以及学生的短期记忆能力等语言学能密切相关. 相似文献
3.
大学生英语学习策略差异性研究 总被引：10，自引：0，他引：10
研究人员发现有意识地使用恰当的学习策略是成功语言学习者的重要特征之一。本研究选用40名大学生进行调查,旨在确定成功学习者与不成功学习者在语言学习过程中所使用的各类策略的频率和质量的差异。结果发现,两类学生在策略使用方面确实存在一些差异,然而,其差异性并无预先所设想的大,这与近年来的研究结果一致,也为课堂策略培训提供了依据。 相似文献
4.
左秀媛 《黑龙江教育学院学报》2012,31(2):178-180
在英语学习中,记忆单词对于众多英语学习者来说是最难过的一关,直接影响学习者的语言理解水平。猜词策略可以帮助学习者根据上下文挖掘出生僻词的意思,在一定程度上缓解了学习者词汇量不足带来的苦恼,进一步树立学习的信心。不过这一策略的有效运用需要合适的条件,学习者词汇量、词汇本身特点、学习者个人特点和学习环境都是影响因素,结合这些因素讨论该策略在我国学习者中的使用现状,并给出在教学与研究中有效运用该策略的相关建议,以期进一步提高英语教学效率和教学质量。 相似文献
5.
通过分析元认知知识,得出结论：元认知知识的应用对于学习者提高阅读水平,提升阅读速度和保证阅读质量起着非常重要的作用。元认知监控策略的应用可以促进学习者对学习内容即元认知客体的消化和吸收。 相似文献
6.
基于问题的学习是一种以学习者为中心、以问题为核心的高水平的学习,其问题是复杂、散乱和接近真实情境的.以<电路与电子学>课程中的"基本放大电路"教学单元为专题,从情境创设、教师导学、学生学习、小组协商、小组总结、评价与反思等几个环节架构教学流程,开展网络环境下基于问题的学习和任务驱动的自主探究及小组协作学习的教学试验,结果证明这个试验是成功的,网络环境下基于问题的学习提高了学习效率和教学质量. 相似文献
7.
文章以"信息技术课程教学法"课程为例,实施了头脑风暴、探究学习、案例分析、角色扮演四种教学策略,并利用定量分析与序列分析相结合的方法,对学习者的认知应用情况和行为应用情况进行了分析,梳理了四种教学策略下学习者的认知模式和行为模式。文章发现:头脑风暴策略下学习者的认知在低阶集中,易出现"羊群效应";案例分析策略下学习者的认知在中阶集中,便于提升批判思维能力;角色扮演、探究学习两种策略下学习者的认知在高阶集中,前者有利于意义协商,后者有利于知识的深层建构。基于上述结论,文章为教师今后开展混合式"金课"提出了相关建议,以期合理实施教学策略,提升混合式课程的教学质量。 相似文献
8.
Ming-Puu Chen Yu-Ting Wong Li-Chun Wang 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2014,62(2):163-185
The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of the type of exploratory strategy and level of prior knowledge on middle school students’ performance and motivation in learning chemical formulas via a 3D role-playing game (RPG). Two types of exploratory strategies—RPG exploratory with worked-example and RPG exploratory without worked-example—and two levels of prior knowledge—high prior knowledge and low prior knowledge—were examined in the study. The 5E Instructional Model was employed as a learning framework in the RPG game design of The Alchemist’s Fort. One hundred and fifteen eighth-grade students from a Taiwanese school voluntarily participated in the 3-week experiment. The results indicate that (1) significant worked-example effect was revealed on knowledge comprehension and marginal worked-example effect occurred on knowledge application; (2) regardless of the type of exploratory strategy employed, learners showed mild positive motivation toward learning chemistry via a 3D RPG game; (3) higher prior-knowledge learners outperformed their lower prior-knowledge peers on performance measures; and (4) high prior-knowledge learners showed a higher degree of motivation in self-efficacy and science learning value than did the low prior-knowledge learners; however, lower prior-knowledge learners revealed higher learning environment stimulation than did their high prior-knowledge peers. 相似文献
9.
Santiago R. Acuña Héctor García Rodicio Emilio Sánchez 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》2011,26(4):435-452
Despite the potential advantages of instructional explanations, evidence indicates that they are usually ineffective. Subsequent
work has shown that in order to make instructional explanations effective indeed, one successful strategy is to combine them
with indications of the limitations in learners' understanding that they are intended to revise, which makes learners deeply
process the explanations. We explored whether this is so for both learners with low and those with high prior domain knowledge.
In one experiment, 77 participants with low and high prior knowledge learned about plate tectonics from a multimedia presentation.
In addition to the presentation, half the participants received instructional explanations combined with indications, whereas
the rest received instructional explanations with no indications. After using the materials, the participants solved retention
and transfer tests. Results showed that low prior knowledge learners learned more from explanations including indications
of their misunderstandings, whereas high prior knowledge learners profited from instructional explanations either with or
without the indications. We discussed theoretical and practical implications. 相似文献
10.
非英语专业大学生英语词汇学习策略研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
以问卷和访谈为工具,研究非英语专业大学生英语词汇学习策略使用现状及好学生和差学生的词汇学习策略运用差异。研究结果发现：中国非英语专业大学生能够运用多种词汇学习策略来学习英语词汇,但策略运用的总体水平不够理想。好学生比差学生更善于运用各种英语词汇学习策略。 相似文献
11.
运用定量和定性研究的方法,可分析出非英语专业学生在词汇学习中策略使用的总体倾向,比较善学与不善学在策略运用上的异同。研究结果表明：学生在词汇学习过程中广泛运用各种元认知策略、认知策略及社会/情感策略,善学与不善学在策略运用上存在明显差异。 相似文献
12.
闵祖传 《湖北第二师范学院学报》2013,(10):90-92
从教师的教学经验、教学方法和教学步骤三个方面探讨了大学英语教师对大学英语学习者英语阅读策略的形成和使用所产生的影响,为大学英语教师帮助学习者形成和使用英语阅读策略提供理论和实践经验. 相似文献
13.
This study investigated the effectiveness of cognitive strategy instruction in writing with adult literacy learners. Three middle-aged African-American adults participating in adult education with the goal of passing the GED received tutoring in a strategy for planning, writing, and revising persuasive essays along with self-regulation strategies. The study used a multiple-baseline design across participants with multiple probes. All the adults made consistent gains from baseline to posttest in the quality and organization of their essays. Mean gains in overall quality from baseline to posttest for the three students were 2.7, 1.9, and 1.7 on a 7-point scale. Percentage of non-overlapping data (PND) was 100% for text structure organization and 89% for quality. The results demonstrate that strategy instruction, which has had positive effects with school-age students, has potential for adult literacy learners as well. 相似文献
14.
《大学体验英语——听说教程》与语言学习策略 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
听力作为一种输入型技能,在英语学习中起着极其重要的作用。但由于听力上的障碍,许多英语学习者缺乏口语交际能力。《 大学体验英语———听说教程》 体现的教学新理念、独特的架构和新颖的学生课后自测配套材料等反映出听力教学中语言学习策略有重要的作用。这些学习策略的有效运用将大大提高习得者的语言成功机会,有效地提高习得者的英语实际交际能力。 相似文献
15.
本介绍了学习代理人在学习系统中所扮演的角色及与学习之间的关系，提出了基于网络的智能代理实验学习系统。在学习过程中，学习和学习代理人根据学习情况扮演教师、学伴和学生，使学习以不同的心态思考问题，激发了学习的学习兴趣，提高了学习的认知水平和实验应用能力。 相似文献
16.
手势交互作为一种理想的虚拟现实交互技术,其在虚拟实验中的应用能够很好地满足学习者多样化的交互需求并提升交互体验。然而,当前关于手势交互虚拟实验的研究大多聚焦于提高手势识别的准确率、设计开发不同领域的虚拟实验应用等方面,而对学习者在虚拟实验中的学习体验并未进行深入地研究。为了探索手势交互虚拟实验对学习者学习体验的影响机制,利用设计开发的基于Leap Motion的"计算机组成原理"虚拟实验,采用混合研究范式对学习者的沉浸感、学习动机和态度分别进行了测量与分析。结果表明:在手势交互虚拟实验中,学习动机作为中间因素会影响学习者的学习体验;身临其境的感觉和自然丰富的交互体验能够有效增强学习者的物理沉浸,进而提高学习者的学习动机,改善学习者的情感体验并增强其使用意愿,由此来促进学习者学习体验的提升。从改进实践的层面来看,未来应合理设计交互手势,创设高度沉浸的实验环境,优化虚拟实验任务设计,注重对学习反思的引导,以不断提升学习者在心理沉浸和学习效果方面的表现。 相似文献
17.
韩瑞芳 《内蒙古师范大学学报(哲学社会科学版)》2006,(Z1)
本文运用对英语学习者研究的方法,分析总结了中国英语学习者在阅读策略使用上的情况、成功阅读者与不成功阅读者在阅读策略使用上的不同以及这些策略的使用与阅读成绩之间的关系。研究结果发现,中国英语学习者使用阅读策略较频繁,成功与不成功阅读者在阅读策略使用上存在明显差异。 相似文献
18.
Self-directed learning with authentic and complex problems (problem-oriented learning) requires that learners observe their
own learning and use additional information when it is appropriate (e.g. hypertextual information in computer-supported learning
environments). Research results indicate that learners in problem-oriented learning environments often have difficulties using
additional information adequately, and that they should be supported. Two studies with a computer-supported problem-oriented
learning environment in the domain of medicine analysed the effects of strategy instruction on the use of additional information
and the quality of the problem representation. In Study 1, an expert model was used for strategy instruction. Two groups were
compared: one group with strategy modelling and one group without. Strategy modelling influenced the frequency of looked-up
hypertextual information, but did not influence the quality of learners' problem representations. This could be explained
by difficulties in applying the general hypertext information to the problem. In Study 2, the additional information was presented
in a more contextualised way as graphical representation of the case and its relevant concepts. Again, two groups were compared:
one with a strategy instruction text and one without. Strategy instruction texts supported an adequate use of this graphical
information by learners and had an effect on the quality of their problem representations. These findings are discussed with
respect to the design of additional help systems in problem-oriented learning environments.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
19.
元认知知识与英语写作 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
马俊芳 《洛阳师范学院学报》2010,29(6):130-132
基于元认知理论,元认知和写作有密切的关系。由于元认知知识在元认知理论中的重要性以及便于测量的特点,英语写作元认知的实证研究主要集中在元认知知识上。在英语写作中,认知主体(即写作者)需要对自己和他人的知识进行加工,了解自我写作能力,清楚写作动机,认识写作中的问题,收集从事写作任务所需信息资料,以及对完成这一写作任务所需的努力,然后为达到写作目标采用有效的认知策略,包括组织安排文章内容、修改文章内容和形式等。这三种成分之间相互联系又相互独立,对培养学生元认知能力,提高学生英语写作水平有重要作用。 相似文献
20.
学习型社会视野下成人学习品质调查分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
提高成人学习品质是构建学习型社会的一个重要课题。在江苏远程开放教育的调查研究中发现,成人学习者的学习动力品质、学习操作品质、学习监控品质和学习评价品质,具有职业性、目的性、自主性和现实性的特点,其影响因素包括学习者自身、教育机构和社会管理等方面。综合各项因素指标,构建出成人学习品质形成模型。远程开放教育提供的学习支持平台,应当激发成人学习者运用元认知策略,使成人学习者明确学习目标,提升学习动力,掌握科学学习方法,有效地控制和调节学习行为,引导自我学习反思,形成坚定的学习意志。 相似文献