共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 31 毫秒
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《Information processing & management》2020,57(2):102135
IT-enabled crowdsourcing is defined as technology-enabled outsourcing of tasks through an open call to the masses via the internet. Crowdsourcing is an IT artifact that has gone beyond the traditional boundaries of an organization to a much broader context. Over the past decade, research and practice on crowdsourcing have continued to grow, evolve, and revolutionize the way work gets done. Although numerous studies have been conducted in this area, our understanding of the main components involved in crowdsourcing processes remains limited. The goal of the current study is to conduct a structured literature review and synthesize the available crowdsourcing literature and applications in one coherent conceptual framework. The framework identifies the main elements involved in the crowdsourcing process and its characteristics. This framework extends the field of Information Systems (IS) and would help us better understand this phenomenon. Furthermore, the results of this study could potentially fill the knowledge gap in the crowdsourcing literature by identifying the main characteristics of a crowdsourcing process as a legitimate, IT-enabled form of problem-solving. Our results would also help organizations to leverage crowdsourcing more efficiently. 相似文献
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We investigate in the context of crowdsourcing how seekers can increase open innovation performance, measured as received solver attention, by making two strategic decisions: selecting innovation tasks that are well suited for crowdsourcing and choosing between the potentials of status signalling through identity disclosure versus enjoying the benefits of anonymity. Drawing on uncertainty reduction theory, we suggest that a well-articulated problem statement reduces uncertainties of potential solvers and increases their willingness to participate. We argue that the ability of seekers to draft high-quality problem statements depends on the distance between the problem domain and their current knowledge stock. An analysis of 637 crowdsourcing projects finds that problem-seeker knowledge distance and received solver attention are curvilinear related such that moderate levels of knowledge distance maximize solver participation. However, high-status seekers who engage in identity-based status signalling are able to benefit from crowdsourcing across all levels of problem-seeker knowledge distance. 相似文献
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考虑到平衡计分卡(Balanced Scorecard,BSC)具有平衡组织内外部要素、兼顾结果与驱动结果的因素、综合财务与非财务目标等优势,从战略视角构建基于BSC的众包创新战略地图,从财务、客户、内部流程、学习与成长四个维度识别影响众包创新目标实现的不确定性因素,得到众包创新项目的风险识别体系.提出整合模糊证据推理、灰色关联分析与FMEA模型的众包创新项目风险评价方法,并以海尔HOPE创新生态平台的"全光谱光源植物生长灯"项目开展应用研究.结果表明,接包方机会主义行为,知识产权归属不明,开放性文化冲突三项风险对该项目后续研发过程的影响最大,并提出相应对策,验证模型与方法的可行性与有效性. 相似文献
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本文基于工作投入和自我效能理论，对影响网络众包参与者创造力的关键路径进行分析，构建了网络众包参与者创造力影响因素模型。运用SEM模型对Kaggle网络众包竞赛平台的600位众包数据分析家的问卷调查数据进行实证检验，研究发现：（1）网络众包参与者的自我效能和工作投入都可以直接影响个人的创造力水平；（2）工作投入中的情感投入和认知投入对创造力有正向影响，而生理投入有负向影响；（3）自我效能中的领域任务自我效能和互动学习自我效能对创造力都有正向影响；（4）工作投入中的情感投入和认知投入在自我效能与创造力之间有中介作用；（5）自我效能中的领域任务自我效能和互动学习自我效能在工作投入与创造力之间也有中介作用。 相似文献
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Shanshan Lyu Wentao Ouyang Huawei Shen Xueqi Cheng 《Information processing & management》2019,56(4):1484-1493
The problem of quality estimation of crowdsourced work is of great importance. Although a variety of aggregation methods have been proposed to find high-quality structured claims in multiple-choice crowdsourcing tasks such as item labeling, they do not apply to more general tasks, such as article writing and brand design with unstructured submissions. One possibility to tackle this problem is to ask another set of crowd workers to review and grade each submission, essentially transforming unstructured submissions into structured ratings. Nevertheless, such an approach incurs unnecessary monetary cost and delay. In this paper, we address this problem by exploiting task requesters’ historical feedback and directly modeling the submission quality. We propose two embedding-based methods where the first one learns worker embedding and the second one learns both worker embedding and meta information embedding, with additional consideration of neighborhood similarity. Experimental results on three large-scale crowdsourcing data sets demonstrate that our embedding-based feature-learning methods perform much better than feature-engineering methods that use popular learning-to-rank algorithms. At the same time, our methods do not require additional crowdsourced grading. 相似文献
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基于资源编排理论,构建了众包模式通过资源柔性、协调柔性提升众包能力的理论模型。利用来自247家中国企业的问卷调研数据对所提假设及影响路径进行实证检验,研究结果表明：（1）众包模式对众包能力具有正向显著影响;（2）资源柔性在内向式众包与众包能力之间具有部分中介效应;协调柔性在外向式众包与众包能力之间具有部分中介效应;（3）组织学习氛围、流程正式化分别显著正向调节内向式众包与资源柔性间的关系,以及外向式众包与协调柔性间的关系。研究结果揭示了众包模式如何提升众包能力的过程,为我国企业发展众包能力有一定的启示作用。 相似文献
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基于已有研究和实践,首先对"众包"概念内涵进行分析,然后对众包与外包的区别、众包与电子商务的区别进行比较研究,最后对众包参与方的动机及众包的运行机制和模型进行剖析.研究发现:相较于外包,众包依赖于社会差异化、多样化的创新潜力,不受空间和距离的限制,交易成本降低,交易行为更为自由;相较于电子商务,众包主要为非标准化服务,不需要物流体系,消费者也可以是生产者;此外,企业进行众包的动机主要是获取外部资源及开放式创新,并通过选择合适的众包模型来参与众包.未来可从参与者、组织、众包系统3个不同的视角对众包问题进行研究.总之,企业通过众包模式可以减少创新成本,获取持续的竞争优势. 相似文献
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Crowdsourcing is a powerful method that leverages human intelligence to solve problems in the medical, linguistics, machine learning, and in a considerable number of other fields of study. This systematic review aims to understand how crowdsourcing projects are designed and executed in the state-of-the-art, considering the following dimensions: Task execution, quality management, and platform usage. Our results summarized trends of the important aspects of a crowdsourcing project, such as crowd and task types, crowdsourcing platforms, and activities used to manage the quality; we also addressed functions and limitations in traditional crowdsourcing platforms, the definition of a crowdsourcing workflow, and the lack of standardization when developing a crowdsourcing project. As future works, we wish to design a conceptual model that represents the important elements of a crowdsourcing project and their relationships, also, we wish to do further researchers focusing on how the quality mechanisms listed in this work should be used in crowdsourcing projects to get reliable results. 相似文献
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基于用户视角的我国众包网站质量评价研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
众包网站在众包实施过程中发挥着关键的中坚作用,基于用户的视角对我国众包网站的质量进行综合评价具有现实意义。以WebQual 4.0模型为基础构建众包网站的质量评价指标体系,并利用网络层次分析法确定各评价指标的权重值,最后依据该质量评价指标体系,通过真实的用户对我国代表性的三家众包网站（猪八戒网、威客中国网、小鱼儿网）的质量进行全面的评价分析。从评价结果中总结出提升我国众包网站质量的启示,也验证了本研究构建的众包网站质量评价指标体系的适用性和可操作性。 相似文献
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《Research Policy》2019,48(9):103825
Crowdsourcing is a particular form of open innovation (OI) that aims to boost idea-generation in innovation processes. The underlying rationale is that the collective intelligence of a large number of contributors outside the firm’s boundaries increases the likelihood of achieving ‘extreme outcomes’, i.e., high quality ideas with exceptional business potential. Due to the idiosyncrasies that differentiate crowdsourcing from other forms of OI, the findings from prior research on the performance implications of OI cannot be directly extended to crowdsourcing. Similarly, the findings on the effect of internal R&D on firm performance cannot be directly applied to crowdsourcing due to the greater uncertainty in dealing with a crowd of unknown individuals outside the organization whose ideas have to be evaluated and ultimately processed internally. Thus, while crowdsourcing research has recently burgeoned, it is ambiguous as to whether and when crowdsourcing is beneficial for firms. In fact, the overall effect of crowdsourcing on a firm’s future profits has not been thoroughly investigated. To fill this gap, we conducted an event study analyzing stock market reactions to crowdsourcing announcements, a forward-looking market-based measure able to isolate the effect of crowdsourcing on a firm’s future profits, which we refer to as firm stock market performance. Drawing on the resource-based view, we argue that an external crowd can become a valuable resource if the firm is able to extract value from it. Our findings show that two key contingency factors, i.e., brand value and investment opportunities, determine the boundary conditions that enable firms to extract value from the crowd, resulting in a positive stock market reaction to the announcement of a crowdsourcing campaign. In addition to advancing scholarly knowledge on crowdsourcing, our results provide practitioners with relevant indications for profitable crowdsourcing campaigns. 相似文献
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成果整合视角下的创意众包机制分析 《科学学研究》2017,35(9):1434-1440
本研究选取创意成果整合作为众包过程研究视角,使用理想化方法和案例分析法,尝试分析创意众包过程的运行机制。通过梳理和总结现有研究成果,界定众包过程、众包主体与众包目标的概念和内涵以及创意结构特征。然后,根据特征提出一个包含两个维度的创意结构框架,并以此框架对不同创意众包过程进行归类。在此基础上,设计出不同的创意众包评选方式和整合方式,进而给出一个概念模型图示。最后选取现实案例进行分析。本文对现实创意众包的整体规则设计有参考价值,并对于未来进一步研究众包运作过程有启发意义。 相似文献
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针对如何将个体的客观嵌入性和主观利他、利己动机整合到共享参与决策当中的系统分析不足问题,基于资源基础观和社会嵌入理论剖析创客成员在众包社区中的结构嵌入对其创意领地行为形成的影响,并检验利他主义、虚拟声誉关注对以上影响的联合调节作用,以揭示众包创客的众创参与决策过程.结果 显示:(1)众包社区结构嵌入负向影响创客成员的创意领地行为;(2)利他主义和虚拟声誉关注均显著负向调节结构嵌入与创意领地行为的关系;(3)利他主义和虚拟声誉关注在结构嵌入与创意领地行为关系中的联合调节作用显著.研究结论为众包社区的创意资源共享解决以及创客众创参与管理提供如下启示:首先,可以通过多元化渠道和途径加强创客成员的众包社区结构嵌入性;其次,有针对性地了解众包创新目标客户的需求偏好,提供创客创新技术与工具,优化社区创新体验,以有效推动社会创意资源配置效能最大化. 相似文献
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从当前管理实践出发,通过梳理现有文献,提出众包创新的本质为外部用户知识的有效获取和创新运用。构建双边视角下众包创新知识获取机制概念模型,分析双边视角下知识获取的关键影响因素,以及其对知识获取与众包创新绩效的影响机制。并探讨未来的研究方向,为提升众包创新绩效提供新的研究思路。 相似文献
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传统商业管理领域的众包延伸发展到政府管理领域,催生了政府前所未有的变革力量.美国的“同行专利审核”项目将专利审查公共任务进行众包,文章对美国政府专利审查中众包模式应用的背景、程序和效果予以论述,集中分析我国政府专利审查中现有技术信息不足的问题,从3个方面得到启示:开放政府是众包模式应用的基础环境;协同治理是众包模式应用的模式再造;集体智慧是众包模式应用的实质内核. 相似文献
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众包供应链作为一种以“互联网+创新”的新型供应链,正成为当今研究的热点。不同于传统企业内部开发设计新产品,众包供应链企业面对互联网特征的线上设计产品时,存在着网上海量设计参与者、消费者强调体验性和设计生产不熟悉等问题。又因其具有借力互联网性、大众参与性、参与群体异质性等特点,使得该供应链运作蕴藏着与传统供应链不一样的潜在风险。本文以Fuzzy-owa算子为分析方法,从供应链的角度以众包设计环节、供应环节、生产制造环节和销售环节,来评估新产品开发的众包供应链风险,并建立Dematel模型;在此基础上依据原因和结果两方面分析了主要风险间的逻辑关系,找出影响众包供应链发展的主要风险因素,并根据模型分析结果给出相关建议对策。 相似文献
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在已有研究的基础上,按照动机理论的研究框架,通过问卷调查,采用主成分分析法对网络大众参与众包行为的动机进行实证研究。研究表明,网络大众参与众包行为最主要的动机是内化的外部动机,其次是外部动机,最后是内部动机。原有文献研究认为网络大众参与众包行为的动机是外部动机和内部动机的描述是不完整的,文章研究补充完善了现有文献研究中对网络大众参与众包动机中内化的外部动机分析的缺失。也在一定程度上表明目前多数众包平台运营不佳的原因在于缺乏对于网络大众内化的外部动机的吸引力。根据分析结果,为网络众包发包方企业和众包平台制定相应决策,提高网络大众参与度提供决策参考。 相似文献