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1.
同伴关系是儿童生活经验中重要的社会关系之一,在儿童社会化过程中起着独特而无法替代的作用。我国特殊儿童同伴关系影响因素的研究对象涉及听觉障碍、视觉障碍、智力障碍和学习困难四类特殊儿童。这四类特殊儿童同伴关系影响因素的研究程度不同,如视障儿童同伴关系的影响因素研究只涉及心理理论,而影响学习困难儿童同伴关系的因素较为全面,包括性别、个性、社会行为、社会认知和情绪等个体的内在因素,还涉及外部因素中的家庭因素。 相似文献
2.
为明确把握特殊需要儿童同伴交往的研究热点,运用Citespace可视化软件对2001—2021年Web of Science核心合集数据库的研究文献进行分析。研究发现,特殊需要儿童同伴交往的国际研究热点包括以发展性障碍儿童为主体的多元同伴交往干预研究、特殊需要儿童会话交往能力缺陷的研究、个体友谊质量的研究和交往发起行为的研究。未来我国应推进信息技术和传统干预技术的深度融合,利用依恋的亲子关系构建积极的同伴关系,发挥融合教育活动的桥梁作用,更好地促进特殊需要儿童与同伴的交往。 相似文献
3.
宋若飞 《中小学心理健康教育》2022,(6)
留守儿童是我国社会转型发展时期出现的特殊群体,其心理健康状况总体不容乐观。同伴关系在留守儿童的发展过程中起着重要的作用,同伴接纳对儿童的发展发挥着积极作用,而同伴拒绝、同伴侵害会导致留守儿童出现心理扭曲、学业危机、品德不良等问题。综合历年来中小学留守儿童同伴关系的研究,从不同的角度探讨了同伴关系对留守儿童的影响并提出了教育建议。 相似文献
4.
学前阶段是特殊孩子与普通孩子融合的重要阶段。在幼儿园里,智能障碍儿童与普通儿童在相处过程中表现出一些特殊的同伴关系,这样的同伴关系对智能障碍儿童和普通儿童来说都具有重要的价值,作者通过长期的幼儿园一线观察,着力分析智能障碍儿童与普通儿童交往行为的特点。 相似文献
5.
刘春兰 《中小学心理健康教育》2009,(17):16-18
良好的同伴交往是儿童社会化发展中不可缺少的重要内容.福利院儿童是我国儿童中的一个特殊群体,他们大都有遭遗弃或失去亲人的痛苦经历,再加上特殊的福利院养育环境使其无法拥有普通家庭的正常情感体验,很多儿童在与同伴交流过程中表现出孤僻、偏执、攻击行为较多等不良交往习惯,严重影响了同伴关系的质量,对其正常的社会化产生了很大的影响. 相似文献
6.
自闭症是一种发展性障碍,对儿童身心发展影响极大,这种影响最根本、最深刻地体现在自闭症儿童人际交往方面的缺陷上。积极良好的同伴关系对幼儿的心理发展有着深远的重要作用,对自闭症等特殊儿童来说,积极的同伴关系更为迫切。将自闭症等儿童放置在普通集体环境中就学已是一种趋势,但是在普通集体环境中自闭症儿童是否真正与同伴发展积极的人际关系并融入集体,从已有研究及目前状况来看还不容乐观,笔者结合自身教学,谈谈自闭症儿童同伴关系发展及相关策略探析。 相似文献
7.
友谊是一种特殊的同伴关系,是以个体为指向的一对一的亲密的情感联系,它具有不同于同伴接纳的作用,因此友谊的研究一直是研究者十分关注的课题。近年来,友谊的研究逐渐转向考察其与相关因素之间的关系。本文从友谊与人际关系、行为、情感及特殊儿童的友谊等方面对儿童青少年的友谊相关研究进行了综述。随着研究的不断深入,友谊的相关研究还将进一步扩展和丰富。 相似文献
8.
文章通过对天水市9所幼儿园的教学活动进行观察,进而在征得特殊幼儿家长和幼儿教师同意的情况下,对18名特殊儿童进行了幼儿园环境、幼儿课程、同伴关系等方面的探索研究,并对18名特殊儿童进行了幼儿园环境的调整、开设亲社会课程、采取各种措施改善同伴关系和提高师幼互动质量等方面的教育尝试。 相似文献
9.
近年来,同伴介入法已被广泛运用于我国自闭症儿童的干预研究中,并被证实能够改善自闭症儿童的社交行为。为探讨同伴介入法应用于自闭症儿童干预研究的进展情况,文章从参与对象、目标行为、研究设计、干预结果等方面入手进行梳理与分析,并对未来相关研究的开展提出以下建议：增加同伴介入法本土化实证研究;建立被试与同伴之间的良好关系,增加社交可能性;丰富介入同伴的多样性;探索同伴介入法与其他方法相结合的方式。 相似文献
10.
留守儿童是伴随社会转型而产生的特殊群体,是中国特殊发展时期的历史产物．基于当前的社会现实和研究现状,重点探讨家庭系统功能、亲子教育和同伴关系对留守儿童的心理问题的影响．针对留守儿童的生存环境的改善提出建议,改善其家庭环境和心理氛围,为留守儿童建构有效的支持系统,以期提高我国留守儿童的心理健康水平． 相似文献
11.
Noemi Schoop‐Kasteler Christoph M. Müller 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2020,20(2):130-145
Students with intellectual disabilities (ID) often experience difficulties in their peer relationships at school. Although a broad knowledge base on peer relationships in inclusive classrooms exists, much less is known about peer relationships in special needs classrooms. We conducted a systematic review of the literature on peer relationships in special needs classrooms for students with ID. Studies that provided information on social status, social interactions, friendships, or the classroom networks of students with ID in special needs classrooms were included. Findings from 36 studies suggest that students with ID in special needs classrooms develop and maintain differentiated peer relationships. The characteristics of these peer relationships vary depending on student (e.g., cognitive skills) and classroom factors (e.g., type of special needs classroom). Results are discussed in terms of their relevance for supporting peer relationships between students with ID. Future directions for studying peer relationships in special needs classrooms are proposed. 相似文献
12.
In Hong Kong, children with special needs who are studying in mainstream schools are struggling for integration amidst the competitive and elitist culture of the educational environment. The purpose of the present study is to examine the accounts of parents of students with special needs and their children's experiences, and also to compare the integration experiences of children with different types of special needs in mainstream schools. Data was collected through a structured questionnaire, of which 515 valid examples were returned and analysed. Academic requirements were found to be a great burden to children and parents. Children with intellectual impairment, autism, and hyperactivity encountered more problems in peer relationships. These results suggest there is a need to devise target-specific strategies and supportive measures for children with different types of special needs. 相似文献
13.
Deborah F. G. Fraser 《Journal of Research in Special Educational Needs》2003,3(3):147-153
More children than ever before are surviving childhood cancer. While treatment protocols have improved, there is little consideration given to their ongoing educational needs, including their social needs for positive peer relationships and friendships. This qualitative study of 12 families included children from four to 15 years of age. Most of the children were attending primary school and half were still undergoing treatment. Interviews in family homes were undertaken with parents, children with cancer and their siblings. The results show that most of these children with cancer have special social relationship needs beyond the impact of absence from school. This article focuses specifically upon friendships and peer relationships which often change dramatically when a child has cancer. Such changes can place children with cancer at risk both academically and emotionally. Some suggestions for addressing this issue are explored. 相似文献
14.
John Parry 《International Journal of Early Years Education》2015,23(4):352-364
This paper reports on a small-scale study of the social interactions between six children labelled with special educational needs and their peers in their respective early years settings. Data from play observations, photographs and staff interviews is used to examine the dynamics of the connections that they make with other children. The position of these six children as active agents in making decisions about their peer interactions is highlighted and the ways that this agency is expressed is analysed. By focusing on the personal strategies that the children use to make social connections the findings contribute to the developing understanding of children's relationships within inclusive early years settings. In particular compatible play interests and personalities are identified as significant factors that attract children to one another in this case study. It also emerged that recurrent playmates did not feature consistently in the social exchanges involving this group of children. This factor is considered in the context of it being indicative of the social connections that children labelled with special educational needs pursue. Suggestions for further investigation are proposed and key practice messages offered around developing awareness and facilitation of social connections between children. 相似文献
15.
International studies have raised concerns about the academic and social implications of inclusive policies on school engagement and successful learning and, in particular, on the ways in which friendships are formed between students with SEN and other students. This article stems from research findings which show that Irish children with special educational needs like school less than their peers without SEN in mainstream settings. Using data from a large scale longitudinal study of 8578 9-year-olds, this paper uses a child centred research approach to investigate why this is the case particularly when they are in receipt of supports. To do this, we focus on processes underlying their dislike of school such as their academic engagement and social/peer relations. We measure academic engagement by looking at their interest in the subjects mathematics and reading and the extent to which they complete their homework. We examine the social/peer relations of students with special educational needs by assessing the extent to which they report liking their teacher. Using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) Scale and the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale we also examine the nature of peer relations among children with special educational needs in mainstream settings. Both academic engagement and social engagement play a central role in understanding the broader school engagement of children with special educational needs. By simultaneously examining the role of academic and social relations in shaping the engagement of children with SEN, the analysis provides a unique opportunity to fundamentally assess the barriers to true inclusion for children with special needs. 相似文献
16.
Karen Broomhead 《British Journal of Special Education》2013,40(1):14-21
Previous research on home–school relationships and blame has concentrated on the experiences of parents with children with behavioural, emotional and social difficulties (BESD). This has led to the voices of educational practitioners, as well as parents of children with other special educational needs, being neglected. This article, by Karen Broomhead of Lancaster University, details part of a larger study examining socio‐emotional aspects of home–school relationships between parents of children with special educational needs and educational practitioners. The study reported in this article explored perceptions of blame via semi‐structured interviews with 15 educational professionals and 22 parents of children with various special educational needs. The findings reveal that parental experiences of blame and guilt were influenced by the nature of their children's special educational needs, which consequently influenced parental focus on obtaining ‘labels’ of special educational needs for their children. The implications of these findings for educational practitioners are discussed. 相似文献
17.
Internationally and in Ireland, the adoption of inclusive education frameworks have been broadly welcomed, particularly by parents of children with special educational needs (SEN). Mainstreaming these children is generally viewed as positive primarily because of the social factors associated with attending mainstream schools for children with SEN. Despite this commonly held view, there is increasing evidence to show that children with SEN have difficulties participating in mainstream environments. Using data from the Growing Up in Ireland study of 8,578 nine year olds, this paper examines whether peer relations differ among typically developing students and students with different types of SEN. We focus on the quantity and quality of peer relations using data on the child’s number of friends and, using the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire, the quality of relations with their peers. These measures are examined by controlling for a range of individual, home and school-level factors simultaneously in a regression model. Our findings show that, all else being equal, students with SEN, particularly those with emotional and behavioural difficulties (EBD), are more likely to have fewer friends and experience negative peer relationships compared to their peers without any additional needs. Based on these findings, we argue that specific interventions may be needed to promote positive peer experiences for children with SEN in mainstream education. 相似文献
18.
OBJECTIVE: The aims of the present study were to investigate (1) whether young children with a known history of maltreatment by caregivers have more problematic peer relationships and classroom behaviors than other children, and (2) if children's behaviors with peers mediated associations between maltreatment and children's problem peer relations. METHOD: Participants included 400 young children (ages 4-8, M age=6.6), and 24 teachers in 22 schools. Six percent of children had a known history of maltreatment. Multiple methods (ratings and nominations) and reporters (children and teachers) were utilized to obtain information on peer relationships. Teachers reported children's physical/verbal aggression, and withdrawn and prosocial behaviors. RESULTS: Young children were able to nominate and rate whom they liked versus disliked in their classes, and their reports were modestly correlated with teacher reports. Regardless of the reporter, maltreated children were significantly more disliked, physically/verbally aggressive, withdrawn, and less prosocial, compared with their classmates. Among all children, physical/verbal aggression, withdrawal, and prosocial behavior were associated independently with some aspect of peer status. Maltreatment had indirect associations with peer likeability and peer rejection via maltreated children's relatively higher levels of physical/verbal aggression and, in some cases, withdrawal and relatively lower prosocial behavior. Maltreatment had an indirect association with teacher-reported peer acceptance via children's withdrawal. CONCLUSIONS: Findings indirectly associate early family experiences with problems in peer relationships, especially lower peer likeability and more rejection, via children's behaviors with peers. The finding that linkages exist even in the very earliest years of school highlights the need for very early home- or school-based efforts focused on improving behavior and relationships of maltreated children and others children with similar profiles. 相似文献
19.
This paper reports on a pilot study of the social interactions between two children labelled with special educational needs and their peers in an early years setting. Data from play observations and staff interviews are used to examine the dynamics of friendship groups that the two children have developed and the way that they attempt to make new connections with other children. Comparisons between the two children’s interactions with their recurrent playmates and less familiar peers are drawn and the significance of their agency in making decisions about developing relationships is highlighted. A theme that also emerges is that staff facilitating rather than directing interactions between the two children and their peers has the most positive impact. Areas for further investigation are suggested including the range of relationships that children identified with special educational needs establish with their peers and the nature of adult support that most effectively supports friendships between all children. 相似文献
20.
融合教育中的同伴作用策略 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
同伴作用是融合教育中需要予以特别重视的问题,其决定着融合教育的质量,它可以分担教师的工作压力和拓展融合教育的发展。常用的同伴作用策略有同伴指导、合作学习和反向融合。同伴作用策略的实施应着眼于满足残障儿童的特殊需要,形成系统的计划和关注全体学生的发展。 相似文献