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1.
1 Introduction Inrecentyears,manynewpowerswitchingsemiconductorshaveemergedduetotherapiddevelopmentofpowerelectronics.Itisnotstrangethatthemodelofanewlydevelopeddevicecannotbefoundinthelibraryofacircuitsimulator.Theusershavetoestablishthesimulationmode…  相似文献   

2.
INTRODUCTIONVarioustypesofsurgeabsorberstoprotectvariouslow voltageelectricalcircuitsfromtran sientovervoltageinclude :( 1 )gasdischargetube (gaseousgap) ,( 2 )varistors,( 3)semi conductorTVS (transientvoltagesuppressor) .Eachtypehasitsadvantagesanddisadvantages.Ga…  相似文献   

3.
INTRODUCTIONTypeIIsuperconductorsinasufficientlystrongmagneticfieldchangetoamixedstateandavortexlattice (VL)forms .Theinfluenceofquenchedrandompinningsonthevortexlatticeisasubjectoflongstandinginterest.Inapplica tionofhigh Tcsuperconductorsinstrongmag ne…  相似文献   

4.
Atpresent,Bi(2 2 2 3) /Agmultifilamentarysuper conductingtapesareconsideredthemostsuitablehightemperaturesuperconductors (HTS)tobeappliedtosu perconductingmagneticenergystorage(SMES) ,super conductingmagnets,superconductingfaultcurrentlim itersandcurrentleads,et…  相似文献   

5.
INTRODUCTIONThephysicsofavortexlattice (VL)intype IIsuperconductorshasbeenthefocusofinterestsincethebeginningofhigh Tc research .Itiswell knownthat,aftertheexternalmagneticfieldexceedsitscriticalvalueHc1 ,themagneticfieldcanpenetrateatype IIsuperconductorin…  相似文献   

6.
Sincethediscoveryofhightransitiontemperaturesuperconductors(HTS),manyattemptshavebeenmadetoproducebolometersoperatingatthetransitiontemperatureinthenearandfarinfraredwavelengthregion.Abolometerisatoolfordetectingthermalradiationfromanobjectbymeanso…  相似文献   

7.
INTRODUCTIONOverthepast 1 0years,thesemiconductorTiO2 asapromisingphotocatalysthasbecomethefocusofnumerousstudiesowingtoitsstabilityinvarioussolventsunderphotoirradiation ,suitableredoxpotentialandmanyenvironmentalapplica tions,suchassolarenergyconversion…  相似文献   

8.
1 Introduction Recentlyphthalocyanines (Pcs)asorganicsemicon ductorshaveattractedmoreattentionbecausetheyareverystable .Pcs possessbetter photoelectricalpropertiesandhighlyabsorptioninthevisiblelightre gion .SomepropertiesofPcscanbeimprovedalotbybondingtop…  相似文献   

9.
INTRODUCTIONInthispaper,weconsiderthefollowingcon vexquadraticprogrammingminf(x) =12 xTQx cTxs.t.Ax≤b ,x≥ 0( 1 )wherec ,xaren vectors,bisanm vector,AisamatrixandQisasymmetricpositivesemi definitem×nmatrix .Theformof( 1 )doesnotlosegenerality ,becauseanypequalitycon st…  相似文献   

10.
INTRODUCTIONIntheconventionalsuperconductors,ther mal fluctuationeffectsareverysmallbecauseofthelargecoherencelength .Mean fieldtheory ,therefore,cangiveagooddescriptionofthesesystems.Incontrast,becauseoftheshortcoher encelengthsandlargeanisotropy ,thermalf…  相似文献   

11.
A central controversy in developmental science, enflamed by nativist accounts, is whether development is best viewed as a series of qualitative or continuous changes. This article defends the notion of qualitative change from the perspective of dynamical systems theory (DST). Qualitative change within DST refers to the shift that occurs when a system goes from one attractor state through an instability into a different attractor state. Such changes occur on the second‐to‐second timescale of behavior. Thus, developmental analysis must always stay local, grounded in the real‐time attractor states around which behavior is organized. This article also demonstrates that qualitative and continuous change should not be cast in opposition. They are aligned concepts that work together across multiple timescales.  相似文献   

12.
极值控制理论是现代控制理论的基础之一,在航天﹑航海﹑航空的指导﹑导航和控制方面都能用到[4]。从椭圆极值原理与krein-Rutman定理结合,以及抛物极值原理与算子半群的关系中,了解弱极值原理在单调迭代中的应用,krein-Rutman定理是有限维的椭圆极值原理到无穷维的推广,算子半群也是从有限维的抛物极值原理到无穷维的推广,更加深刻地理解极值原理的意义,以便进一步研究(无穷维)动力系统的吸引子问题,特别是全局吸引子的存在性问题[5]。  相似文献   

13.
通过数值计算、理论推导分析了一个类Lorenz混沌系统的基本动力学特性,并通过数值仿真、相图、Poincare截面图和功率谱研究了这个系统的混沌行为。然后,构建一个受控系统并利用Lyapunov指数谱、分叉图分析了该系统混沌吸引子的形成机制。结果表明.该系统混沌吸引子可由两个卷形状演化为一个卷形状,并最终通过倍周期分叉的过程演化为周期运动的形状。  相似文献   

14.
为了产生复杂的超混沌吸引子,构造了一个新的四维非线性系统.利用理论分析和数值仿真手段分析了该系统的一些基本动力学性质,结果表明该系统随参数变化具有丰富的演化过程.  相似文献   

15.
提出一个新的混沌系统,分析了它的动力学性质,即平衡点的稳定性、耗散性、吸引子的存在性、Lyapunov指数、分数维、分岔图谱图、最大的Lyapunov指数图与庞开莱图,分析显示得到的系统是一个新的混沌吸引子.  相似文献   

16.
Probability density function (PDF) method is proposed for analysing the structure of the reconstructed attractor in computing the correlation dimensions of RR intervals of ten normal old men. PDF contains important information about the spatial distribution of the phase points in the reconstructed attractor. To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that the PDF method is put forward for the analysis of the reconstructed attractor structure. Numerical simulations demonstrate that the cardiac systems of healthy old men are about 6 - 6.5 dimensional complex dynamical systems. It is found that PDF is not symmetrically distributed when time delay is small, while PDF satisfies Gaussian distribution when time delay is big enough. A cluster effect mechanism is presented to explain this phenomenon. By studying the shape of PDFs, that the roles played by time delay are more important than embedding dimension in the reconstruction is clearly indicated. Results have demonstrated that the PDF method represents a promising numerical approach for the observation of the reconstructed attractor structure and may provide more information and new diagnostic potential of the analyzed cardiac system.  相似文献   

17.
Probability density function (PDF) method is proposed for analysing the structure of the reconstructed attractor in computing the correlation dimensions of RR intervals of ten normal old men.PDF contains important information about the spatial distribution of the phase points in the reconstructed attractor.To the best of our knowledge, it is the first time that the PDF method is put forward for the analysis of the reconstructed attractor structure.Numerical simulations demonstrate that the cardiac systems of healthy old men are about 6-6.5 dimensional complex dynamical systems.It is found that PDF is not symmetrically distributed when time delay is small, while PDF satisfies Gaussian distribution when time delay is big enough.A cluster effect mechanism is presented to explain this phenomenon.By studying the shape of PDFs, that the roles played by time delay are more important than embedding dimension in the reconstruction is clearly indicated.Results have demonstrated that the PDF method represents a promising numerical approach for the observation of the reconstructed attractor structure and may provide more information and new diagnostic potential of the analyzed cardiac system.  相似文献   

18.
A chaotic dynamical system is characterized by a positive averaged exponential separation of two neighboring trajectories over a chaotic attractor. Knowledge of the Largest Lyapunov Exponent λ1 of a dynamical system over a bounded attractor is necessary and sufficient for determining whether it is chaotic (λ1>0) or not (λ1≤0). We intended in this work to elaborate the connection between Local Lyapunov Exponents and the Largest Lyapunov Exponent where an altemative method to calculate λ1has emerged. Finally, we investigated some characteristics of the fixed points and periodic orbits embedded within a chaotic attractor which led to the conclusion of the existence of chaotic attractors that may not embed in any fixed point or periodic orbit within it.  相似文献   

19.
一种新的混沌系统的复合结构分析   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
分析了一种新的三维自治混沌系统吸引子的复合结构. 首先证明了该混沌系统存在5个平衡点, 讨论了系统的控制参数大小同平衡点稳定性之间的关系. 其次, 对吸引子在y-z平面的运动轨迹作了理论分析, 描述了吸引子存在及消失的原因. 最后, 通过对该混沌系统运动轨迹在不同控制参数作用下的计算机仿真, 揭示了涡卷数不同的混沌吸引子形成的过程. 表明该混沌系统具有复合结构, 能够演化成其他的三维自治混沌系统. 理论分析及仿真结果对分析其他具有相似结构的混沌系统具有重要的参考价值.  相似文献   

20.
A passive control strategy with nonlinear observer is proposed, which can be used to control a class of chaotic dynamical systems to stabilize at different equilibrium points. If the nonlinear function of chaotic system satisfies Lipschitz condition, the nonlinear observer can observe the state variables of the chaotic systems. An important property of passive system is studied to control chaotic systems, that is passive system can be asymptotically stabilized by state feedback controller whose state variables are presented by nonlinear observer. Simulation results indicated that the proposed chaos control method is very effective in a class of chaotic systems.  相似文献   

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