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1.
Richard Haynes 《Sport in History》2020,40(2):257-277
ABSTRACT This article focuses on the context of private sporting clubs, previously referred to by sports historians as ‘the long residuals of sport’, as important sites of sporting culture and sport heritage in local communities. The project explores the history and meaning of sport through intergenerational collaboration between the academic researcher, primary school children and experienced members of Glasgow Southside's sports community. The research reflects on the process of intergenerational learning, reminiscence and heritage activities to inform future cultural histories of sport, as well as sports development and future well-being. Through a focus on interpreting cultural and social change in Glasgow sport by educating children and elder members of the community in the use of sport media archives, as well affording opportunities to examine the usefulness of intergenerational communication in community settings, the project investigated the cultural transmission of sporting cultures of the past, and its influence over, or disconnection from, contemporary sporting practices of young people. The article concludes that by acknowledging and sharing the heritage of private sport clubs, such ‘communities of practice’ have an important role to play in fostering stronger socio-cultural ties between clubs, their members and young people. 相似文献
2.
This paper focuses on the role of a local sports club in shaping the lives of British African-Caribbean males in one British city over a 40-year period. The paper describes how the ‘Meadebrook Cavaliers’ has transitioned from its origins as an East Midlands parks-based football team in 1970 to a successful senior-level local football club by the early 1980s, before finally achieving a further social and financial organizational complexity in its charitable status, attained in 2009. Attention is paid specifically to the social formation of this largely masculine ‘black’ sport space over time and on how, and in what ways, these developments in local sport in one club in one British city are also intimately connected to wider social, economic and political developments in the UK. In doing so, the paper demonstrates, both theoretically and empirically, how the emergence of ‘black’ local football resonates with social change around ‘race’ politics in Britain during the period 1970–2010. By the same token, this mainly black male sporting space continues to reflect and influence change in the wider political, social and sporting terrains within which the club has been located – and within the dynamic black African-Caribbean communities which constitute it. 相似文献
3.
Charles Little 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(13):1677-1693
This paper addresses a major blind spot in the history of Australian sport by investigating women's participation in sport with relation to social class. This is a question that has been largely overlooked in the current literature on the history of women's sport, but stands out as an issue deserving of further attention. The paper considers whether the obstacles faced by Australian sportswomen have been irrespective of social class and status, or if working-class women faced a double burden of both gender and economic barriers to sporting activity? Drawing upon an in-depth examination of sport and identities in an inner-city working-class Australian suburb, the paper examines and analyses the sporting experiences of local women in the early part of the twentieth century. Based on an extensive evaluation (and critique) of the local, city and sporting press and local histories, the paper argues that not only did working-class women have far fewer opportunities to participate in sport than their working-class male counterparts, but that they also had much less access to sport than middle- and upper-class women. It concludes that issues relating to class were the most significant deterrent to sporting involvement amongst local women. 相似文献
4.
Hosting sporting mega-events involve considerable investment in and significant engagement with local communities. This paper contributes to the burgeoning literature about sporting mega event’s socio-geographical impacts on tourism, employment, urban regeneration, and socio-economic and cultural benefits. Within the context of 2014 FIFA World Cup in Brazil, we assess, utilizing interview data from local communities, the impact of the construction of the 2014 World Cup’s opening venue, ‘Arena Corinthians’ soccer stadium, in Itaquera, as well as other infrastructure developments more widely in the East Zone of São Paulo. The results point to the diversity of opinions among the resident community about the real legacies resulting from this sport mega-event. 相似文献
5.
《Sport Management Review》2014,17(2):107-120
Sport development is a core concern for all nations as they seek to enhance elite performance and cultivate opportunities for mass participation. In the sport of triathlon, new models for sport development have been shown to exist where third party organisations have a critical role in the delivery of it. Using institutional theory as a framework, the purpose of this study was to explore the emerging models of sport development in triathlon. A case study of triathlon in Australia and in the United States was used. The results illustrated emerging models of sport development in both the US and Australia. Third party organisations as well as local councils have become increasingly involved in the creation and implementation of programmes and activities that would normally be the responsibility of a governing body. As such, the organisational fields and institutional logics in triathlon are rendering governing bodies irrelevant. Governing bodies are grappling with finding relevance and legitimacy in triathlon. Implications for sport management research, practice, and education are discussed. 相似文献
6.
Melissa Jean Walsh 《国际体育史杂志》2018,35(1):87-107
AbstractThe Young Christian Workers (YCW) is an international movement for young Catholics, engaged through a method of education called ‘See, Judge, and Act’. From the 1950s to the 1980s, the Australian YCW became known for running campaigns on a range of social issues and the provision of services – including sporting events and competitions. In this paper, the development of the Australian YCW Football Association during the 1950s is explored, and the history of YCW members’ participation in public debates about the morality of Sunday sport, which culminated in a local referendum in the Melbourne suburb of Camberwell in 1959, is traced. Drawing on archival materials and interviews conducted with former young workers, the paper explores tensions within Christianity around the meaning of ‘leisure’, ‘idleness’, and Sunday as a day of observance and rest. This examination of the Melbourne debate of 1959 will show how religious tensions around Sunday sport were shaped by class, youth, and masculine identities. 相似文献
7.
Geraldine Biddle-Perry 《Sport in History》2014,34(2):295-317
This essay explores the evolution of modern sporting goods retailing through the development of Gamage's (A.W. Gamage Holborn Ltd.) before the First World War. The essay examines how Gamage's exploited new models of fashionable consumerism to create a unique retail environment that directly targeted young male consumers enjoying modern forms of sporting and recreational activities. By the end of the nineteenth century, the so-called ‘People's Popular Emporium’ purported to be the ‘world's largest sport and athletic outfitter’. The essay considers Gamage's rise to prominence in a crucial period in the development of commodity culture. It examines the changing cultural form of shops and shopping in relation to the desires of a burgeoning mass market that sought to express and visibly display its economic, sporting, and social status. 相似文献
8.
Birgit Braumüller 《Sportwissenschaft》2018,48(1):79-88
Adolescent living environments are highly influenced by the media and virtual social networks are becoming increasingly more important as mediators of the social environment and as distinct realities. In virtual rooms adolescents can interact, present themselves, show their social embedding in relationships and groups, and experience recognition and affirmation. Social networks offer space for dealing with juvenile developmental tasks and productive negotiations of identities. The increase in internet-based leisure patterns in adolescence is often described as a displacement of sport activities, although current studies report rather independent or engaging relations between physical and media activities. In social networks, such as facebook or instagram, a multitude of sporting scenes and topics can be found, whether this involves (audio)visual representations of individual sport activties, fan affiliation to professional sport, or virtual fitness programs. This study analyzes the meaning and relevance of the sport-related use of social networks for sport activties and the development of sporting identities. In qualitative guideline interviews with young adults (n =10) from various sporting contexts, three meaningful threads of a sport-related use of social networks for sport activities were identified: organization of sport activities, improvement of sporting abilities, and increase in motivation. Furthermore, the interviews disclosed three relevant concepts of sporting identities within the sport-related use of social networks that largely correspond with developmental tasks. The empirical findings reveal differentiated insights into the meaning of the sport-related use of social networks and confirm a high relevance for sport activities of young adults and the development and negotiation of their sporting identities. 相似文献
9.
《Sport Management Review》2019,22(5):736-747
Given the growth in the female sport fan base of North American major league sports and the development and expansion of women’s team-related apparel, the purpose of this study was to examine women sport fans’ perceptions of team apparel. The authors collected data through in-depth interviews with 16 Canadian women who self-identified as fans of professional sport teams. They perceived a lack of options in team apparel, despite the development of women’s clothing lines. Analysis of the aesthetics, symbolism, and instrumentality of team apparel using a third-wave feminist approach provides socio-cultural explanations for women fans’ dissatisfaction with existing offerings. This approach advances understandings of the social circumstances shaping women’s sport experiences as fans and the impact of gender on consumer engagement. Results suggest that sport teams need to recognize the diversity of women’s gender identities and expressions and provide a wider range of clothing that demonstrate their status as authentic fans. 相似文献
10.
This paper utilizes Māori Feminism from an Indigenous, intersectionality perspective in order to give four Māori women sport leaders an opportunity to voice their experiences, especially with regards to ethnocultural and gendered identities. In particular, this paper explores pathways for these Māori women into and within sport leadership. It identifies barriers they experienced and strategies used to negotiate them; it analyses the affect of various identities during their experiences of sport leadership; and it critically analyses the impact that socio-cultural and structural factors have had on the well-being of these Māori women, and their effectiveness within the sport organizations they worked. The findings suggest the participants had a strong passion for sport, experienced mana (status and prestige) due to their sporting experiences and were motivated to take on leadership roles in order to give back (mahi aroha) to sport and/or their Māori communities. Barriers they faced included being whakaiti (modest and humble) in a male-dominated, highly competitive setting, institutional racism, sexism, marginalization due to their ethnocultural and gendered identities, as well as limited resources and lack of support from governing bodies. These barriers were negotiated by having suitable mentors, utilising their sporting and community networks, by brokering relationships with members of the governing body, adopting a partnership approach, and challenging ethnocultural and gendered expectations. All of the participants incorporated aspects of Māori culture and values such as whanaungatanga (kinship), manaakitanga (support) and aroha (compassion) into their leadership style and organizational culture with mainly positive outcomes. Catering to the quadruple bottom line (economic, environmental, social and cultural measures of business success) and adhering to culturally preferred ways of communicating and consulting did, however, place additional strain on these women. The participants reflected a hybrid style of leadership that integrated values and behaviours associated with their sporting, gendered and ethnocultural identities. Further studies on indigenous women in sport leadership need to take place in order to bring to the fore socio-cultural and structural issues that arise due to the intersecting of Indigeneity and gender. In addition, the combined impact that diversity management and gender equity policies have on Indigenous women needs investigating in order to progress the ‘managing diversity’ discussion in sport. 相似文献
11.
休闲、休闲体育及其在中国的发展趋势 总被引：34，自引：1，他引：33
分析、诠释休闲及休闲体育的含义，追溯休闲及休闲体育的起源和发展演变过程，论述休闲体育所包含的5方面内容。提出休闲体育在中国的发展趋势：1）休闲体育将为全民健身活动提供更大的发展空间；2）休闲体育作为健康生活方式的重要内容，将从为身体健康的身体锻炼模式发展成为身心健康的休闲体育模式；3）休闲体育专业研究不断深入，其研究领域的价值和必要性将逐渐引起人们的重视；4）第29届奥运会将加速休闲体育在中国的普及与推广；5）电视、网络等大众媒体将在推动休闲体育的发展中发挥重要作用；6）休闲体育的普及将带动相关体育产业及就业市场的蓬勃发展。 相似文献
12.
Helge Chr. Pedersen 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(6):580-597
The use of skis has a long history in the core Sámi areas of Inner Finnmark in the north of Norway. It played a central role in the lives of nomadic Sámi communities for centuries. However, as an organised sport, skiing has a much shorter history in this area. The first sport club was established in 1927, almost 60 years after the first sport club was established in Finnmark. The integration and consolidation of sport in Inner Finnmark was also a slow process not concluded until the mid-1960s; some 40 years after its breakthrough along the coast of Finnmark. The organising of sport in the Sámi villages happened during a time of radical change in society. Until 1950s, Norwegian minority policies towards the Sámi population were characterised as strict assimilationist, or Norwegianisation, policy. This gradually changed towards a policy that emphasised cultural plurality, integration and greater political and cultural rights for the Sámi. At the same time, a state-driven modernisation process radically changed all aspects of the Sámi society. Even though sport had been a central element to Norwegian nation building throughout the twentieth century and despite the important role sport has played in many states' assimilationist strategies towards their indigenous populations, Norwegian authorities never used sport consciously in its minority policy. Despite this, sport helped in shaping modern Sámi society, and in shaping and reshaping ethnic and local identities in Inner Finnmark. 相似文献
13.
Lisa Taylor 《Sport in History》2018,38(3):307-330
The formation of the Women’s Amateur Rowing Association (WARA) in 1923 marked the start of a new phase of the sport’s history. Apart from any direct influence it could exercise as a governing body, its foundation suggests a commitment to building the longevity, reach and relevance of women’s rowing. Yet in the context of the renowned conservativism of the Amateur Rowing Association (ARA) which preceded it, and the complex social permissions around women’s sport in the early twentieth century, it also raises important questions about the organisation and status of women’s amateur rowing. This paper aims to extend the understanding of the WARA using prosopographical data and analysis in conjunction with archival material. It challenges the existing depiction of this sporting community and administration as a female reflection of the ARA, aiming to replicate its structures and, in doing so, to bolster its respectability and the legitimacy of its practice among the middle and upper classes. Analysis addresses the intersection of domestic, professional and sporting lives, the role of education in sporting participation and administration, and the influence of class across these issues. The paper also interrogates the use of prosopography as an analytical tool for this type of analysis. 相似文献
14.
Monuments to past and present sports performers are increasingly commonplace. Despite the potential for analyses of sports monuments to provide new and valuable insights into past and present sociocultural practices, studies of monuments and other forms of material culture have, until recently, received limited attention in sports historiography. In addition, new scholarship has tended to focus on sporting statues over other, non-figurative, monumental genres. This article will attempt to redress this relative neglect and contribute to a broadening discourse of sport, memory and materiality by analysing one particular sporting monument, a memorial obelisk erected in 1933 on the banks of the Brisbane River in Queensland, Australia to prominent 1920s sculler Arthur Alexander Baynes (1899–1932). The article examines Baynes' sporting career, considers his memorial within the context of obelisks and other commemorative monumental forms, and reads the memorial in its various discursive international, national, regional and local contexts. By providing a detailed analysis of this one ‘local’ sporting monument, the intention of this article is to add to the expanding literature on sporting material culture and, in particular, broaden our readings of sport monuments. 相似文献
15.
北京奥运会后,随着大众对竞技体育运动的持续关注以及全民健身运动的深入开展,使得居民对体育用品的消费需求与日俱增,给我国体育用品企业带来了前所未有的机遇和挑战。以安踏公司为研究对象,将安踏公司的营销策略称为＂安踏模式＂,通过研究安踏的成功模式,提出我国体育用品企业应在产品的技术创新、品牌的科学定位、提高企业的集约化程度和全方位提升服务水平以及积极参与国际标准的制定等方面加快实施的步伐,为我国体育用品企业在激烈的国际国内竞争环境中走科学发展和可持续经济发展的道路提供参考。 相似文献
16.
《Sport Management Review》2015,18(2):218-230
Athlete support personnel (ASP) implement drug control policies for sport, such as anti-doping. Interviews with 39 ASP reveal how differences between policy and practice play out in their “lived experience” of anti-doping. While most ASP support the ideology underlying anti-doping at a “common sense” level (using popular drug and sporting discourses such as “drugs are bad” and sporting virtue), they are critical of anti-doping practice. Combined with no direct experience with doping, ASP saw doping as a rare event unlikely to emerge in practice. Most ASP took a laissez-faire approach to anti-doping, relying on managers to know what to do in the unlikely event of a doping incident. Despite broadly supporting the ideas of anti-doping, ASP raised concerns around implementation with regards to Athlete Whereabouts and recreational drug use. In response to hypothetical doping events, a number of ASP would seek to persuade the athlete to discontinue doping rather than meet mandatory reporting obligations. Part of this extended from conflicts between professional and anti-doping obligations (e.g. mandatory reporting and patient confidentiality). ASP demonstrate anti-doping policies are in tension with a practice that systematically normalises substance based performance enhancement early in sporting careers. Anti-doping agencies need to do more to engage with ASP as the “front line” of drug management in sport, including resolving contradictions across policies and in practice. 相似文献
17.
Joanne Hill 《Sport, Education and Society》2015,20(6):762-779
Connections have been drawn between masculinity, muscularity and physical or social status in sport. Not only are sporting bodies often related to masculinity but also to whiteness, leading to the devaluing of Asian boys' bodies and sporting experiences. This paper draws on three British Asian teenage boys' visual and verbal narratives to enquire how they negotiate these connections in their physical education and recreational sport experiences. Bourdieu's notion of capital is used to make sense of boys' ways of investing in their bodies to manage their status in school. Drawing from focus-group interviews which used participant-driven photography and photo elicitation techniques, the research indicates how three boys invested in their bodies by doing particular types of physical activity that would enable them to develop muscularity, fitness and/or motor competence, to attain or retain physical and social capital in school. Along the way, they add pertinent comments on the intersections of masculinity and ethnicity in constructing and performing a sporting body. 相似文献
18.
Andrea Giampiccoli 《Soccer & Society》2019,20(2):288-306
The real legacy of the 2010 World Cup is that people in the focus areas of Cape Town, Durban and Johannesburg–Tshwane may have received some benefit from infrastructural development while much of the rest of South Africa has fallen further behind those globally projecting conurbations. Though the literature on sport and community development is growing rapidly as is work on legacy and mega events, there are few studies that examine initiatives generated within local communities, particularly those located well away from the activities of international sport development agencies. In this paper, we examine a village football team in rural Mpondoland in the far reaches of the Eastern Cape located well away from the impact of World Cup football-related initiatives. We also explore activities of international sport development agencies. We examine the motivations of the players, the community role that football plays and how community-generated initiatives might be supported and nurtured with full involvement and democratic decision-making practices embedded into the operation of local sporting groups. Understanding the hurdles faced in resource-strapped communities will enhance discussion of the ways in which sporting development can be supported rather than imposed and become sustainable in the future. 相似文献
19.
Geoffrey Z. Kohe 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(13):1907-1909
This paper explores the growth and development of the ‘art of swimming’ amongst Victorian female professional natationists when the common belief was that ‘ladies’ were not physiologically or emotionally equipped to withstand the rigours of physical exertion. The question is posed as to whether ornamental swimming was a ‘respectable’ form of entertainment for females to undertake or was it just another manifestation of the passion for freak-shows much loved by all social classes in late-Victorian England. Media coverage of this popular form of entertainment often described its female exponents as ‘nymphs’ and ‘naiads’, terms taken from Greek mythology in order to legitimise an activity that had strong sexual overtones. In so doing, the consumption of recreational activities, as opposed to sport, by females provided a course of less resistance from the sporting proselytisers throughout the period, 1870-c1910. Thus, the female pioneers of natation were able to promote their various ornamental swimming activities through their efforts in a variety of aquatic venues throughout the country. Their popularity resulted in a whole phalanx of nymphs and naiads being encouraged to demonstrate their mystical feats for the gratification of predominantly male-dominated audiences. But more significantly, they served to promote swimming amongst the female population for their own edification as a respectable recreational pursuit. 相似文献
20.
Research analysing the operation of power within sport and physical activity has exposed the marginalisation and exclusion of women's sport in explicit and institutionalised ways. However, for women in recreational and alternative physical activities like surfing, sporting experiences lie outside institutionalised structures, thus requiring alternative surfing of conceptualising the processes of exclusionary power. In this paper, we focus on the voices of women recreational surfers to explore the changes which may or may not be occurring at smaller, more localised levels of women's engagement with surfing culture. An ethnographic methodology was employed to ask women how and why they engage in surfing and what it means for them, rather than asking questions based on existing assumptions. In presenting the data we draw upon the double meaning afforded by the term ‘to patronise’ as a means of framing the complex ways that women continue to be differentiated in surfing culture, and the ways they respond to this. In the final section, we employ a Foucauldian analytic lens to explore the subtle normalising practices in which women are incited to recognise and undertake the practices of the valued masculine ideal of the ‘good surfer’ through caring acts and advice offered by male surfers. This post-structuralist perspective offers space to think outside of simple resistance and reproduction, instead considering a complex space where women and men negotiate power in a range of ways from contextual, subjective positions. In conclusion, we argue that women recreational surfers are enacting alternative ways of operating within the power relations that circulate in the waves, creating ever-changing spaces for new ways of doing and knowing surfing to emerge. 相似文献