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1.
Ellen J. Staurowsky 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(2):190-212
Since the late 1800s, members of mainstream sport media have constructed narratives about American Indian athletes. Consistent with that history, American Indian athletes were featured in stories on sports television and in sports publications between November 1999 and July 2001, a time period that straddled the ending of the twentieth and beginning of the twenty-first centuries. This paper examines several of those stories, including an ESPN special on Native Americans in sport; the representation of Jim Thorpe in Athlete of the Century polls; the depiction of Ed ‘Wahoo’ McDaniel in Sports Illustrated; and the book A Season on the Reservation: My Sojourn With the White Mountain Apache by former Los Angeles Laker Kareem Abdul-Jabbar. The analysis reveals that racial dynamics and stereotypes about American Indians that exist broadly in US society are replicated and perpetuated in contemporary sport media narratives about American Indian athletes. 相似文献
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The purpose of this study was to examine the role of sport as a social status determinant among racially diverse children. Participants were 1,233 fourth- to seventh-grade children. Results indicated there were gender, grade, and racial differences for the selection of social status determinants. Boys placed more importance than girls on being good at sports and wealth. Girls placed more importance than boys on getting good grades and being attractive. Fourth- and fifth-grade students ranked getting good grades as most important, while sixth- and seventh-grade students ranked being attractive as most important. Non-Hispanic Caucasian students ranked being good at sports and being attractive as most important, while African American students ranked getting good grades and wealth as most important. 相似文献
3.
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of sport as a social status determinant among racially diverse children. Participants were 1,233 fourth- to seventh-grade children. Results indicated there were gender, grade, and racial differences for the selection of social status determinants. Boys placed more importance than girls on being good at sports and wealth. Girls placed more importance than boys on getting good grades and being attractive. Fourth- and fifth-grade students ranked getting good grades as most important, while sixth- and seventh-grade students ranked being attractive as most important. Non-Hispanic Caucasian students ranked being good at sports and being attractive as most important, while African American students ranked getting good grades and wealth as most important 相似文献
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John Richard Stepp 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(2):285-293
Toli or stickball is a Native American sport with pre-Columbian roots that remains an important sport for many Native American groups, especially the Mississippi Choctaw. In 1989 a toli team was created at the University of Georgia, which subsequently established regular matches with a Choctaw team. This paper offers an analysis of matches staged in the late 1990s. Despite the ritualized violence, this study finds that the shared experience of playing toli acts as a catalyst for integration. It is suggested, moreover, that the sport serves an integrative function on several levels: cross-gender, intra-group and cross-cultural. Exploring the nature of toli and ethnic identity, it makes suggestions for increased interaction between Native Americans and non-Native Americans through sport. 相似文献
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Frank H. Goodyear III 《国际体育史杂志》2013,30(2):138-153
This essay analyses and contextualizes a group of paintings by George Catlin (1796–1872) that depict Choctaw tribe members involved in the sport of ball-play or lacrosse. Whereas previous scholars have used these works to emphasize the ethnographic nature of the artist's work, it contends that the series speaks to contemporary issues that the Choctaws were confronting at the time. Completed in 1834–35, Catlin's series of ball-play scenes represents a powerful statement regarding the removal of the Choctaws from their homelands in Mississippi to the newly-designated Indian Territory. His paintings create the impression that Native American habits and play had not been adversely impacted by the increasing presence of Euro-American settlers in the West. Thus, they had the ultimate effect of forestalling potential moral outrage against those responsible for degradations against Native American culture. Situated in this historical context, images of Native American ball-play should be seen less as romanticized records of tribal life and more as highly polemical statements about contemporary interactions between native peoples and the dominant culture. Not only did ball-play provide Catlin with an ideal subject to engage with the public's simultaneous fascination and repulsion with ‘primitive’ tribal cultures, but it also acted as a perfect metaphor for cultural conflict. 相似文献
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In spring 1903, barely a dozen years after the invention of ‘basket ball’, a girls' team from an Indian boarding school in Montana overcame racial and gender barriers to win that state's first basketball championship. Subsequently, these ten young women spent the summer of 1904 attending the government's Model Indian School at the St Louis World's Fair, where their twice-weekly intra-squad exhibition games provided fairgoers with their only glimpse of women's team sports. Having also taken on – and defeated – all challengers, they returned to Montana with a gleaming silver trophy declaring them ‘Basket Ball Champions’ of the 1904 World's Fair. 相似文献
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《Sport Management Review》2019,22(5):736-747
Given the growth in the female sport fan base of North American major league sports and the development and expansion of women’s team-related apparel, the purpose of this study was to examine women sport fans’ perceptions of team apparel. The authors collected data through in-depth interviews with 16 Canadian women who self-identified as fans of professional sport teams. They perceived a lack of options in team apparel, despite the development of women’s clothing lines. Analysis of the aesthetics, symbolism, and instrumentality of team apparel using a third-wave feminist approach provides socio-cultural explanations for women fans’ dissatisfaction with existing offerings. This approach advances understandings of the social circumstances shaping women’s sport experiences as fans and the impact of gender on consumer engagement. Results suggest that sport teams need to recognize the diversity of women’s gender identities and expressions and provide a wider range of clothing that demonstrate their status as authentic fans. 相似文献
9.
Melissa C. Wiser 《国际体育史杂志》2014,31(13):1656-1676
Men's lacrosse and women's lacrosse share a name, but their histories differ. Both sports developed and became organised in close concert with the race, class and gender expectations of the eras. As a result, the sports began with rules that reflected those norms. Over time, the sports developed separately and generated unique forms, even as they sustained moments of interaction. Therefore, men's lacrosse and women's lacrosse are different sports. Using comparisons as the mode through which to view the sports, this article explores the organised beginnings of men's lacrosse and women's lacrosse to establish that the sports began and continued within identity-based norms. Through the discussion of the practical distinctions and critical understandings of the differences between the games, the author poses that these dissimilarities are relevant in considerations of the separate sports as they continue to change in the larger US sporting context. As sports such as basketball demonstrate, these arguments matter because broad-scale comparisons of women's sports to men's frequently render women's sport participants, and the sports they play, inferior. Notably, women's lacrosse participants also employed comparisons to distinguish and claim their history as unique from that of men's lacrosse. A comparative analysis highlights points of disjuncture between the sports and contextualises the importance of gender in the articulations of difference. 相似文献
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李同辉 《体育科技文献通报》2013,21(3):68-68,81
体育舞蹈是集体育和舞蹈与一体的综合性的运动项目,它既有健身、锻炼等一般体育的价值,又具有独特艺术魅力价值和优美的社会观赏性,因此受到高校学生的普遍欢迎,但是如何在高校开好体育舞蹈课,本文将重点从五个方面展开探讨. 相似文献
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“体育大国”与“体育强国”提出的由来与涵义的演进 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了进一步推动我国由体育大国向体育强国迈进,采用文献资料调研和比较研究方法,对"体育大国"体育强国"提出的由来与涵义的演进,进行了初步的研究和探讨.结果认为:"体育强国"与"体育大国"这两个词汇,严格来说都是外来语,而且两者的涵义是动态的;体育大国的涵义最初与体育强国相似,后来主要是指奥运会上或其他国际大赛中的金牌数量;"体育强国"涵义的演进经历了"奥运会上名列前茅"、"奥运会上名列前茅为主"、"奥运会上名列前茅、基础性大项的水平与其他世界大赛的成绩"、"竞技体育和群众体育协调发展、群众体育发展水平为主"几个阶段. 相似文献
14.
Niek Pot Jan Verbeek Joris van der Zwan Ivo van Hilvoorde 《Sport, Education and Society》2016,21(3):319-338
Studies investigating sport socialisation often focussed on the barriers for youngsters from lower socio-economic status (SES) families to participate in sport. In the present study, the socialisation into sports of young adolescents from lower SES families that do participate in organised sports was investigated. A total of 9 girls and 12 boys from lower SES families (18 Dutch; three foreign ethnic background) from one city in the Netherlands who participated in organised sport were interviewed. Although multiple agents may be of influence on the socialisation process, this study was limited to the family, school and peers as potential socialising contexts. Drawing on the theoretical work of Bourdieu and Bernstein, parents were found to be the main influencers of the sports habitus of these young adolescents. The school context appeared to have no influence on their sport socialisation. Peers were found to have an influence on the choice for a specific type of sport. This interplay between socialising contexts for young adolescents from lower SES families is similar to the sport socialisation of youngsters from higher SES families. Therefore, it is suggested that if sport socialisation takes place, then the role of SES is less pronounced than often assumed. Moreover, there seem to be differences in the relative importance of the socialising contexts with younger children with a lower SES. Therefore, it is hypothesised that the relative importance of socialising agents changes over time. Although the findings may be limited to the specific sample of this study, they provide hypotheses that challenge the often-presumed importance of SES if sport socialisation takes place. 相似文献
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香港体育的过去、现在与未来 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
1997年7月1日,香港回归祖国。研究旨在较全面、客观地分析、介绍1842～1997年间香港体育的发展情况及其一般规律和特点。采用文献资料、座谈访问等研究方法。主要结论:香港康体发展局、香港业余体育协会暨奥林匹克委员会在香港体育界有重大影响;大众体育受到重视;80年代中期以来竞技体育发展迅速;体育发展有多渠道的经费来源;学校体育场地不足;体育科研学科不够健全。香港未来的体育政策、体育组织机构近期内不会有重大改变;大众体育、竞技体育将得到重点保证发展;学校体育、体育科研将得到重视;香港体育界对未来香港的体育发展持乐观态度。 相似文献
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Kausik Bandyopadhyay 《国际体育史杂志》2017,34(5-6):320-325
AbstractIt is difficult to ascertain whether the history of sport has crossed its adolescence in India or not. To establish its credibility as a viable academic discipline has proved something of a struggle for those Indian scholars engaged in its research in the past. In the light of my experiences of doing research and editing a journal on sports, and teaching the history of sport at the postgraduate level over the past two decades, I intend to argue that the challenges confronting sports history could be overcome only if the teaching of sports history in the Social Sciences goes hand in hand with serious research and publication. 相似文献
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Sport scholars and public commentators have long held both positive and critical opinions about the influence of athletic involvement on participants and their perceptions of the social world. Yet for all of the strong claims and deeply held assumptions, relatively little empirical data or social scientific analysis have been available. This study begins to address this deficiency using new data from a nationally representative survey of American high school students. We compare sports participants and their peers in terms of concern for social problems, interracial contact and attitudes, views of gender roles and sex-based discrimination and political orientation. We find participants and non-participants differ very little in their social concern and views of gender roles and sex-based discrimination, while significant differences were found in levels of interracial contact, views on race relations and political orientation. In view of these findings, we make some general conclusions about the social influence of sport in the lives of American youth and how this topic may be further explored in subsequent work. 相似文献
18.
Currently there are some key issues that highlight the negative underbelly of sport and of those who manage it. Entrenched gender and racial inequality, corruption, and the marginalization of individuals and groups from organized sport suggest that the study of sport management requires a wider social and ethical dimension to its analyses. In attempting to develop critical research into sport management we ask how can the social theory of Pierre Bourdieu assist sport management research? This paper explicates the benefits of Bourdieu to sport management by suggesting a dynamic, relational approach to the implementation of his practice theory. We introduce the foundations of his opus and review their previous application in the study of organized sport. Drawing on these concepts we recommend adopting a longitudinal, critical, and ethnographic approach for a more nuanced understanding of how complex phenomena impact on the management of sport. This paper presents conceptual and methodological implications in conjunction with a call for further research to increase our critical understanding of sport management. 相似文献
19.
Arne Güllich 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(23):2281-2288
The study examined developmental participation patterns of international top athletes. Pairs of 83 international medallists (including 38 Olympic/World Champions) and 83 non-medallists were matched by sport, age and gender. A questionnaire recorded their volume of organised (coach-led) practice/training in their respective main sport and in other sports through childhood, adolescence and adulthood, and also involvement in non-organised (peer-led) sport activity. Analyses revealed that the medallists started practice/training in their main sport at an older age than non-medallists and accumulated slightly, but significantly less main-sport practice/training through childhood/adolescence. But they participated in more practice/training in other sports, particularly before entering their main sport. The medallists also maintained engagement in other sports over more years and specialised later than the non-medallists. Other sports engaged in were mostly unrelated to an athlete’s main sport. The results were robust across different types of sports. The observations are reflected against tenets of the “deliberate practice” and “Developmental Model of Sport Participation” frameworks. Early diversified practice and learning experiences are discussed relative to the expansion of youngsters’ potential for future long-term learning. In elite athletes, interaction of sport-specific practice/training with early other-sports participation mostly facilitates long-term attainment of international senior medals. 相似文献