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1.
目的:采用偏最小二乘法结合近红外漫反射光谱,建立阿昔洛韦片的快速无损含量测定模型.方法:以阿昔洛韦片为分析对象,用光纤探头测定近红外漫反射光谱.对光谱进行不同预处理方法建模并进行比较,多元校正模型为偏最小二乘法.结果:在11995.5~4246.7cm-1波长范围内采用一阶导数结合矢量归一化对光谱进行预处理,结果最优.定量模型的浓度范围为27%~53%.预示集平均回收率为98.69%,RSD为4.60%,RMSEP为0.0526.结论:近红外漫反射光谱法快速,简便,无损,能够用于阿昔洛韦片含量测定.  相似文献   

2.
以Flory-Huggins理论为基础上,改进了Marquardt法(非线性最小二乘法)。编程计算了PES-DMAc-H2O铸膜液体系的浊点线(Binodal)和旋节线(Spinodal)方程,画出三元相图。  相似文献   

3.
基于光谱技术的苹果糖度快速无损检测研究   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
论文以"红富士苹果"为样品,研究可见/近红外光谱技术进行苹果糖度的无损检测方法。选取30个苹果,用漫反射方式获取苹果的光谱曲线,用WAY-2S数字阿贝折射仪测量苹果的糖度,对光谱曲线进行平滑和消除噪声预处理后,用偏最小二乘法(PLS)对糖度建立相应的光谱预测模型。结果表明,糖度的模型稳定性较好,相关系数r达到了0.869,说明可见/近红外光谱技术可以进行苹果糖度的检测。  相似文献   

4.
本文采用2-甲基-3-甲氧基-4-苯基丁酸(MMPB)衍生化法结合分散液液微萃取和气相色谱-质谱法发展了一种快速简便地检测水体中微囊藻毒素(MCs)总量的分析方法。考察了pH值、萃取剂的种类、萃取剂的用量和离心时间等参数的影响,并在优化条件下采用气相色谱-质谱法对水中的微囊藻毒素进行检测。分散液液微萃取(DLLME)条件为:在室温下,四氯乙烯体积为150μL、分散剂体积是0.5mL、超声时间为5min、离心10min。在0~10μg/L范围内MCs的浓度与对应的色谱峰面积呈现良好的线性关系,线性回归方程为y=1.01152×10~7+2.94041×10~8x(R~2=0.966),本方法对MCs的检出限为32.5ng/L,对MCs回收率均大于85.3%。  相似文献   

5.
用三氯甲烷作萃取剂,无水乙醇作分散剂,依据二苯碳酰二肼分光光度法与铬(Ⅵ)能形成紫红色可溶性络合物,建立分散液液微萃取-分光光度法测定痕量铬(Ⅵ)的分析方法,优化了分散液液微萃取富集条件和分光光度法的测定参数。在最佳实验条件下,铬(Ⅵ)质量浓度在5~60 ng/mL时与吸光度服从比尔定律,回归方程为A=0.011 7ρ+0.005 6,相关系数r=0.999 3,检出限为0.46 ng/mL。实验讨论了20多种共存离子的影响。采用实验方法测定电镀废水中铬(Ⅵ),相对标准偏差(RSD,n=6)为1.6%~2.1%,加标回收率为97.8%~103.0%,测得电镀废水中六价铬含量与原子吸收光谱法的测定结果基本一致。  相似文献   

6.
以近红外光谱分析技术为基础,结合化学计量学分析方法,对西湖龙井和普通龙井进行鉴别研究,提出一种基于判定区间伸缩因子决策融合的鉴别方法。该方法采用支持向量机(SVM)结合向后区间偏最小二乘法(BiPLS)进行决策融合,并引入判定区间伸缩因子对判定区间进行调节,找到最优判定区间。以西湖龙井和普通龙井样本为材料,采集样本的近红外光谱,使用二阶导数对原始光谱进行预处理,采用该方法建立分类模型,对西湖龙井和普通龙井进行分类。结果表明,对72份训练集样本和38份预测集样本进行分类,训练集样本和预测集样本分类的准确率均达到100%,证明该方法对西湖龙井和普通龙井能进行有效的分类鉴别。  相似文献   

7.
采用化学方法测定了不同女贞子样品的蛋白质、脂肪和可溶性多糖含量,并对女贞子样品同时进行了近红外光谱测定.基于离散小波变换对女贞子近红外光谱的处理,探讨了同时测定女贞子蛋白质、脂肪和多糖含量的支持向量回归模型和偏最小二乘方法.结果表明:将离散小波变换与支持向量回归模型结合,可明显提高支持向量回归模型对女贞子样品中蛋白质、脂肪和可溶性多糖的预测准确度,结果满意.  相似文献   

8.
水中有机污染物的前处理技术主要有固相萃取、固相微萃取、吹扫捕集法、浊点萃取法、液相微萃取、分散液液微萃取等.  相似文献   

9.
酒精度是白酒的主要理化指标.传统的酒精度检测方法繁琐、费时.采取近红外光谱技术结合偏最小二乘回归法建模,通过相关光谱的方法选择最佳建模光谱区域(955 nm-1 047 nm和1 108 nm-1 347 nm),得出线性回归方程.结果显示,主成分个数为3时,模拟训练集的线性相关系数达0.980 2,白酒校验集的相关系数为0.957 4,总体方均根误差为1.800.该方法方便快捷、高效准确、廉价无损,有望成为检测白酒酒精度的新方法.  相似文献   

10.
本文利用分散液液微萃取-紫外分光光度法测定环境水样中碱性品红.实验考察了萃取剂种类、分散剂种类、萃取剂体积、分散剂体积、溶液p H值、萃取时间、离心时间等条件,得到优化条件:萃取剂为二氯甲烷,其体积为200μL;分散剂为甲醇,其体积为1.0 mL;溶液pH值为8;萃取时间3 min;离心时间5 min.在此条件下,方法检出限为13.29μg·L(-1),RSD为1.41%,可用于测定环境水样中碱性品红.  相似文献   

11.
固相萃取技术被用于水产品中增塑剂邻苯二甲酸二丁酯和邻苯二甲酸2-(乙基己基)酯(DBP和DE-HP)的气相色谱检测研究中。样品中的DBP和DEHP用乙晴提取,C18柱萃取后用带有微电子捕获器的毛细管气相色谱仪检测。该方法样品最低检测限为DBP0.7mg/l,DEHP0.2mg/l,加标回收率为76.0%~108.6%,相对标准偏差为2.82%~9.39%,适于DBP和DEHP含量为1mg/l~10mg/l的水产品快速测定。  相似文献   

12.
Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction (SFE) was studied as a rapid method for extraction of volatile and semivolatile compounds of Chinese commercial cigarettes. The method was compared with simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE). Temperature and pressure for the SFE were optimized. The extracts obtained by the two methods showed different characters in composition and represented differently the flavor characteristics of tobacco; compared to SDE, SFE can extract compounds within a shorter time and avoid the thermal degradation and solvent contamination of samples. The extracts by the two extraction methods are complementary for investigating the flavor characteristic of tobacco products.  相似文献   

13.
Supercritical carbon dioxide fluid extraction (SFE) was studied as a rapid method for extraction of volatile and semivolatile compounds of Chinese commercial cigarettes. The method was compared with simultaneous distillation and extraction (SDE). Temperature and pressure for the SFE were optimized. The extracts obtained by the two methods showed different characters in composition and represented differently the flavor characteristics of tobacco; compared to SDE, SFE can extract compounds within a shorter time and avoid the thermal degradation and solvent contamination of samples. The extracts by the two extraction methods are complementary for investigating the flavor characteristic of tobacco products.  相似文献   

14.
农药的使用对农业有重要的、不可替代的意义,然而很多农药的使用会给环境带来污染,影响人类健康.本文采用直接液相微萃取法(Dir-LPME)与高效液相色谱(HPLC)联用分析测定环境水样中的速灭威.对影响Dir-LPME的各种因素如萃取溶剂类型、萃取溶剂体积、萃取时间等条件进行了优化,并将其应用于江水、自来水和农田水中速灭威的分析检测.速灭威的萃取富集倍数为10,线性范围为0.2-2μg/mL,加标回收率在95%—105%之间,相对标准偏差低于7.4%.  相似文献   

15.
报道了显色剂1-(4-硝基苯基)-3-(甲基苯)-三氮烯化合物(NPMT)的合成及其与镉(Ⅱ)的显色反应.在非离子表面活性剂Triton X-100存在下,pH 11.0的Na2B4O7-NaOH的缓冲介质中,该试剂能与镉(Ⅱ)与发生显色反应,形成摩尔比为4∶1的橙黄色配合物,配合物在波长465 nm处有最大吸收峰,表观摩尔吸光系数ε为2.13×106 L·mol-1·cm-1,镉(Ⅱ)浓度在0.08-0.48μg/ml范围内遵守比尔定律.用拟定方法可有效测出不同废水中的镉(Ⅱ).  相似文献   

16.
Interaction Between DEHP and Particulate in a Eutrophic Lake   总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2  
Characteristics of interaction between di-2-ethylhexyl phthalate(DEHP) and particulate in a eutrophic lake were studied in this paper. DEHP concentrations ranged from 89.9 to 247 μg/L with an average value of 146 μg/L in subsurface water (SSW) samples, and from 82.0 to 390 μg/L with an average value of 211 μg/L in water surface microlayer (SM) samples. The results indicate that there was only a weak correlation between the DEHP concentrations and suspended particulate material(SPM) concentrations in both SSW and SM,while the significant correlation between DEHP concentrations and chlorophyll a concentrations was found,which suggestes that DEHP was principally bound to phytoplankton in the eutrophic lake. Correlation between DEHP concentrations and total phosphor (TP) concentrations was also found in this investigation. Enrichment factors (EF) of DEHP in SM were in the range of 0.85 to 2.12 with an average value of 1.35..DEHP EFs were significantly related to the enrichment of chlorophyll a in SM. The results suggest that the enrichment of DEHP in SM of this eutrophic lake was mainly due to DEHP accumulation in phytoplankton and was controlled by distribution of phytoplankton between SM and SSW.  相似文献   

17.
采用溶胶——凝胶技术制备了壳聚糖/SiO2/CdS纳米复合材料作为固相微萃取膜,用该萃取膜与气相色谱联用测定环境水样中喹硫磷、甲基对硫磷、对硫磷、二嗪磷等有机磷农药残留。对固相微萃取条件,如萃取温度,萃取时间、萃取的pH值以及萃取时溶液中离子强度等因素进行了优化。在优化的实验条件下,各目标农药样品的检测线性范围为2.0~1000 ng/mL,检出限为1.0~1.7 ng/mL。样品加标回收率为81.13%~105.31%,相对标准偏差(RSD)为2.09%~3.71%。方法具有快速、简便、准确、重现性好的特点。  相似文献   

18.
用红外光谱内标法(K3[Fe(CN)6)]·6H2O为内标物)测定了红霉素肠溶片中红霉素的含量.实验表明:混合物红外光谱中红霉素的测量峰(1714.6cm-1)和K3[Fe(CN)6)]·6H2O的内标峰(2119.0cm-1)的峰高比(y=h i/h s)与两者质量比(x=m i/m s)有良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程为y=0.2642x-0.0579,相关系数R2=0.9973.据此测得红霉素肠溶片中红霉素的含量为标示量的101%,相对标准偏差为0.51%,加标回收率分别为96.8%101.9%.该方法无需分离提取,简便,快速,成本低,测定结果准确,特别适合批量检测和药品质量的快筛,有应用价值.  相似文献   

19.
Aquatic toxicity of di (2-eihylhexyl) phthalate to duckweeds   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
This study is concerned with the effects of di (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP) on two kinds of duckweeds (Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna minor).The results indicate that DEHP has aquatic toxicity to Spirodela polyrhiza at 0.4 mg/L and to Lemna minor at over 0.1 mg/L by changing their physiologic-biochemical characteristics.The contents of duckweed chlorophyll and soluble protein decrease with increasing DEHP concentration after 7 d of exposure.DEHP shows the stimulating role in catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) systems at relative low levels.At 0.01 mg/L and 0.005 mg/L,SOD activities of Spirodela polyrhiza and Lemna minor reach their peak values respectively,while CAT activity reaches its maximum value at 0.05 mg/L and 0.01 mg/L.When DEHP levels are too high,the protection enzyme system would be destroyed and plant growth is inhibited.The analysis of malondialdehyde (MDA) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy manifest that DEHP could affect the tested duckweeds by destroying its cell membranes,and Spirodela polyrhiza is more resistant to DEHP exposure than Lemna minor.  相似文献   

20.
乙醇浓度对滁菊多类成分提取率影响   总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1  
考察不同浓度乙醇对滁菊花各类成分提取率影响.采用超声波法,提取温度70℃,提取时间为30min,提取次数为3次,料液比为1∶30,超声功率为200W;采用紫外可见分光光度法检测各类成分含量.结果表明,60%乙醇溶液提取滁菊花总得膏率最高,为47.52%;70%乙醇溶液提取滁菊花总黄酮得率最高,为10.86%;80%乙醇溶液提取滁菊花总酚得率最高,为3.02%;水溶液提取滁菊花总糖得率最高,为4.27%.乙醇浓度对滁菊花不同成分提取率有一定影响.  相似文献   

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