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This paper examines how a reduction in the cost of college for undocumented students affects college enrollment and adolescent risky behaviors. Prior to 2001, undocumented students in the United States faced high out-of-state tuition costs at public colleges and universities. From 2001 to 2014, twenty-one states passed in-state tuition policies, reducing the average cost of college by more than half for these students. To the extent that teens are forward-looking and aware that lower tuition increases the likelihood of attending college, this price reduction should decrease the incidence of risky behavior during adolescence among the undocumented. Exploiting the variation in timing of in-state tuition policies across states and using Mexican foreign-born non-citizenship as a proxy for undocumented status, I find that these policies increase college enrollment by about 1.2 percentage points (12% of the sample mean), decrease high school dropout incidence by about 5 percentage points for female youth (27% of the sample mean), and decrease the likelihood of first birth before age 20 by 2 percentage points (9% of the sample mean). 相似文献
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高中毕业生数和普通高等教育招生数是影响高考录取率的2个重要因素。分析福建省小学、初中、高中各阶段的毕业率和升学率以及普通高等教育招生数,用时间序列方法分别建立合适的数学模型,进而预测高中毕业生人数和普通高等教育招生人数,推测出高考录取率的短期发展趋势。预测结果表明,2014—2015年福建省高考录取率可能逼近100%。 相似文献
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Career academies serve an increasingly wide range of students. This paper examines the contemporary profile of students entering career academies in a large, diverse school district and estimates causal effects of participation in one of the district's well-regarded academies on a range of high school and college outcomes. Exploiting the lottery-based admissions process of this technology-focused academy, we find that academy enrollment increases the likelihood of high school graduation by about 8 percentage points and boosts rates of college enrollment for males but not females. Analysis of intermediate outcomes suggests that effects on attendance and industry-relevant certification at least partially mediate the overall high school graduation effect. 相似文献
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Nearly 60 percent of college students today are women. Using longitudinal data on a nationally representative cohort of eighth grade students in 1988, I examine two potential explanations for the differential attendance rates of men and women—returns to schooling and non-cognitive skills. The attendance gap is roughly five percentage points for all high school graduates. Conditional on attendance, however, there are few differences in type of college, enrollment status or selectivity of institution. The majority of the attendance gap can be explained by differences in the characteristics of men and women, despite some gender differences in the determinants of college attendance. I find that higher non-cognitive skills and college premiums among women account for nearly 90 percent of the gender gap in higher education. Interestingly, non-cognitive factors continue to influence college enrollment after controlling for high school achievement. 相似文献
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While education levels of women have increased dramatically relative to men, women are still greatly underrepresented in Science, Technology, Engineering, and Mathematics (STEM) college programmes. We use unique data on preference rankings for all secondary school students who apply for college in Ireland and detailed information on school subjects and grades to decompose the sources of the gender gap in STEM. We find that, of the 22 percentage points raw gap, about 13 percentage points is explained by differential subject choices and grades in secondary school. Subject choices are more important than grades – we estimate male comparative advantage in STEM (as measured by subject grades) explains about 3 percentage points of the gender gap. Additionally, differences in overall achievement between girls and boys have a negligible effect. Strikingly, there remains a gender gap of 9 percentage points even for persons who have identical preparation at the end of secondary schooling (in terms of both subjects studied and grades achieved); however, this gap is only 4 percentage points for STEM-ready students. We find that gender gaps are smaller among high-achieving students and for students who go to school in more affluent areas. There is no gender gap in science (the large gaps are in engineering and technology), and we also find a smaller gender gap when we include nursing degrees in STEM, showing that the definition of STEM used is an important determinant of the conclusions reached. 相似文献
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新时代独立学院同样面临“办成什么样的学院、怎样办好学院”“为谁培养人、培养什么样的人、怎样培养人”的根本性问题。随着党和国家对大学生思想政治教育工作的重视,完成迁址办学和生源地扩大以后,需要独立学院思政从业者转变观念,强化调研,紧紧围绕“00”前后各族群大学生思想政治教育面临的新情况、新任务,积极探索与之相适应的新途径、新方法。本文以浙江农林大学暨阳学院为例,分析了新时代大学生思想政治教育的内涵、特点,并对独立学院大学生思想政治教育进行了理论探索,以期抛砖引玉,引起更多专家、学者对浙江省高校中来自欠发达地区大学生思想政治教育的关注和思考。 相似文献
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Felly Chiteng Kot 《Research in higher education》2014,55(6):527-563
To enhance student success, many colleges and universities have expanded academic support services and programmatic interventions. One popular measure that has been recognized as critical to student success is academic advising. Many institutions have expanded advising by creating centralized units staffed with professional advisors who serve specific student groups. In this study, I used propensity score matching to estimate the impact of using centralized academic advising at a large metropolitan public research university on undergraduate students’ first-year GPA and second-year enrollment behavior. Using a cohort of 2,745 first-time full-time freshmen who matriculated in fall 2010, I matched students who used centralized advising with those who used no advising, over the course of two semesters. I then fit an OLS regression model to examine the impact of centralized advising on first-year GPA and a Zero Inflated Negative Binomial model to examine its impact on students’ enrollment behavior in the second year. I used these parametric results to simulate average treatment effects. Results indicated that students who used centralized academic instead of no advising experienced an increase in their first-term GPA, second-term GPA, and first-year cumulative GPA. Also, students who used centralized advising during the second term experienced a decrease in their probability of first-year attrition. 相似文献
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现代大学生创新团队的起源可以追溯到中世纪欧洲大学里的同乡会,随着招生规模的急剧扩张和学生组织的日益活跃,大学生创新团队的内涵发生了深刻的变化。大学生创新团队是指由具有共同发展目标的高校学生组成的,探索将知识转化为实践成果的活跃的实践群体,具有自主性、开放性、互补性和创新性等主要特征。相关团队管理部门应深化对大学生创新团队内涵的理解,营造宽松的外部环境,真正做到允许学生利用学科专业资源自主组建团队,自主选择实践方向,减少对创新成果的要求,为学生的长远发展打好基础。 相似文献
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何静 《番禺职业技术学院学报》2011,(3):3-7
高职院校开展单独招生改革试点工作是高考招生制度改革的重要探索,是促进高职院校进行多元化选拔生源的重要举措。文章在对广州番禺职业技术学院2007级单独招生生学业情况进行分析的基础上,对如何进一步提高单独招生生的培养质量提出了应对的策略。 相似文献
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自从高校扩招以来,基于"因材施教"理论上的大学英语分级教学已经被很多高校所采纳。美国著名语言学家Krashen提出的语言输入假说是当今第二语言习得理论中最重要的概念之一,其中的"i+1"理论为探讨我国的大学英语分级教学与语言输入之间的关系提供了一个很好的理论框架。文章首先介绍了该理论,然后尝试性地将"i+1"理论与大学英语分级教学结合起来研究,指出"i+1"理论是大学英语分级教学最重要的理论依据之一,对大学英语分级教学起着积极的指导作用。最后基于郧阳师范高等专科学校的大学英语分级教学实践讨论了"i+1"理论对大学英语分级教学的启示意义以及在实施大学英语分级教学过程中需要注意的问题。 相似文献
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招生领域高校与学生的法律关系研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
覃红霞 《北京大学教育评论》2010,8(2):82-90,189
关于招考领域的高校与考生之间的法律关系一直存在不同观点。本文从高考过程中招生自主权、高考志愿表以及高校招生章程的法律性质出发,认为高校的招生并非纯粹的市场行为,学生也不是纯商业化的消费主体,因此高校与学生之间的法律关系并非民事法律关系,考生的表意行为——志愿申请与高校的招生章程从形式上看存在达成契约自由的空间,但招生过程中所渗透的招生权力决定了高考领域高校与学生的法律关系属于行政法律关系。 相似文献
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We estimate effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on self-reported school enrollment using a sample of 16-to-18-year-old youth from the January 2010 to the December 2020 Current Population Survey (CPS). The pandemic reduced the likelihood of students reporting that they were enrolled in high school by about 1.8 percentage points in April 2020 vs. in the same month in prior years, although enrollment rebounded back to typical levels by October 2020. Adverse effects on school enrollment were magnified for older vs. younger students, males vs. females, and among adolescents without a college-educated household member vs. adolescents from more educated households. Greater school responsiveness to the pandemic and high school graduation exit exams appear to have protected students from disengaging from school. 相似文献
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崔展 《和田师范专科学校学报》2009,(4):172-173
从国家扩大高校招生以来,三本的招生规模逐年扩大,致使大批的学生能到高校进行学习。部分艺术生文化课分所占的比重少,其英语学习成绩远远不如一本,二本的院校。本文针对武汉三本院校艺术生英语学习的现状进行调研．从其现状入手,对艺术生英语学习存在的问题进行分析,并找出提高他们学习的方法和策略．从而提高武汉三本院校艺术生英语学习水平。 相似文献
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随着江苏省高考生源逐年下降,高职院校生源竞争日趋激烈,招生宣传工作备受各高职院校关注。通过对南通纺织职业技术学院近三年新生的调查统计分析影响考生报考志愿的因素。高职院校要以考生为本,择优选择宣传媒介,努力提供个性化需求,增强招生宣传的有效性。 相似文献
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James M. Kallison Jr. David L. Stader 《Community College Journal of Research & Practice》2013,37(5):340-357
An alarmingly high percentage of recent high school graduates are not prepared to succeed in college-level courses, and the impact of this educational shortcoming is substantial. Underprepared college students incur a monetary cost of enrolling in remedial courses, and states and taxpayers subsidize much of the overall cost of developmental education. In addition, underprepared students are less likely to graduate from college, thus impacting their earning potential and the nation's economic need for a more highly educated workforce. One approach to reducing the need for developmental education is high school bridge programs. These programs, which usually take place on a college campus, provide interventions that help targeted students aspire to, prepare for, and achieve college enrollment. This article reports on the effectiveness of bridge programs at Texas colleges in the summer of 2007; it covers two community college programs that demonstrated the highest pre- to postprogram student achievement gains of the participating institutions. Findings from this study and previous research suggest that effective bridge programs (a) have very strong relationships with their partner school districts; (b) provide professional development to all program staff; (c) conduct preprogram orientation sessions and closing ceremonies; (d) provide bus transportation; (e) involve parents in the program; (f) provide students with labs to support classroom instruction; (g) provide academic advising and other support services; and (h) implement both formative and summative evaluation methods. 相似文献
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A considerable fraction of college students and bachelor's degree recipients enroll in multiple postsecondary institutions. Despite this fact, there is scant research that examines the nature of the paths – both the number and types of institutions – that students take to obtain a bachelor's degree or through the higher education system more generally. We also know little about how enrollment in multiple institutions of varying quality relates to postgraduate life outcomes. We use a unique panel data set from Texas that allows us to examine in detail the paths that students take toward a bachelor's degree and estimate how enrollment in multiple institutions is related to both degree completion and subsequent earnings. We show that the paths to a bachelor's degree are diverse and that earnings and BA receipt vary systematically with these paths. Our results call attention to the importance of developing a more complete understanding of why students transfer and what causal role transferring has on the returns to postsecondary educational investment. 相似文献
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Preparing Students for College: The Implementation and Impact of the Early College High School Model 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Julie A. Edmunds Lawrence Bernstein Elizabeth Glennie John Willse Nina Arshavsky Fatih Unlu 《Peabody Journal of Education》2013,88(3):348-364
As implemented in North Carolina, Early College High Schools are small, autonomous schools designed to increase the number of students who graduate from high school and are prepared for postsecondary education. Targeted at students who are underrepresented in college, these schools are most frequently located on college campuses and are intended to provide students with 2 years of college credit upon graduation from high school. This article reports on preliminary 9th-grade results from 285 students in 2 sites participating in a longitudinal experimental study of the impact of the model. These early results show that significantly more Early College High School students are enrolling and progressing in a college preparatory course of study. This expanded access, however, is associated with somewhat lower pass rates for some courses, suggesting the need for strong academic support to accompany increased enrollment in more rigorous courses. Implementation data collected on one school indicate that it is successfully implementing the model's components. 相似文献
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李静 《读与写:教育教学刊》2011,(9):70-71,205
当代大学生人文素养的高低直接影响整个国家素质的高低,调查大学生人文素养很有必要。本文首先对人文素养进行了科学定义;其次以问卷调查方式从文、史、哲、真、善、美等方面,全面调查了河南大学生的文化素养现状,并用SPSS11.0软件对数据进行了统计分析;最后揭示当代大学生在人文素养方面存在的优势以及薄弱环节,以期为大学素质教育改革提供参考。 相似文献