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1.
自我同一性被认为是大学生发展的核心主题,通过军校大学生自我同一性发展状况及其影响因素特点的实证研究得出如下结论：军校大学生自我同一性危机程度不高,但达到自我同一性形成地位的比例也比较小;学校环境知觉、职业认同、自我效能感、归因方式与军校大学生自我同一性发展显著相关;二年级军校大学生自我同一性危机程度高,处于自我同一性发展的关键阶段;高考入学分数和生源地（来自农村还是城镇）对军校大学生自我同一性发展无明显影响。为此,从校园环境建设、发展目标引导、非智力因素培养、职业认同教育等维度提出促进军校大学生发展的建议。 相似文献
2.
《Exceptionality》2013,21(4):229-243
The purpose of this study was to examine the social attributions of students with learning disabilities (LD) compared to those of nonlearning-disabled (NLD) low- achieving (LA) and average-achieving (AA) students. Ninety-two subjects partici- pated in the study; 32 students with LD and two matched control groups that consisted of 29 LA and 33 AA students. The results indicated that students with LD were likely to exhibit different social attribution patterns than did their NLD peers. They displayed a greater tendency to use external factors in explaining their social successes and failures, while attributing their successes to internal factors, than did LA and AA students. LA and AA students, conversely, were more likely to use interactional explanations of social events. 相似文献
3.
Educational research places emphasis on the fact that individuals who have experienced repeated failures may develop an attribution profile characterized by a bias towards primarily external causes. The aim of this study is to compare the attribution style of adolescents with Down's syndrome with that of normal children and adolescents matched for mental and chronological age; three groups consisting of 10 participants each were employed, an experimental group and two control groups were employed. The experimental group were Down's syndrome adolescents. Participants in the first control group were matched to the experimental groups for mental age, and those in the second for chronological age. All of the 30 participants were given an attribution test consisting of 14 items, illustrative of everyday or school‐related events in which the main character experienced either success or failure. The participants were asked to attribute the character's performance to one of five causes: ability, effort, help, luck or task difficulty. The results show that adolescents with Down's syndrome tend to attribute performance to external help. Their attribution style would seem to be very similar to that of the control participants matched for mental age. 相似文献
4.
The aim of the study was to investigate the relationships between attribution style and social, emotional and behavioural difficulties (SEBDs), and to explore differences in attribution tendencies between adolescents with and without SEBDs. In total, 72 adolescents attending a school in London were recruited; 27 were receiving support for SEBDs from the behaviour and education support team at their school and 45 were recruited from the main school population. Participants completed the Children’s Attribution Style Questionnaire and the Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire. A multivariate analysis of variance revealed that adolescents with SEBDs had a more negative attribution style, made more stable attributions of negative events and reported fewer internal attributions of positive events than students without SEBDs. The findings highlight the importance of cognitive factors in providing a basis for interventions intending to address young people’s behaviour and cater for the heterogeneous nature of SEBDs. 相似文献
5.
成就目标和归因方式是近来心理学领域研究的热点问题,本研究以三亚、成都和杭州三个不同城市的三所大学共240名大学生为样本进行无记名问卷调查,以探究成就目标、归因方式与大学生心理健康的关系,希望对影响大学生心理健康的个人因素有更多了解. 相似文献
6.
Dafney Blanca Dabach Carola Suárez-Orozco Sera J. Hernandez Maneka Deanna Brooks 《Journal of Latinos & Education》2018,17(1):38-52
Teacher expectancy research has demonstrated the greatest effects for members of racialized groups. Most research has focused on students’ near-term abilities; missing are understandings of how teachers perceive their students’ future trajectories. Drawing on social mirroring and attribution theories, this study investigates how 14 elementary, middle, and high school teachers of Latino immigrant students described and explained their students’ post-high school futures. Most teachers described their students as non-college-bound, with employment likely in the service sector. They attributed their students’ futures to family related explanations more often than to structural factors. The study’s implications emphasize the need to develop deeper understanding of structural inequalities that mediate students’ trajectories including schooling factors. 相似文献
7.
应对效能、归因方式与大学生心理求助态度之关系研究 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
目的：了解大学生在面对心理问题时,寻求专业心理帮助态度与应对效能和归因方式的关系,以及应对效能、归因方式和人口学变量等对大学生寻求专业心理帮助态度的影响作用。为高校心理健康教育提供相关的理论与实证依据。方法：采用应对效能量表、归因方式量表和自编的大学生心理求助态度问卷对福建省330名大学生进行调查。结果：（1）女大学生寻求专业心理帮助态度比男大学生积极。（2）独生子女比非独生子女对寻求专业心理帮助的态度要更积极。（3）来自城市的大学生寻求专业心理帮助的态度比来自农村的大学生要积极。（4）应对效能、归因方式对寻求专业心理帮助态度具有一定的预测作用。结论：高校心理健康应当面向全体大学生、特别针对特殊大学生群体进行心理健康教育,通过归因训练和应对效能训练,以促进学生形成正确的归因方式、良好的应对效能,以期改善其寻求专业心理帮助态度和心理适应水平。 相似文献
8.
Measurement of achievement attribution: A review of instigation methods,question contents,and measurement formats 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
Various methods of achievement attribution measurement are compared with regard to the construction of the achievement event and the measurement of the attributions elicited. The method of instigation and the content of the instruments depend greatly on whether situational or dispositional (individual differences) factors are emphasized. It is suggested that natural events, particularly those with pronounced effects, generate actual affective reactions and direct consequences and are particularly useful for studies of situational factors in attributions. On the other hand, hypothetical multiple-event measures are generally employed for studies of individual differences in attributions. The present review shows that questions on specific causes are more popular than those on attribution dimensions. Researchers should be cautious, however, because the dimensional meaning of these causes may vary across different cultures, age groups, or achievement settings. Different question formats and scoring methods also are compared. It is concluded that different methods have their own strengths and weaknesses and that researchers should select the one that best serves their purpose. 相似文献
9.
校园暴力案频发的原因是多方面的,但其中最主要的当属思想道德教育方面的原因。只有牢固树立正确的教育观,把培养合格的下一代做为最基本、最重要的目标,才能营造一个比较良好的社会教育氛围。无论学校、家庭还是社会都应当把培养合格的公民、健全的人格、科学的头脑作为对下一代人的教育目标。 相似文献
10.
高校应急管理与危机管理的比较研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
在目前高校应急管理和危机管理研究中,对高校应急管理与高校危机管理的概念使用混淆不分,需要梳理和界定。从发展过程看,应急管理是从危机管理中发展而来;从管理的对象看,高校应急管理针对的是高校突发事件,而高校危机管理针对的是高校危机事件;两者主要区别在于研究对象的范畴不同。针对当前高校危机事件大多是突发事件,因此高校应急管理是高校危机管理的主要部分,是当下需要研究的紧迫问题。 相似文献
11.
艺术院校在思想政治课教学中运用“红色经典剧目”具有独特的优势,主要缘于社会环境因素、校园环境因素以及大学生主体因素三个方面.要通过与课堂有机融合、打造红色经典剧目、红色经典剧目校园展演等方式,切实提高艺术院校思想政治课教育实效. 相似文献
12.
大学生心理健康素质现状分析 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
复旦大学心理健康教育中心于2004年对本校大学生的心理状况进行了调查。结果显示：(1)我校学生心理健康状况总体良好,但仍有近20％的学生感到苦恼;(2)学生心理困扰主要集中于个人发展因素和现实生活因素两大方面;(3)学生对心理咨询的接受度仍有待提高;(4)学生应对生活中挑战与挫折时以积极应对方式为主;(5)多数学生能从周围的朋友、亲人或老师那里获得足够的心理支持;(6)学生人格因素与他们的心理健康有密切关系;(7)从心理支持、应对方式、人格因素三大方面可以很好地预测学生的心理健康状况。建议：(1)加强心理健康知识和心理保健的宣传与教育;(2)积极开设心理健康教育课程;(3)加强对学生辅导员的心理学知识培训;(4)加强对学生人格的教育;(5)营造良好校园人际心理氛围;(6)在校园文化建设中纳入心理教育主题;(7)将“心理咨询中心”更名为“心理健康教育中心”。 相似文献
13.
Fifty‐three external university students and a comparison group of 51 on‐campus social and political theory students responded to a written questionnaire on their perceptions of the factors influencing their external studies. Responses were obtained to objective questions and by written open‐ended advice to two hypothetical prospective external students.
In both sets of responses students identified family, job and life circumstances as major influences on external university study.. Advantages of external study were self‐reliance and finances, and disadvantages were related to access to the library and academics' demands. Students expressed preference for studying on‐campus or by the combination of campus and external courses which was available at the university. The study provides base‐line data about students' perceptions of contextual frames or constraints on external study. 相似文献
14.
李佳源 《集美大学学报(教育科学版》2012,(1):23-27
目前,大学生挂科后的归因偏差普遍存在,并且逐渐将一种新的、危险的归因偏差由"潜"转为"显",即将考试的失败统统归结为教师的意愿,这在高职生中表现尤为突出。这种归因偏差不同于以往文献中公开讨论的任何大学生挂科归因偏差,而已有文献中提出的对策也是侧重于正确的归因训练,但对待如此简单极端的新归因偏差,其背后成因的深度思考更具现实预警意义。研究基于学生S的个案从微观个体层面、中观学校层面、宏观社会层面探讨影响S归因偏差的三维因素,认为社会不良风气引发校园考试诚信危机,学校考试机制弊端以及学生的考试道德滑坡和高职生特殊的学习心理是主要因素。并在对个案深层根源探究的基础上提出减少大学生挂科归因偏差的相应对策。 相似文献
15.
Deaf college students' attitudes toward a variety of issues related to racial/ethnic diversity were surveyed by contacting all racial/ethnic minority deaf students and a random sample of Caucasian deaf students attending the National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID), Rochester Institute of Technology; 38% completed the survey. Although racial/ethnic groups similarly perceived NTID's commitment and efforts related to diversity, they differed significantly on some items related to campus climate and role models. Furthermore, the racial/ethnic minority groups differed from each other in their perceptions of campus comfort level, racial conflict, friendship patterns, and availability of role models. Educational satisfaction was positively correlated with campus comfort level; both correlated negatively with perception of discrimination and racial conflict. Qualitative data analyses supported quantitative data analyses and provided rich detail that facilitated interpretation of deaf students' experiences related to racial/ethnic diversity. 相似文献
16.
Skip Trudeau Mike Hammond Drew Moser Danielle Eversole Austin Smith 《Christian Higher Education》2019,18(1-2):24-36
This article presents the preliminary findings of an ongoing Traditions Research Project (TRP) study on the impact of campus traditions on campus life within the context of Christian postsecondary institutions. In this initial phase, the researchers conducted 63 interviews with faculty, student development educators, and staff members, in addition to gathering data from 12 student focus groups at three institutional members of the Council for Christian Colleges & Universities. In the future, the researchers intend to identify several additional colleges that have tradition-rich environments in order to expand the qualitative database related to this topic. The initial process of data analysis identified three major themes, along with several subthemes, regarding the role of traditions in contributing to campus life. These themes provide valuable information regarding the characteristics of campus traditions, the important role they play in creating and maintaining campus culture, and the role of these events in the lives of participants and institutions. In addition to presenting and discussing the themes and subthemes, the authors provide implications for practice that may be helpful to higher education leaders as they seek to provide meaningful campus traditions that foster students’ holistic development. 相似文献
17.
校园流行语是大学生个性化语言的展现,是社会发展的一种折射反映,具有特定的社会文化心理因素。民族高校大学生使用的流行语是民族高校大学生独特个性特征的体现,是多元文化在大学校园中的反映,也是大学生社会文化心态的直接反映。流行语的内容与大学生的日常学习生活密切相关,流行语的使用具有一定的性别和民族差异。影视文化是大学校园流行语传播的首要因素。 相似文献
18.
阐述了云南民族地区社会分层与教育机会获得的概况,运用结构方程模型原理,系统研究了义务教育机会获得影响云南民族地区社会分层的内在机理,结果表明:城乡结构、单位性质、民族类别及性别属性的制度性因素存在显著性差异,而其中职业职务、工作财产、教育投入、人际关系、政治面貌及宗教信仰的先赋性因素显著性呈现递增的趋势,进而累积在义务教育资本周转后的后致性因素发展中。 相似文献
19.
ABSTRACT Two‐year public colleges are known to experience the lowest retention rates of all colleges and universities. In addition, the lowest rate of consecutive‐term retention within the two‐year college occurs from students’ first to second term. The literature on factors related to retention in two‐year colleges, however, is strikingly inconclusive. The purpose of this study was to determine demographic and academic factors associated with first‐to‐second‐term retention at a regional campus of a two‐year public technical institution. The interaction between these factors was also studied. Those demographic variables found to be significantly related to retention included educational objective, full‐time/part‐time enrollment status, employment status, and age. The only academic factor found to be related significantly to retention was first‐term GPA. No significant interaction effects between these variables were found. A list of target groups for retention strategies was developed from the results of the study. 相似文献
20.
The purpose of the present study was to investigate how self-concept and attributional style are related to depression in a student group. On the basis of an inventory, 166 advanced teacher students were scored on general and academic self-esteem, attribution for positive and negative events, and depression. The two self-esteem variables were found to constitute important predictors of depression, while the contributions of the attributional variables were of minor importance. In addition, pessimistic attributions to both positive and negative events resulted in higher depression than pessimistic attributions to either kind of events, and to neither kind of events. Finally, factor analysis resulted in interpretable solutions. 相似文献