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1.
认知神经科学通过将脑成像技术和认知心理学的实验范式结合起来,探索人类的行为的深层机制.大脑作为学习的主要器官,是认识神经科学的主要研究对象.认知神经科学关注学习所激活的脑区、神经回路以及激活的时程,从神经活动的层面上阐述学习的机制.大脑学习机制的阐明可以帮助教育工作者改进教学方法,为教育学奠定科学的基础.认知神经科学还... 相似文献
2.
笪冬梅 《安徽广播电视大学学报》2004,(4):68-70,75
情感因素对第二语言学习具有极其重要的影响.在听、说、读、写四项技能中,"说"受情感的影响最大.作者认为积极的情感因素可以促进口语的学习过程,提高学习者的学习效果,消极的情感因素则会对口语的学习产生障碍,影响学习者学习潜力的发挥.本文探讨了消极的情感因素,如焦虑,低自尊心,紧张的课堂气氛等对口语学习产生的障碍.在此基础上作者提出了一些相关性的建议. 相似文献
3.
Recent advances in research have furthered understanding of the many roles that emotions play in fostering effective learning.
This editorial argues, against fashion, that the affective domain is neither separate from nor less significant in the learning
process than the cognitive domain. It begins with a vignette of a struggling reader. It then defines emotions and explains
their role in learning, using cognitive psychology and neuroscience as the research base. Next, it examines the influence
of the affective domain on learning to interpret symbols. The editorial concludes with an analysis of reading anxiety and
recommendations for practice. 相似文献
4.
“Accepting Emotional Complexity”: A Socio-Constructivist Perspective on the Role of Emotions in the Mathematics Classroom 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Peter Op ’t Eynde Erik De Corte Lieven Verschaffel 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》2006,63(2):193-207
A socio-constructivist account of learning and emotions stresses the situatedness of every learning activity and points to the close interactions between cognitive, conative and affective factors in students’ learning and problem solving. Emotions are perceived as being constituted by the dynamic interplay of cognitive, physiological, and motivational processes in a specific context. Understanding the role of emotions in the mathematics classroom then implies understanding the nature of these situated processes and the way they relate to students’ problem-solving behaviour. We will present data from a multiple-case study of 16 students out of 4 different junior high classes that aimed to investigate students’ emotional processes when solving a mathematical problem in their classrooms. After identifying the different emotions and analyzing their relations to motivational and cognitive processes, the relation with students’ mathematics-related beliefs will be examined. We will specifically use Frank’s case to illustrate how the use of a thoughtful combination of a variety of different research instruments enabled us to gather insightful data on the role of emotions in mathematical problem solving. 相似文献
5.
田涛 《黄冈职业技术学院学报》2013,(2):76-78
处于青年期的大学生,心理上正经历变化波动较大的时期,反应在情绪和情感方面,表现为情绪的不稳定性与冲动性,情感体验开放、丰富,却容易陷入情绪困扰,导致其心理健康、学习生活和未来事业受到不同程度的影响。作为初步具有独立性的大学生如何认知情绪,并学会应对不良情绪,成为自己情绪的主人呢?作为过来人的辅导员可以引导其认知情绪,并学会对情绪进行自我管理、调适,从而驾驭情绪,做情绪的主人。 相似文献
6.
The present study investigated the influence of experimentally induced emotions (positive, neutral, negative) on learning with multimedia instruction with N = 75 university students. In order to provide sound explanations about how emotional state might impact learning, measures of motivation, cognitive load, and attentional processes (eye tracking) were integrated. Results showed that while emotions did not influence retention, emotions did influence outcomes of the comprehension and transfer test. Specifically, a facilitating effect of an induced negative emotional state on learning outcomes was observed, which could be attributed to a more focused and detailed information processing. In contrast, an induced positive emotional state had a suppressing effect on learning outcomes since learners were distracted from the learning materials by their emotions. Motivational measures were not influenced by learners' different emotional states, but overall, controlled motivation increased and autonomous motivation decreased during learning. In sum, the learners' emotional state should be considered in learning research as an important predictor for learning success. 相似文献
7.
This special issue of Learning and Instruction examines the role of emotions in academic learning, with a special focus on emotions in computer-supported academic learning (or e-learning). Three central research challenges concerning emotion in e-learning are: identification (e.g., what are the key emotions in e-learning?), measurement (e.g., how can we tell how strongly a learner is experiencing each key emotion during e-learning?), and explanation (e.g., what are the causes and consequences of the learner's emotional state during learning?). A useful goal of research on emotions in e-learning is to test an affective-cognitive model of e-learning with links among an e-learning episode, the learner's emotional reaction during learning, the learner's cognitive processing during learning, and the learning outcome. 相似文献
8.
情感因素在外语学习中起着很重要的作用。积极的情感因素对外语学习有促进作用,消极的情感因素则会阻碍外语学习。为了提高学生的外语学习,教师应该想法设法帮助学生建构积极情感。在此联系教学实际,分析了高职学生英语学习的情感现状,探索了造成学生情感问题的原因,并就教师应该如何帮助学生构建积极情感提出了见解。 相似文献
9.
Decades of research and practice in social and emotional development have left us with a body of knowledge that tells us that (1) social, emotional, and cognitive development are intertwined in the brain and in behavior and influence school and life outcomes; (2) social, emotional, and cognitive skills and competencies grow in supportive relationships and are influenced by experience and context; and (3) there are programs and practices that have been shown to be effective in supporting these skills and competencies. The science of social and emotional learning is distinct in that it represents a blend of the developmental and applied sciences. In this article, we summarize a key framework that has guided much of the research and practical work of social and emotional learning, and we synthesize the major areas of research that have propelled the field forward. We then turn to what’s next, describing and illustrating 4 essential principles that should guide work in the future. 相似文献
10.
本文介绍了作者对过去30年在线学习研究的研究进展。研究如何设计在线教学是将学习科学应用于教育的一个案例。在线教学设计研究有助于发展学习科学(如认知负荷理论、多媒体学习的认知理论,以及学习的元认知、动机和情感的综合),教学科学(如有研究证据的教学设计原理不断发展)和评估科学(如多侧面的迁移测试,同时辅以保持测试和自我调查报告,学习过程中的日志文件数据,以及学习认知过程中的认知神经科学测量等)。文中反复提到的观点:学习有赖于运用教学方法,而不是单凭教学媒体就能够奏效的,在线教学设计研究应该关注数字化学习环境的特性;教学实践应建立在严谨、系统的研究基础上,包括旨在确定在线教学中有效成分的增值实验;在线学习研究应确定教学技术最有效的边界条件;在线学习研究应该起到检验和发展学习理论的作用。 相似文献
11.
An important challenge in higher education today is the growing tutor–student ratio that diminishes the ‘human touch’. As learning and teaching ultimately form an interpersonal process, this will lead to student discontent and impact on their learning. Whilst there is little that teaching practitioners can do in terms of the growing student numbers they have to tutor, they may however influence student learning by enhancing their positive emotions. This study examines the importance of emotions in improving cognitive skills and how they interact with knowledge and reflection. This research contributes to theory by examining the role of emotions as a moderating factor in the learning process. Our findings reveal that emotions moderate the direct relationship between knowledge and cognitive skills, and the indirect relationship between knowledge and cognitive skills via reflection. The findings demonstrate the critical role that emotions play in student learning. Implications for theory and practice are discussed. 相似文献
12.
Guido Makransky Lau Lilleholt 《Educational technology research and development : ETR & D》2018,66(5):1141-1164
Virtual reality (VR) is projected to play an important role in education by increasing student engagement and motivation. However, little is known about the impact and utility of immersive VR for administering e-learning tools, or the underlying mechanisms that impact learners’ emotional processes while learning. This paper explores whether differences exist with regard to using either immersive or desktop VR to administer a virtual science learning simulation. We also investigate how the level of immersion impacts perceived learning outcomes using structural equation modeling. The sample consisted of 104 university students (39 females). Significantly higher scores were obtained on 11 of the 13 variables investigated using the immersive VR version of the simulation, with the largest differences occurring with regard to presence and motivation. Furthermore, we identified a model with two general paths by which immersion in VR impacts perceived learning outcomes. Specifically, we discovered an affective path in which immersion predicted presence and positive emotions, and a cognitive path in which immersion fostered a positive cognitive value of the task in line with the control value theory of achievement emotions. 相似文献
13.
Usha Goswami 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2009,3(3):176-184
Neuroscience has the potential to make some very exciting contributions to education and pedagogy. However, it is important to ask whether the insights from neuroscience studies can provide "usable knowledge" for educators. With respect to literacy, for example, current neuroimaging methods allow us to ask research questions about how the brain develops networks of neurons specialized for the act of reading and how literacy is organized in the brain of a reader with developmental dyslexia. Yet quite how these findings can translate to the classroom remains unclear. One of the most exciting possibilities is that neuroscience could deliver "biomarkers" that could identify children with learning difficulties very early in development. In this review, I will illustrate how the field of mind, brain, and education might develop biomarkers by combining educational, cognitive, and neuroscience research paradigms. I will argue that all three kinds of research are necessary to provide usable knowledge for education. 相似文献
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15.
彭红兵 《江西教育学院学报》2008,29(4):46-48
教育部颁发的《全日制义务教育普通高级中学英语课程标准（实验稿）》首次正式将学生的情感态度确定为五大课程目标之一,而在实际英语课堂教学中,学生的情感因素并未得到足够的重视。针对两者之间的反差,文章从认知心理学和人本主义心理学两大角度阐述了情感的教育意义,然后以任务型教学为基点,提出了培养学生积极、健康情感的三大途径：创设安全的心理环境、开展小组合作学习、采用真实评价方式,以完善当前英语教学,促进学生“知”、“情”的平衡发展。 相似文献
16.
Peta Baxter Harold Bekkering Ton Dijkstra Mienke Droop Marianne van den Hurk Frank Lon 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2021,15(1):24-34
Cognitive neuroscience has gained significant insight into the mechanisms underlying the mental lexicon and their impact on second language vocabulary learning. However, relatively little effort has been put into understanding how these mechanisms may impact instructional practices. We attempt to bridge this gap. Towards that end, we first describe three main properties of the mental lexicon: words have distinct form and meaning representations; these representations are organized in multilingual network structures organized by similarity; and the representations differ in strength. Next, we translate the properties into a visual framework that we use to reflect upon how this knowledge affects three important choices in vocabulary instruction: composing word lists, selecting an instruction method, and consolidating newly acquired words. Lastly, we discuss opportunities for both science and practice, highlighting the importance of improving the ecological validity of scientific models and theories, and of developing instructional methods grounded in cognitive science. 相似文献
17.
Mary Helen Immordino-Yang 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2007,1(2):66-83
ABSTRACT— In recent years, educators have been looking increasingly to neuroscience to inform their understanding of how children’s brain and cognitive development are shaped by their learning experiences. However, while this new interdisciplinary approach presents an unprecedented opportunity to explore and debate the educational implications of neuropsychological research, a good model for this dialogue is lacking. This is in part because relatively little is known about the relationships between cognitive, emotional, and neurological development, in part because of a dearth of research methods designed to rigorously connect issues of learning and development to neuropsychological strengths and weaknesses, and in part because neuropsychological studies are rarely presented in a format that is conducive to meaningful cross‐disciplinary dialogue with educators. To begin to address these issues, in this article, I present the complementary cases of Nico and Brooke, two high‐functioning adolescents, who have suffered the removal of an entire brain hemisphere (Nico his right and Brooke his left) to control severe epilepsy. Through presenting a neuropsychological study of these rare boys’ emotion and affective prosody (vocal intonation) through the developmental lens of an educator, I reinterpret the neuropsychological findings for what they reveal about how the boys leveraged their emotional and cognitive strengths to learn important skills for which they were each missing half of the normally recruited neural hardware. While Nico’s and Brooke’s results seem on the surface to contradict expectations based on neuropsychological findings with adults, they combine to reveal a compensatory logic that begins to elucidate the active role of the learner as well as the organizing role of emotion in brain development, providing a jumping‐off point for discussion between educators and neuroscientists and a model for connecting neuropsychological strengths and weaknesses to learning. 相似文献
18.
社会认知神经科学关于自我与他人共享表征观研究进展 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
赵晶 《浙江教育学院学报》2008,(1):52-59
社会认知神经科学关于自我与他人的共享袁征观建立在认知心理学、社会心理学、发展心理学以及认知神经科学的基础上。目前的研究阐述了人们如何对自我和他人进行区分和辨别,如何协调和对比自我及他人的袁征,同时解释区分自我和他人社会性表征的脑神经机制。 相似文献
19.
在线讨论作为在线学习的重要组成部分,其产生的文本数据可以反映学习者的认知水平、互动质量以及情绪状态。学习情绪影响认知行为,从而影响学习成效,研究学习情绪和认知行为之间的关系非常重要。文章基于Harris等人的情绪分类法和蔡今中的认知分类体系,使用内容分析法和滞后序列分析法研究学习者的动态学习情绪、认知行为序列模式以及学习情绪和认知行为之间的关系。研究表明:困惑情绪和消极情绪会转化为积极情绪,但是中性情绪不会转化为积极情绪;学习者倾向于呈现描述行为和推断或解释行为,且认知行为序列模式具有渐进性特征;描述行为会引发消极情绪,比较行为、推断或解释行为会引发积极情绪。教师可根据学习者的行为转换情况进行适当的指导和干预,以提升学习者的学习效果。 相似文献
20.
The purpose of this article is to delineate the role of epistemic emotions in personal epistemology and self-regulated learning (SRL). We first review important tenets of personal epistemology and SRL and then present a model of SRL that situates personal epistemology within that model. We then define epistemic emotions, describe under what conditions epistemic emotions arise, and delineate how these emotions may facilitate or constrain learning processes and learning outcomes. Specifically, we present five antecedents to epistemic emotions and five consequences of those emotions during learning. The five antecedents are control, value, novelty, complexity, and achievement or impasses of epistemic aims. The five consequences are effects on planning and goal setting, motivation, cognitive and metacognitive strategies, learning outcomes, and revisions to antecedents. We end with a discussion of educational implications and future directions for research. 相似文献