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1.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(5):357-366
AbstractThe aim of the present study was to evaluate the Flemish Sports Compass (FSC), a non-sport-specific generic testing battery. It was hypothesised that a set of 22 tests would have sufficient discriminant power to allocate athletes to their own sport based on a unique combination of test scores. First, discriminant analyses were applied to the 22 tests of anthropometry, physical fitness and motor coordination in 141 boys under age 18 (16.1 ± 0.8 years) and post age at peak height velocity (maturity offset = 2.674 ± 0.926) from Flemish Top Sport Academies for badminton, basketball, gymnastics, handball, judo, soccer, table tennis, triathlon and volleyball. Second, nine sequential discriminant analyses were used to assess the ability of a set of relevant performance characteristics classifying participants and non-participants for the respective sports. Discriminant analyses resulted in a 96.4% correct classification of all participants for the nine different sports. When focusing on relevant performance characteristics, 80.1% to 97.2% of the total test sample was classified correctly within their respective disciplines. The discriminating characteristics were briefly the following: flexibility in gymnastics, explosive lower-limb strength in badminton and volleyball, speed and agility in badminton, judo, soccer and volleyball, upper-body strength in badminton, basketball and gymnastics, cardiorespiratory endurance in triathletes, dribbling skills in handball, basketball and soccer and overhead-throwing skills in badminton and volleyball. The generic talent characteristics of the FSC enable the distinction of adolescent boys according to their particular sport. Implications for talent programmes are discussed. 相似文献
2.
John Pyecha 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(3):425-431
Abstract The effects of physical education courses in judo I, judo II, handball, badminton, basketball, and volleyball on certain personality traits of male freshmen at the University of North Carolina were compared. Subjects used were randomly selected from a student population meeting prespecified constraints and assigned to the Experimental (judo I and judo II, N = 73), Control 1 (handball and volleyball, N = 34), and Control 2 (badminton and basketball, N = 42) Groups. Personality trait measures on all subjects were obtained through repeated administrations of Cattell's Sixteen Personality Factor Questionnaire, 1962 Edition of Form A; i.e., pretreatment, 8-week, and 16-week measures. Using pretreatment measures as covariates, analysis of variance techniques indicated that the judo experimental group became more warmhearted, easygoing, and participating than did either of the control groups. 相似文献
3.
During the Japanese occupation of British Malaya and Southeast Asia from the years 1942 to 1945 there were reports of POWs being allowed to play cricket, football, rugby and basketball, as told by Kevin Blackburn in The Sportsmen of Changi published in 2012. This research about the sporting lives of a Governor and male European internees at Singapore's Changi prison is likely to be first detailed research on this topic. The authors depended mainly on four published diaries and 262 issues of the men's camp newspaper, Changi Guardian, to account for the male internees' casual and competitive cricket, football, hockey, volleyball, badminton, tennis and boxing matches that were played during internment. The Japanese Military Administration allowed the male internees to organize their daily lives and play games that they indulged in during the pre-War period as the British dominated the Singapore Cricket Club, Penang Cricket Club and Perak Club. The internees were able to play the various games and matches in spite of the limited food and sparse facilities. Many of the cricket and football games that were played were organized as inter-state, inter-club or league matches. These games were played with improvized equipment and rules. 相似文献
4.
发展我国竞技体育的重要战略措施——关于田径等9个项目教学训练大纲的编制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为理顺各训练环节的关系,更好地培养竞技运动人才,通过大量调查和测试,根据项目的特点和发展规律,以及儿童、青少年各年龄阶段的不同特点,研制了田径、游泳、体操、举重、篮球、排球、足球、乒乓球和羽毛球共9个项目的教学训练大纲。该大纲经过一年多试行后,自1992年4月起已在全国上述项目的教学训练、竞赛工作中全面贯彻实施。本文对大纲编制的组织和方法、大纲的内容和特点等简作论述。 相似文献
5.
William H. Solley 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(2):231-240
Abstract The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of learning between two distributions of practice in archery and badminton classes. Each activity was divided into two groups based on the distribution of practice used. The “t” test of the significance of the difference between means was used to make comparisons between groups relative to the effectiveness of the two practice distributions of learning as measured by gain in selected criteria. The results seemed to indicate that more effective learning in archery took place under relatively massed practice while in badminton wider distribution of practice produced more rapid learning. 相似文献
6.
我国女子乒乓球运动员16项个性因素具有典型的项目特征，总体状况表现为在乐群性、聪慧性、稳定性等7个方面趋向高分特征，而在有恒性、敏感性、怀疑性等7个方面趋向低分特征。我国女子乒乓球运动员与女篮、女排运动员相比，个性表现更为热情活泼、自信好强，与女大学生相比，其个性特征表现得较为鲜明，性格更为成熟。我国女子乒乓球运动员的双重个性均属于适应型、外向型、安详机警型和果断型。 相似文献
7.
为了培养北方高校大学生冬季体育锻炼的良好习惯,采用文献资料法、问卷调查法对哈尔滨市7所普通高校1600名在校大学生进行有关冬季体育锻炼行为的调查,结果显示:多数大学生冬季能够经常参加体育锻炼,但锻炼次数偏少;男生参加锻炼的情况好于女生,女大学生的体育锻炼现状不容乐观;大学生冬季体育锻炼态度比较积极,目的明确,以增强体质、促进身心健康、丰富业余生活为主,但有两成多的大学生体育锻炼是为了应付考试;男大学生经常参加体育锻炼项目依次是滑冰、乒乓球、羽毛球、跑步、滑雪、雪地足球、篮球、游泳以及街舞;女生参加最多的是滑冰、羽毛球、乒乓球、跑步、滑雪、排球、游泳、篮球和街舞。大学生主要采取"和同学或朋友一起"这一形式进行锻炼;没有时间、学习任务重、气候寒冷和锻炼设施不足等是影响大学生参加锻炼的客观原因,而主观上"没有恒心"成为大学生需要克服的主要障碍。 相似文献
8.
Walter Crosby Eells 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):119-121
Abstract The purpose of this investigation was to study the intelligence and skill of 375 college women in relation to their success in round-robin singles competition in badminton or tennis. Intelligence was measured by the Otis quick-scoring mental ability test; skill was determined by the subject's combined T-score on two standardized tests of badminton or tennis skill; and success in tournament play was expressed by the percentage of points won out of the number possible during tournament play. Prior to the competition, subjects were classified on the basis of skill by means of a skill test and placed into leagues of between eight and eleven players each. Tests of equivalence were applied to determine the equality of leagues with respect to skill and intelligence. An analysis of variance employing success as the dependent variable and involving two levels of skill and intelligence (high and low) and two levels of sport (badminton and tennis) resulted in a highly significant F ratio for the skill variable and nonsignificant F ratios for intelligence and sports. Interaction factors were generally nonsignificant. Correlation coefficients between skill and success in badminton and tennis were .65 and .60 respectively, and coefficients between intelligence and success were essentially zero. 相似文献
9.
运用抽样调查、实验和比较研究法研究武汉科技大学学生的最大摄氧量。结论显示:健身健美操能显著改善大学生的心血管机能;足球、篮球、羽毛球和网球项目相比,改善效果更显著;对女生心血管机能的改善程度大于男生。 相似文献
10.
刘永 《体育科技文献通报》2010,18(12):124-126
以集体项目和个人项目两个关联项群为研究对象,在南京的9所高校高水平运动队中提取篮球、排球、足球以及乒乓球、羽毛球、网球、武术、跆拳道为不同项群对照组,通过对艾森克人格问卷（EPQ）测试数据的统计学分析,研究关联项群运动员人格特质的不同表现。研究结果表明,在艾森克人格问卷测试系统中,研究所指的不同项群运动员其P、E、N、L量表分值大部分存在着显著差异并与对照常模存在显著差异。运动员人格特质与项群构成具有高度的相关性,对不同项群运动员人格特质的精确把握,可以作为竞赛训练中心理选材和心理调控的重要手段。 相似文献
11.
Abstract The deflection profiles of a badminton racket during strokes performed by elite and world-class badminton players were recorded by strain gauges and subsequently analysed to determine the role of shaft stiffness in racket performance. Deflection behaviour was consistent in all strokes across all players, suggesting a controlled use of racket elasticity. In addition, all impacts occurred within 100 ms of each other, a duration in which deflection velocity provides an increase in racket velocity, indicating that the players were able to use racket elasticity to their advantage. Since deflection behaviour is a product of the racket–player interaction, further work is required to determine the effects of different racket properties and player techniques on the elastic response of rackets during strokes. 相似文献
12.
采用文献资料研究、专家访谈和数理统计等方法,对山东省普通高校高水平运动项目布局进行研究。结论:重点发展项目为篮球、田径、排球和足球,一般发展项目为健美操、武术和乒乓球,次要发展项目为游泳、手球和网球。 相似文献
13.
梳理运动项目影响竞猜型体育彩票开设的各种因素,提出项目的市场影响力是竞猜开设的基础,诱发赌博风险是催化和驱动力。为探究两者交互作用下的竞猜开设可能性,首先在逻辑上建构市场影响力和诱发赌博风险组合的"理想类型"分类,再从经验上考察我国足球、篮球、乒乓球、排球和赛马运动在分类中的位置及与竞猜的不同关联。最后,进一步提炼竞猜型体育彩票开设与发展的一般规律与可能变异,并探讨这一规律对推动我国竞猜型体彩发展的政策启示。 相似文献
14.
Douglas L. Ballor Lynne M. Burke Duane V. Knudson John R. Olson Henry J. Montoye 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(4):362-368
Abstract This study examined the accuracy of a new device (Caltrac) in estimating energy expenditure via acceleration measurements. Energy expenditure of 20 high school students during basketball class activity (average length = 37 min) was estimated using the Caltrac, heart rate recording, and video analysis. Heart rate recording and video analysis estimates of energy expenditure were determined from heart rate, caloric expenditure curves, and an activity rating scale, respectively. The following estimates of caloric expenditure (M ± SD) were found: heart rate recording = 196 ±73 > Caltrac = 163 ±49 > film analysis = 123 ± 30 kcal (p < .05). Laboratory simulations of the basketball activity revealed that the Caltrac energy expenditure was not significantly different from the actual energy expenditure (p > .05). The heart rate recording and video analysis estimates of energy expenditure were significantly (p < .05) higher and lower, respectively, than the actual energy expenditure. The Caltrac is a lightweight, low-cost device that provides a relatively accurate estimate of energy expenditure in free-ranging activities, such as basketball. 相似文献
15.
Kamasha Robertson Johan Pion Mireille Mostaert Mohd Rozilee Wazir Norjali Wazir Tamara Kramer Irene Renate Faber 《Journal of sports sciences》2018,36(23):2706-2715
ABSTRACTDifferences and similarities between table tennis and other racquet sports exist, but are not well documented in the literature, in spite of the relevance for talent identification. In this study we aimed at identifying the key characteristics of table tennis in comparison with tennis and badminton based upon a survey in coaches. A total of 177 licensed coaches from all across the world and with diverse professional backgrounds completed a survey on anthropometric measures, physical performance, and motor coordination skills. On a scale from 1 to 10, coaches indicated to what extent a talent characteristic was important for their sport. MANOVA identified key differences as well as similarities between all three racquet sports and a subsequent discriminant analysis allocated coaches correctly for table tennis, tennis, and badminton 81.01%, 55.6%, and 71.4% respectively. Our results show that table tennis and other racquet sport coaches are well aware of differences between the racquet sports and also the importance and value of testing and assortment of skill components. These findings can assist coaches in future talent orientation and transfer in racquet sports. 相似文献
16.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(6):379-388
Abstract The aim of this study was to adapt a performance measurement tool, the Team Sport Assessment Procedure (TSAP), to ice hockey during match-play. In addition to the six categories included in the original observational procedure, the ice hockey TSAP contained four new categories. Twelve Pee-Wee ice hockey matches were video-recorded during a regional championship tournament. The game play of 103 of the 11- to 12-year-old players was then analysed on video by three trained observers, based on all 10 ice hockey TSAP categories. The observational data were thereafter used to compute, for each player, a “volume of play per minute” and an efficiency index. Finally, volume of play per minute and the efficiency index were combined to obtain a composite score, the TSAP performance score. Additional measurements for each player were playing time during the observed matches, coaches’ assessments (dominant, good, less decisive), and player tournament statistics (number of points, based on assists and goals). The mean TSAP performance score was substantially higher for players rated by their coaches as dominant and for players who accumulated more than one tournament point, findings that provide evidence of the validity of the TSAP measure. In inter-observer reliability analyses of TSAP observational data provided by the trained observersfrom video recordings, the level of agreement between each pair of observers was 80–82%. Reliability correlations over a series of three matches (r=0.26, 0.59, and 0.16 respectively) showed that the TSAP performance score was relatively unstable. Ice hockey coaches may use this adapted Team Sport Assessment Procedure to better understand the offensive implication of each player in a given match, since the 10 observational variables provide more extensive information on performance than traditional statistical measures. Due to low performance stability of the TSAP performance score, coaches ought to use the observational assessment data for the formative rather than the summative assessment of their players unless they cumulate information over a series of several matches. Formative assessment can be conducted either during training camps or even during the regular season. 相似文献
17.
18.
Seokgyu Choi 《国际体育史杂志》2016,33(9):990-1007
AbstractSouth Korean archery has a remarkable history performed on a global stage, with the Olympic women’s archery team having won seven times consecutively. The Korea National Archery Association joined the Fédération Internationale de Tir à l’Arc (FITA) as a result of a national government policy but there are several factors that have made Korean archery successful, including active investments from Korean conglomerates, national sports promotion policy, field-oriented training and a scientific player management system, amongst other influences. Among the valuable factors, the most significant is that traditional Korean archery Gukgung instructors taught several archers in the early stages of their success. There are many similar shooting techniques in archery adopted from traditional techniques, including levelling one’s arms, releasing the string, taking one’s arm back to the rear and aiming according to the wind direction. This approach eventually became a foundation for the success of Korean archery. The Korea National Archery Association is the home of Gukgung, which advances traditional Korean archery. In this context, the Korea National Archery Association – the Mecca of traditional archery – has contributed much to the success of Korean archery. 相似文献
19.
Jack H. Wilmore Anne E. Atwater Bess D. Maxwell Dorothy L. Wilmore Stefan H. Constable Michael J. Buono 《Research quarterly for exercise and sport》2013,84(1):90-92
Tennis is an activity requiring both endurance and anaerobic components, which could have immunosuppressive effects postexercise. Purpose The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of a simulated tennis match on apoptotic and migratory markers on lymphocyte subsets. Method Male high school (n = 5) and college (n = 3) tennis players (M age = 18.9 ± 3.3 years) completed 10 sets of a tennis protocol including serves, forehand strokes, and backhand groundstrokes with 1-min rest periods between sets. Apoptosis antigen 1 receptor (CD95) and chemokine receptor fractalkine (CX3CR1) expression was analyzed on helper T lymphocytes (CD4+), cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CD8+), and B lymphocytes (CD19+) twice, at resting baseline and immediately after all 10 sets of the tennis protocol. Results An increase was observed in each lymphocyte subtype (p < .02, effect size = .41), and comparison of absolute changes revealed increases in CD4+/CD95+, CD8+/CD95+, and CD8+/CX3CR1 lymphocytes following the tennis protocol (p < .01, effect size = .43), but not in CD19+ cells. Conclusions A simulated tennis match has adequate intensity to induce immune modulations in terms of increased cell death and cellular migration in T lymphocyte subsets. Lymphocytopenia following tennis play is influenced by both apoptotic and migratory mechanisms. 相似文献
20.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(9):1267-1275
ABSTRACTThe purpose of the study was to assess (a) the prevalence of disordered eating (DE) in elite female team sports players compared to non-athletes and (b) to compare DE prevalence in elite female players in basketball, volleyball and water polo. One hundred and seventy-five females were recruited (age 23.10?±?5.4, BMI 21.85?±?2.3?kg/m2), 53 were elite basketball players, 42 were elite volleyball players, 34 were elite water polo players and 46 were non-athletes. Participants completed the Eating Disorders Questionnaire (EDE-Q) and a physical activity questionnaire. The EDE-Q incorporates 36 statements which relate to the occurrence and frequency of key behaviours of eating disorders, under the following four subscales: Restraint, eating concern, shape concern and weight concern and a global score of disordered eating. No differences were found in the EDE-Q subscale score and global score between athletes and non-athletes. Only 6.2% of the total number of participants exhibited DE using the global score >2.3. Water polo players had significantly higher scores in the ‘eating concern’ subscale and in the frequency of key behavioural features of DE such as binge eating episodes and objective and subjective bulimic episodes, compared to volleyball and basketball players. In conclusion, team sport elite female players do not exhibit greater prevalence of DE compared to non-athletes. Water polo, a sport that emphasises leanness and control of body weight for international distinctions, is associated with a higher tendency to exhibit DE, when compared to other team sports. 相似文献