共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
1.
《物理教学探讨》2006,(5)
1927年—康普顿和威尔逊康普顿(Arthur Holly Compton,1892-1962)因发现康普顿效应、威尔逊(charles Thomson Rees Wilson1869-1959)因发现通过蒸气凝结观察带电粒子径迹的方法,共同分享了1927年度的诺贝尔物理学奖。1920年,康普顿(左图)在华盛顿大学用X射线做散射实验。他设计并吹制了X射线管,使管子的靶和散射用的石墨靠得很近;他还设计了特制的X射线分光仪,改进了探测用的可调象限计,这些措施大大提高了X射线散射实验的检测灵敏度。通过实验,他清晰地观察到,散射后的X射线包含两种不同的波长成分:一种和入射X射线波长相同,称为不变… 相似文献
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《物理教学探讨》2006,24(6)
1927年-康普顿和威尔逊康普顿(Arthur Holly Compton,1892-1962)因发现康普顿效应、威尔逊(Charles Thomson Rees wilson,1869-1959)因发现通过蒸气凝结观察带电粒子径迹的方法,共同分享了1927年度的诺贝尔物理学奖。1920年,康普顿(左图)在华盛顿大学用X射线做散射实验。他设计并吹制了X射线管,使管子的靶和散射用的石墨靠得很近;他还设计了特制的X射线分光仪,改进了探测用的可调象限计,这些措施大大提高了X射线散射实验的检测灵敏度。通过实验,他清晰地观察到,散射后的X射线包含两种不同的波长成分:一种和入射X射线波长相同,称为不变… 相似文献
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康普顿效应是X射线通过物质时发生散射,除波长不变部分外,还有波长变长的部分出现.康普顿把这种现象解释为X射线的光子与电子碰撞的结果.通过对康普顿散射的仔细分析,可推出康普顿散射是弹性散射,光子也不可以任意分割. 相似文献
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张玉华 《潍坊教育学院学报》1996,(3)
<正>康普顿(A·H Compton,1892～1962,美国),在1922～1923年间研究了X射线经过石墨、金属等材料散射后的谱线成份,发现被散射的X射线中,有与入射波长相同的部分,也有大于入射波波长的部分,这种现象后来被称为康普顿效应.经典的波动理论不能解释这种效应,而康普顿应用爱因斯坦的光量子理论对此进行了成功的说明:一个光子与散射物中的一个自由电子(或束缚较松的电子)发生作用后,光子将沿某一方向散射而同时将一部分能量转交给电子,使电子反冲出去,因此散射光子的能量小于入射光子的能量,散射光子的波长λ’大于入射光子的波长λ,即 相似文献
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郭雷 《第二课堂(小学)》2002,(Z1)
1923年,美国物理学家康普顿(1892～1962)发现,X射线经放射后波长变长,这一现象后被称为康普顿效应,也称康普顿散射。康普顿也因此获得1927年诺贝尔物理学奖。 相似文献
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掠入射X射线散射方法与应用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
描述了掠入射X射线散射的基本方法,包括掠入射X射线衍射、掠入射X射线反射和掠入射X射线漫散射方法。还对实验室进行掠入射X射线散射的实验几何进行了描述,并给出X射线掠入射方法在纳米薄膜材料研究中的应用。 相似文献
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康普顿效应是X射线通过物质时发生散射后,除波长不变部分外,还有波长变长的部分出现,康普顿把这种现象解释为X射线的光子与电子碰撞的结果,通过对康普效应的仔细分析,可推论出光子可任意分割的新概念。 相似文献
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LUO Guang ZHOU Shang-qi HAN Zhong CHEN Shuang-kou 《重庆大学学报(英文版)》2006,5(4):193-199
1 Introduction a Compton scattering is well known, and its applications are studied by physicists, chemists and specialists in many fields. Some applications are relatively mature and relevant instruments have been developed such as ComScan; whereas the o… 相似文献
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二维成像又叫平面成像,能反映目标的形状和材料特性,对于目标的识别具有重要的意义。本文研究的是朗伯圆锥体激光后向散射二维成像。利用朗伯体散射亮度与方向无关的性质来实现算法的设计,推导出朗伯圆锥的激光后向散射光强的表达式。利用C语言实现程序设计,把成像的数据保存为二进制文件,并用二进制读取软件读取数据文件,实现仿真图片的查看,分析了分辨率和激光入射方向对成像的影响,从给出的结果看出本文设计的算法能够实现朗伯圆锥激光后向二维散射成像。 相似文献
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Short path distillation (SPD) is a kind of high vacuum distillation method, which is suitable for the separation of high boiling, heat sensitivity and viscidity products.In this paper,through measuring the phase-averaged velocity distributions with a conditional sampling method of the particle imaging velocimetry (PIV), the liquid flow field that affects the heat and mass transfer of evaporating thin-film in an SPD evaporator is investigated.Measured results show that the flow velocities decrease rapidly apart from the wiper at different wiper velocities, the maximum velocity appears before wipers, and the quicker the wiping, the larger the flow velocity. Meanwhile, the evaluation of numerical calculations is carried out.The measured velocity distributions indicate clearly the effect of the wiper both on the flow field along its moving direction and on the vortices behind the wiper.Simulation data show that the performance of liquid flow field on the heating surface not only agrees with the experimental results well,but also can give further more information, such as the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy.In this study,turbulent kinetic energy mainly distributes before wipers and laminar flow appears far away from the wipers. 相似文献
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Short path distillation (SPD) is a kind of high vacuum distillation method, which is suitable for the separation of high boiling, heat sensitivity and viscidity products. In this paper ,through measuring the phase-averaged velocity distributions with a conditional sampling method of the particle imaging velocimetry ( PIV), the liquid flow field that affects the heat and mass transfer of evaporating thin-film in an SPD evaporator is investigated. Measured results show that the flow velocities decrease rapidly apart from the wiper at different wiper velocities, the maximum velocity appears before wipers, and the quicker the wiping, the larger the flow velocity. Meanwhile, the evaluation of numerical calculations is carried out. The measured velocity distributions indicate clearly the effect of the wiper both on the flow field along its moving direction and on the vortices behind the wiper. Simulation data show that the performance of liquid flow field on the heating surface not only agrees with the experimental results well, but also can give further more information, such as the distribution of turbulent kinetic energy. In this study ,turbulent kinetic energy mainly distributes before wipers and laminar flow appears far away from the wipers. 相似文献
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在应用高分辨电子显微技术测定蛋白质晶体结构中,由于蛋白质晶体对辐射损伤的敏感性和真空损伤等原因,使蛋白质晶体高分辨成象困难且有别于通常的高分辨成象.本文应用光学衍射方法,对蛋白质晶体高分辨成象条件进行了测定和分析. 相似文献
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从几何电子光学理论出发,阐述了物镜光阑对影响透射电镜极限分辨率的主要因素（球差、色差和衍射）和场深、焦深的影响,并根据傅里叶电子光学理论,研究并计算了物镜光阑对透射电镜电子频谱的影响。 相似文献
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岳定权 《周口师范学院学报》2007,24(6):137-139
新课程改革中,新的知识观对我国课程的理论与实践产生了很大影响。但现在对知识观与课程关系的研究出现了一些片面现象。因此,对知识观与课程关系的研究现状进行梳理,明确研究的思路和框架,并指出研究的不足和研究的方向是很有必要的。 相似文献
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时间分辨荧光免疫分析技术是现代高灵敏度免疫研究的热点领域,适合于生命活性物质的痕量检测。以4,7-二氯磺酰基苯基-1,10-菲咯啉-2,9-二羧酸(BCPDA)作为双功能螯合剂与稀土铕离子标记人轮状病毒抗体RV(Ab),研究其最佳实验条件;根据解离增强原理,采用时间分辨荧光免疫分析技术对Eu3+-BCPDA-RV(Ab)的荧光寿命、荧光光谱等进行了测定。 相似文献
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M. C. Batanero J. D. Godino H. G. Steiner E. Wenzelburger 《Educational Studies in Mathematics》1994,26(1):95-102
In this report we present the results of an international research study on the training of researchers in mathematics education. the study was carried out by some members of the international study group on theory of mathematics education. the research involved developing a questionnaire which was mailed to numerous institutions all over the world and the analysis of the answers which were received. the main objective of the study was to collect international data about the training of researchers in mathematics education and to establish an information network about graduate programs in the field. a total of about 150 questionnaires were sent out and 78 answers received. fifteen of these answers came from universities that wish to participate in the network although they do not have a program at present.Deceased. See obituary following this article. 相似文献