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1.
This research focuses specifically on uncertainty and information seeking in a digital environment. In this research we argue that different types of uncertainty are associated with the information seeking process and that, with the proliferation of new and different search tools, sources and channels, uncertainty, positive/desirable or negative/undesirable, continues to be a significant factor in the search process. Users may feel uncertain at any stage of the information search and retrieval process and uncertainty may remain even after completion of the process resulting in what may be called persistent uncertainty. An online questionnaire was used to collect data from users in the higher education sector. There were three parts to the questionnaire focusing on: information seeking activities, information seeking problems, and access to specific information channels or sources. Quantitative analysis was carried out on the data collected through the online questionnaire. A total of 668 responses were returned from the chosen user categories of academic staff, research staff and research students. This research has shown that there are some information seeking activities and information seeking problems that are the most common causes of uncertainty among significant number of users from different disciplines, age, gender, ICT skills, etc. This is also the case with respect to access to and use of specific information sources/channels, although the degrees of uncertainty in relation are relatively small. Possible implications of this study and further research issues are indicated. 相似文献
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基于主题细分的社交网络用户间交互特征分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
[目的/意义]针对一微博子网,从主题细分的角度对用户间历史交互记录进行研究,发现用户间交互的主题偏好特征,以期从微观层面了解用户信息传播行为的规律。[方法/过程]通过用户实例分析得出对用户间交互进行主题细分的必要性;利用主题模型(LDA)对用户间历史交互记录进行主题细分,采用多维向量表示用户间在不同主题下的交互强度;通过统计分析和网络分析方法探索用户间交互的主题特征。[结果/结论]各主题下用户间交互强度的分布具有长尾特征;用户间的交互内容在时序上具有主题相关性;基于多维的用户间交互强度,可抽取出特定主题下的用户交互子网。用户间交互在时序上具有主题相关性这一特征,以及特定主题的用户交互子网,可用于对特定主题的信息传播进行监控和预测。 相似文献
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[目的/意义] 对于一个创新平台的繁荣与发展来说,用户间进行社交互动并为平台做出贡献是至关重要的。因此,本文研究用户交互中的内容特征（信息冗余）对用户知识贡献的影响。[方法/过程] 爬取典型开放式创新平台（LEGO IDEAS）的数据,使用Python NLTK包挖掘创意文本内容,并结合信息论中的冗余度计算方法和零膨胀负二项回归模型进行实证分析。[结果/结论] 结果表明,用户交互过程中获取的信息量正向影响用户知识贡献,促进用户发布更多创意,但当获取的创意之间存在冗余信息时,信息冗余会调节获取信息量对用户知识贡献的影响。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]网络用户主要通过购物类、社交类和点评类三种常见网络类型平台发表带有情感倾向的评论,但是由于用户群体、可评论时间、可评论次数以及评论方式等的不同,使得这三种网站类型中的用户对于同一主题的情感表达存在较大差异。文章从用户情感表达特征角度对比评测购物类、社交类和点评类三种主流网络平台中用户情感评论特点,为情感分析数据源选择提供借鉴。[方法/过程]在情感分析的基础上,通过对评论特点、用户情感特征和用户痛点等的对比分析和实证分析,探索三种平台的情感表达特点。[结果/结论]实验结果表明,不同类型网络平台评论的主要内容、情感特征以及痛点表现方面均存在明显差异,进而对情感分析信息源选择提供依据。 相似文献
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移动互联网的发展为微博的发展提供了更加广阔的发展空间,以复杂网络的基本统计特性为基础,通过抓取新浪微博中的相关数据,对其进行处理分析,详细分析微博用户在信息发布行为、信息发布内容方面的相关特性以及用户的关注行为和评论转发行为进行了详细地分析,认为微博网络是典型的小世界网络,微博网络整体密度较小,呈稀疏状态,但局部密集;微博网络用户的分布呈不均匀的状态,用户在信息发布、分享等方面存在较大的信息不对称性,只有小部分用户拥有较多的信息资源,扮演核心角色,大部分用户在微博中处于边缘地位。这为微博营销和微博舆论引导与消解提供了基础。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]新媒体的移动性、社交性以及其时空的不断丰富和延展,激发着用户信息需求期望的变革和信息行为的演进。原有的机械式交互获取信息方式逐渐被情感式交互和智慧式交互所取代,用户的信息需求和信息行为的价值取向发生了深远的变革。[方法/过程]为了有效地把握新媒体环境下用户信息需求及信息行为价值取向的变革趋势,本研究运用演绎归纳的方法挖掘用户信息需求的新特点,探究信息行为的新变化,并对其归总。[结果/结论]研究结果表明,新媒体环境下用户信息需求呈现为多维度、立体化演进的态势,用户信息行为的价值取向趋于场景化的交互体验。 相似文献
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[目的/意义]学术用户画像是对用户访问使用学术资源行为的较全面的刻画。本文尝试构建图书馆学术用户画像的信息行为标签和研究兴趣标签,来准确定位学术用户的信息需求,以便推荐合适的学术资源。[方法/过程]具体方法是全面获取用户的访问日志并进行清洗处理,然后构建从学术用户信息行为出发的用户画像标签体系,进一步研究构建了基于研究兴趣关联的信息资源推荐服务。[结果/结论]本研究有助于提高用户信息获取效率,提高图书馆学术资源推荐服务的质量,并为结合其它资源全面构建图书馆学术用户画像提供一定的借鉴。 相似文献
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Charles Cole 《Information processing & management》1998,34(6):709-720
The research examines the notion that the principles underlying the procedure used by doctors to diagnose a patient's disease are useful in the design of “intelligent” IR systems because the task of the doctor is conceptually similar to the computer (or human) intermediary's task in “intelligent information retrieval”: to draw out, through interaction with the IR system, the user's query/information need. The research is reported in two parts. In Part II, an information retrieval tool is described which is based on “intelligent information retrieval” assumptions about the information user. In Part I, presented here, the theoretical framework for the tool is set out. This framework is borrowed from the diagnostic procedure currently used in medicine, called “differential diagnosis”. Because of the severe consequences that attend misdiagnosis, the operating principle in differential diagnosis is (1) to expand the uncertainty in the diagnosis situation so that all possible hypotheses and evidence are considered, then (2) to contract the uncertainty in a step by step fashion (from an examination of the patient's symptoms, through the patient's history and a physical (signs), to laboratory tests). The IR theories of Taylor, Kuhlthau and Belkin are used to demonstrate that these medical diagnosis procedures are already present in IR and that it is a viable model with which to design “intelligent” IR tools and systems. 相似文献
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Arthur R. Taylor Colleen Cool Nicholas J. Belkin William J. Amadio 《Information processing & management》2007
The process of information seeking involves a varied set of tasks and interactions. Exactly how the information seeker judges the relevance of what is retrieved has been a renewed area of interest in information retrieval studies. Various studies have identified facets or categories of relevance which go beyond simple topical relevance, and there has been some recent research on how these multi-dimensional concepts of relevance relate to the information seeking process. This study extends research on the relationship between multi-dimensional user relevance assignments and stage in the process of completing a task. Our results concur with and add detail to previous studies and suggest that users consistently identify relevance criteria beyond topical relevance. Our results also find a statistically significant relationship between the users’ stage in the search process and relevance categories chosen using the convenience sample chosen for this study. 相似文献
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基于商品属性与用户聚类的个性化服装推荐研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
淘宝网作为电子商务时代最大的网上零售平台,为用户提供越来越多的商品与服务的同时,也出现了信息过载等一系列问题。鉴于此,本文提出了基于商品属性与用户聚类的个性化服装推荐方法,通过用户个人信息与对商品的评价,计算用户之间的相似度,进行聚类分析。与此同时,将商品化整为零,通过商品属性来计算商品的相似度,得到top-N相似列表。以此,综合商品与用户两者的权重值,实现为用户提供个性化的商品推荐,解决用户面对信息过载的难题,为用户节省精力,提高用户的购物体验。针对某一淘宝网店铺,本文提出了适合的混合推荐算法,并通过搜集实际数据进行了实证研究,对推荐结果进行准确性评价。 相似文献
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交互式信息查寻的全信息分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
交互式信息查寻是网络环境下查寻行为的主要方式。本文将交互过程和全信息认知层次结合，从信息内容、系统、用户、环境的认知层次出发，具体阐述了基于界面语法交互、认知语义交互和状态语用交互，使对信息本身的认知同查寻过程和层次形成循环交互。 相似文献
13.
This article introduces a type of uncertainty that resides in textual information and requires epistemic interpretation on the information seeker’s part. Epistemic modality, as defined in linguistics and natural language processing, is a writer’s estimation of the validity of propositional content in texts. It is an evaluation of chances that a certain hypothetical state of affairs is true, e.g., definitely true or possibly true. This research shifts attention from the uncertainty–certainty dichotomy to a gradient epistemic continuum of absolute, high, moderate, low certainty, and uncertainty. An analysis of a New York Times dataset showed that epistemically modalized statements are pervasive in news discourse and they occur at a significantly higher rate in editorials than in news reports. Four independent annotators were able to recognize a gradation on the continuum but individual perceptions of the boundaries between levels were highly subjective. Stricter annotation instructions and longer coder training improved intercoder agreement results. This paper offers an interdisciplinary bridge between research in linguistics, natural language processing, and information seeking with potential benefits to design and implementation of information systems for situations where large amounts of textual information are screened manually on a regular basis, for instance, by professional intelligence or business analysts. 相似文献
14.
《Information processing & management》2002,38(3):401-426
A growing body of studies is developing approaches to evaluating human interaction with Web search engines, including the usability and effectiveness of Web search tools. This study explores a user-centered approach to the evaluation of the Web search engine Inquirus – a Web meta-search tool developed by researchers from the NEC Research Institute. The goal of the study reported in this paper was to develop a user-centered approach to the evaluation including: (1) effectiveness: based on the impact of users' interactions on their information problem and information seeking stage, and (2) usability: including screen layout and system capabilities for users. Twenty-two volunteers searched Inquirus on their own personal information topics. Data analyzed included: (1) user pre- and post-search questionnaires and (2) Inquirus search transaction logs. Key findings include: (1) Inquirus was rated highly by users on various usability measures, (2) all users experienced some level of shift/change in their information problem, information seeking, and personal knowledge due to their Inquirus interaction, (3) different users experienced different levels of change/shift, and (4) the search measure precision did not correlate with other user-based measures. Some users experienced major changes/shifts in various user-based variables, such as information problem or information seeking stage with a search of low precision and vice versa. Implications for the development of user-centered approaches to the evaluation of Web and information retrieval (IR) systems and further research are discussed. 相似文献
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Web2.0环境下用户交互式网络信息组织与服务 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用户交互是Web2.0的核心内涵,本文认为发挥Web2.0技术优势,以用户交互的形式满足用户需求,完成网络信息组织与服务,将是顺应时代发展机遇,提高网络信息资源利用效率,从而创造社会财富的必然之选。并提出了以用户交互为核心的网络信息组织及服务方式,以期达到净化网络信息环境,最大化发挥网络信息资源利用效率与价值的目的。 相似文献
17.
Maria Taramigkou Dimitris Apostolou Gregoris Mentzas 《Information processing & management》2018,54(4):609-629
Exploratory search is a type of information seeking used by searchers who are either unfamiliar with the domain of their goal, are unsure about the ways to achieve their goals or uncertain about their goals in the first place. We present a method that utilizes interactional context and personality information in order to proactively prompt users to undertake actions for improving exploratory search and its outcome. Our approach is based on inferring exploration patterns based on the logged past behavior of users in order to produce models of behavior, which in turn are used to predict the next action in the current context. The user is classified into specific groups of users that share personality traits for which we have analyzed their search behaviors. At the same time, we assume that the users who belong within the same group show similar exploration tactics to reach their goal such as the sequence of actions performed. Having the models, we show how we can predict the next interaction of the user given a specific sequence of actions of the current session. In this way, we assist users in their exploration process and act proactively by providing meaningful recommendations and prompts towards possibly undiscovered facets of the topic under investigation. 相似文献
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基于用户体验的网站信息构建要素与模型分析 总被引：28，自引：1，他引：28
信息空间的构建必须考虑环境、用户、技术和内容的协调，其中，技术选择和信息内容组织必须以适应用户需求与体验为前提。基于此，本文从用户信息需求与利用入手，分析信息构建与用户体验之间的关系、用户体验要素，在构建用户体验层次模型基础上，结合网站服务业务的开展，讨论了基于用户体验的网站建设和面向用户的服务组织。 相似文献
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【目的/意义】构建高校师德舆情微博用户评论LDA模型,可以更精准识别舆情演化特征和分析关键主题传
播路径,帮助高校和相关部门更为有效地进行舆情监管和舆情引导。【方法/过程】本文以“天津大学一教授学术造
假”事件为例,基于 LDA模型构建高校师德舆情下微博用户主题生成模型,采用困惑度评价指标确定 LDA模型最
优主题数,采用信息熵确定每一主题在不同日期的主题强度,通过关键词共现知识图谱、词云展现舆情话题的演
变,最后基于主题相似度确定主题传播路径。【结果/结论】LDA模型和信息熵可以解析出网络用户群体关注的重要
主题热点,精准识别舆情演化特征,识别主题最优传播路径进行舆论引导,对爆发的舆情实现预测和管制优化。【创
新/局限】文章创新性地构建高校学术道德舆情的LDA主题模型,有效确定微博用户群体主题、识别舆情演化特征、
分析主题间传播路径,具有普适性;进一步扩大高校师德其他舆情分析及结合网络舆情情感分析为下一步的研究
内容。 相似文献
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[目的]本文通过研究微博用户信息行为，为相关部门在信息传播管控方面提供参考价值。[方法]本文从用户使用微博时产生的情绪刺激角度对用户微博信息分享意愿和动机进行调查研究和分析，并基于过程评估理论和情境评估模型构建微博用户信息分享情绪模型。[结果]研究表明，用户的情绪刺激显著正向影响用户对新颖性、规范、目标、内在舒适性和应对潜力的评估；用户对新颖性、目标和内在舒适性的评估显著正向影响用户的分享意愿；用户的分享意愿对情绪刺激有显著复发效应。[局限]本文构建的研究模型主要验证刺激、评估、结果3个组件的相互影响，未具体研究评估组件内部5个组件间的相互作用；且本研究的样本主要源自于高学历青年群体。[结论]本研究证明了情绪刺激对微博用户信息分享意愿所产生的影响。情绪既是微博用户在信息分享过程中所产生的心理及情绪波动，又是促使用户产生信息分享行为的因素。 相似文献