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1.
Lili Zhang Stuart A. KarabenickShun'ichi Maruno Fani Lauermann 《Learning and Instruction》2011,21(1):77-94
Students (N = 302) in Chinese elementary schools were assessed regarding their academic delay of gratification (ADOG) and reported the time they devoted to non-school study and playtime during an extended interval prior to taking a high-stakes final exam. Students high compared those low in ADOG were more likely to spend time studying and less time playing several weeks prior to the exam. Growth curve analyses verified, however, that this difference diminished as a function of the temporal proximity to the exam, and that the group differences were non-existent just before the exam. Associations between ADOG and students' academic motivation and use of learning strategies replicated those obtained previously with adults in the USA. Results contribute to the general literatures on volition, homework and the dynamics of conflicting goals and action tendencies. 相似文献
2.
学业延迟满足是影响学生学业发展和个人成长的重要因素。采用问卷法对1 290名优秀班和平行班的初中生学业延迟满足的特点以及与自我效能感和考试焦虑的关系进行了研究。结果发现,优秀班的学生比平行班的学生有更好的学业延迟满足能力。七年级与八年级之间没有明显的差异,而这两个年级均优于九年级。总体上,自我效能感与学业延迟满足之间呈正相关关系,优秀班的学生自我效能感与学业延迟满足之间呈正相关关系;平行班的学生自我效能感与学业延迟满足之间没有呈现正相关关系。考试焦虑与学业延迟满足之间并不存在相关关系。 相似文献
3.
采用未来时间洞察力问卷与修订后的大学生学业延迟满足问卷,分别测量了691名大学生的未来时间洞察力与学业延迟满足的水平。结果表明:大学生未来时间洞察力与学业延迟满足水平呈显著正相关,未来时间洞察力中的四个因子(行为承诺、未来效能、目的意识、未来意象)对大学生学业延迟满足有较好的预测作用。 相似文献
4.
Inherent Association Between Academic Delay of Gratification, Future Time Perspective, and Self-Regulated Learning 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
We review the association between delay of gratification and future time perspective (FTP), which can be incorporated within the theoretical perspective of self-regulation of learning. We propose that delay of gratification in academic contexts, along with facilitative beliefs about the future, increase the likelihood of completing academic tasks. Discussed are (a) classic and current theoretical views of delay of gratification, (b) FTP and its association with delay of gratification, (c) evidence for the association between delay of gratification and FTP that enhances our understanding of academic success from a self-regulated learning approach, and (d) implications for instruction, and considerations of FTP for understanding achievement-related delay. Suggestions for further research are also discussed. 相似文献
5.
通过调查分析,发现初中生学业延迟满足具有如下发展特点：不同年级、性别、成绩水平和家庭经济水平的初中生在学业延迟满足上存在显著差异,并且表现为：随年级的升高而不断下降;女生的学业延迟满能力显著高于男生的;初中生学业延迟满足能力随着学业成绩的下降,而呈下降趋势;并且整体上呈现随着收入的升高而降低的趋势. 相似文献
6.
《Learning and individual differences》1999,11(3):233-257
This study examined college students' academic delay of gratification; that is, their preference for an immediately available option (e.g., go to a favorite concert the day before a test even though the student is not well-prepared) or a delayed alternative (e.g., stay home studying to get later a good grade in the course). Academic delay of gratification, its motivational determinants (i.e., importance, utility, interest, perceived cost of success, and social expectancy), and students' use of motivation regulation strategies were examined among students identified on the basis of their task-goal orientation, performance-approach-goal orientation, and performance-avoidance-goal orientation using a hierarchical cluster analysis (N = 102). The results supported the notion that academic delay of gratification and its motivational determinants differed as a function of goal orientation. Students in Cluster 1, the high task-goal oriented learners, are high in delay of gratification and have high motivation. Students in Cluster 2, labeled combined high task-high-performance approach, considered the delay of gratification's alternatives as important and useful while perceiving the nondelay alternatives as highly interested and socially beneficial. Students in Cluster 3 were low in all of the three goal orientations and reported low preference for delay of gratification. Academic delay of gratification was discussed in view of the macro-analytic model of Mischel's cognitive—affective personality system. 相似文献
7.
The pervasive income-related achievement gap among children has been partially explained by parental investments. Wealthier parents provide more cognitively enriched environments (e.g., books, informal learning opportunities such as music lessons) and converse more with their children relative to low-income parents. However parental investment only partially accounts for the income-achievement gap. On average, low-income children have more difficulty regulating their emotions and behavior in comparison to their wealthier counterparts. Academic achievement is a function not only of cognitive competencies but also encompasses emotional and behavioral components that could also contribute to the income-achievement gap. In Study 1, family income among rural, White 9-year-olds is positively related to delay of gratification skill. This, in turn, accounts for subsequent, middle school grades at age 13. In Study 2, family income during early childhood (age 2 to Grade 3) in an ethnically diverse, national sample predicts cognitive development in 5th graders, controlling for prior levels of cognitive development at 15 months. This prospective, longitudinal relation is again mediated by delay of gratification skills. Evidence is also presented in Study 2 that the income → self-regulation → achievement path operates independently of parental investment. Analyses of both sets of data also include multiple indices of familial characteristics (e.g., maternal education, ethnicity, single-parent status). Early childhood poverty matters for later academic achievement but reasons encompass both cognitive and socioemotional processes. 相似文献
8.
The purpose of the study was to investigate the effect of cooperative learning on students' achievement in an Educational Technology course in an Initial Teacher Training Program. A cooperative learning strategy was compared with the traditional whole class direct instruction approach. Ninety-five first year full-time students at a College of Education constituted the sample. The students' achievement included: academic achievement in the course, quantity measurement in the use of instructional media, and quality rating of utilization of instructional media during their teaching practice. Their attitude change was also assessed by an Attitude Inventory. The results indicated that cooperative learning strategy had a positive effect on academic achievement and quantity measurement in the use of instructional media (F(l,91) = 7.06, p < 0.01; F(l,91) = 4.59, p < 0.05). Cooperative learning strategy also had a positive influence on students' attitudes towards instructional media and their learning condition (F(l,93) = 5.07, p < 0.05; F(l,93) = 6.20, p < 0.05). 相似文献
9.
Contextual differences in student motivation and self-regulated learning in mathematics,English, and social studies classrooms 总被引：8，自引：0，他引：8
Recent research on self-regulated learning has stressed the importance of both motivational and cognitive components of classroom learning. Much of this research has examined these components without consideration of potential contextual differences. Using a within-subject correlational design, the present study assessed mean level differences in students' task value, self-efficacy, test anxiety, cognitive strategy use, regulatory strategy use, and classroom academic performance by gender and across the subject areas of mathematics, social studies, and English. In addition, the relations among the motivational, strategy use, and performance measures were assessed using multivariate regressions. The participants were 545 seventh and eighth grade students (51% females) who responded to a self-report questionnaire. Results revealed mean level differences by subject area and gender in the motivation and cognitive strategy use variables, but not in regulatory strategy use or academic performance. In contrast, results indicated that the relations among these constructs was very similar across the three subject areas examined. Findings are discussed in terms of their importance for understanding the contextual nature of students' self-regulated learning. 相似文献
10.
利用Oxford(1990)编制的语言学习策略量表(SILL),对广西贺州市富川瑶族自治县两所中学的235名高二学生进行了问卷调查,分析了他们英语学习策略使用的总体情况,且对学习策略的使用是否与英语成绩存在相关关系及高分组与低分组学生、男生与女生在策略的使用上是否存在差异进行了研究。研究结果表明:(1)学生最经常使用的策略是补偿策略,使用频率最低的是记忆策略;(2)高分组学生在记忆、认知、元认知及情感策略的使用上显著高于低分组学生;女生在记忆、认知、元认知、情感及社交策略上的使用频率显著高于男生;(3)除补偿策略外,其余五项策略与英语学习成绩显著相关,元认知策略对英语成绩具有36%的预测力,对瑶族高中学生英语学习成绩影响最大。 相似文献
11.
Bettina Lamm Heidi Keller Johanna Teiser Helene Gudi Relindis D. Yovsi Claudia Freitag Sonja Poloczek Ina Fassbender Janina Suhrke Manuel Teubert Isabel Vöhringer Monika Knopf Gudrun Schwarzer Arnold Lohaus 《Child development》2018,89(3):e261-e277
The development of self‐regulation has been studied primarily in Western middle‐class contexts and has, therefore, neglected what is known about culturally varying self‐concepts and socialization strategies. The research reported here compared the self‐regulatory competencies of German middle‐class (N = 125) and rural Cameroonian Nso preschoolers (N = 76) using the Marshmallow test (Mischel, 2014). Study 1 revealed that 4‐year‐old Nso children showed better delay‐of‐gratification performance than their German peers. Study 2 revealed that culture‐specific maternal socialization goals and interaction behaviors were related to delay‐of‐gratification performance. Nso mothers’ focus on hierarchical relational socialization goals and responsive control seems to support children's delay‐of‐gratification performance more than German middle‐class mothers’ emphasis on psychological autonomous socialization goals and sensitive, child‐centered parenting. 相似文献
12.
多媒体和网络技术为大学英语教学提供了开放灵活的学习空间的同时,也对学生的自主学习能力提出了更高的要求。学习策略是影响自主学习效果的一个重要因素,本文以910名非英语专业的大学生为被试对象,采用T检验,ANOVA分析和相关分析测试研究了在多媒体环境下不同英语水平的大学生的英语学习策略运用水平以及所在的学校、专业和性别特点,并在此基础上对多媒体环境下教师如何帮助学生提高英语学习策略水平提出了具体建议。 相似文献
13.
试论大学生英语学习策略 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
李有贵 《成都教育学院学报》2006,20(1):87-88,103
影响大学生提高英语水平的因素有多种,诸如学生的健康状况、学习动机、学习策略、教师的业务水平、社会和集体的影响等等。在这些因素中,学习策略是重要的因素之一。英语学习策略早在上个世纪末就为学术界所关注。学生提高学习策略能力,有益于更好地提高英语水平。 相似文献
14.
Using Vermunt's model [Vermunt, J. D. (1998). The regulation of constructive learning processes. British Journal of Educational psychology, 68, 149–171] of self-regulated learning as a conceptual framework, this study aims to contribute to the development of finer grained models of higher education students' learning by (1) investigating causal relationships between three student cognitions which feature prominently in the research literature: self-efficacy, conceptions of learning and attributions for academic success and by (2) researching both the direct and indirect effects of these student cognitions on first year university students' study strategies. To that end a model was developed, respecified, tested, and cross validated using path analyses. Results show that within an educational context learning conceptions are fundamental student cognitions since they directly and/or indirectly influence students' self-efficacy, attributions for academic success, and study strategy. 相似文献
15.
幸银盈 《乐山师范学院学报》2013,28(3):136-140
为研究情绪调节策略对情绪类型与延迟满足关系影响,采用两种不同情绪类型的视频短片启动大学生产生相应的情绪(积极情绪或消极情绪),比较两种条件下使用认知重评策略与表达抑制策略对紧随其后的延迟满足任务成绩的影响。实验结果表明:积极情绪状态下,认知重评与表达抑制组延迟满足得分差异不显著;消极情绪状态下,认知重评组延迟满足任务得分显著高于表达抑制组。结论:认知重评策略能够有效地改善消极情绪对延迟满足表现的负面影响。 相似文献
16.
词汇习得是第二语言习得的中心任务。词汇学习需要策略,本文调查研究了如下几个问题：学生使用的基本词汇学习策略及最受欢迎的词汇学习策略;词汇学习策略的使用和词汇量的关系;不同的词汇学习策略使用和学生的英语能力的关系,哪些策略更有效;好学生和差学生的词汇策略使用有何不同。 相似文献
17.
《Mind, Brain, and Education》2017,11(1):21-31
The current study specified the extent to which hot and cool aspects of executive functioning predicted academic and social‐emotional indicators of school readiness. It was unique in focusing on positive aspects of social–emotional readiness, rather than problem behaviors. One hundred four 3–5‐year‐old children completed tasks measuring executive functioning, social–emotional readiness, academic readiness, and vocabulary. As expected, age predicted executive functioning components and social–emotional readiness. Moreover, working memory and inhibitory control directly predicted academic readiness, whereas delay of gratification predicted social–emotional readiness. Working memory and inhibitory control predicted delay of gratification, consistent with the notion that simpler executive functions may set the stage for more complex executive functions. Interestingly, social–emotional readiness predicted academic readiness. These findings confirm that hot and cool aspects of executive functioning are related to social–emotional and academic school readiness. 相似文献
18.
外语学习策略的使用是影响外语学习成败的一个关键因素。本调查从学习策略、管理方法、环境因素和学习者的后天因素四个方面着手,全方位了解学生的学习背景和语言习得过程。调查结果表明外语学习成效与有效使用学习策略有显著相关性。使用不同的学习策略会产生不同的学习效果。科学正确的学习观念和策略会促进学生进行成功的语言学习。提高大学生英语学习效率应从改革教学模式、开展自主学习策略培训和整合教学资源等方面着手。 相似文献
19.
Jared A. Lisonbee Patricia Pendry Jacquelyn Mize Eugenia Parrett Gwynn 《Mind, Brain, and Education》2010,4(4):171-181
Self-regulation ability is an important component of children's academic success. Physiological reactivity may relate to brain activity governing attention and behavioral regulation. Saliva samples collected from 186 preschool children (101 boys, mean age = 53 months, 34% minority) before and after a series of mildly challenging games and again 30 min following the challenges were used to assess hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal (HPA) (cortisol) and sympathetic nervous system (SNS; alpha-amylase) activity. Behavioral regulation was measured in delay of gratification and slow-down motor activities included in the challenge task. Cortisol and alpha-amylase were related differentially to aspects of behavioral regulation. Low cortisol was related to classroom regulation difficulties. Children with greater cortisol elevations following the challenge task had poorer performance on the slow-down motor task. Children with greater increases in salivary alpha-amylase following challenge were less able to delay gratification. Results suggest that HPA axis and SNS arousal may contribute differentially to behavioral regulation ability. 相似文献
20.
Danya M. Corkin Shirley L. Yu Suzanne F. Lindt 《Learning and individual differences》2011,21(5):602-606
Researchers have proposed that the act of postponing academic work may be divided into a traditional definition of procrastination, viewed as maladaptive, and adaptive forms of delay. Adaptive forms of delay may be more consistent with certain facets of self-regulated learning. The current study investigated this issue by examining whether the relations between aspects of self-regulated learning and active delay may be distinct from the relations these aspects of self-regulated learning have with procrastination. Among 206 undergraduates, procrastination was positively predicted by mastery-avoidance goals and negatively by metacognitive strategy usage, whereas active delay was negatively predicted by avoidance goals and positively by self-efficacy. Furthermore, students who reported higher levels of active delay also received better grades. These findings provide support that active delay is a distinct form of delay from procrastination that may be more positive due to its associations with some adaptive self-regulatory processes and academic achievement. 相似文献