共查询到20条相似文献，搜索用时 218 毫秒
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蜂王浆对大鼠力竭运动能力的影响 总被引：11，自引：0，他引：11
探讨服用蜂王浆的大鼠，作力竭运动时，减轻和防止自由基对机体组织的损伤和抗疲劳作用。灌喂蜂王浆的大鼠为试验组与对照组比较，测试二组在力竭运动时体重、运动能力、线粒体丙二醛(MDA)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、血浆pH值、血乳酸、血清总钙ATP的合成能力以及肝、肌糖原的变化。研究表明实验组的体重明显增加，运动能力显提高，MDA降低明显，SOD活性显增高，ATP和pH值相应提高，血乳酸和血清总钙较低，肝、肌糖原明显增多。蜂王浆作为一种有效的体能恢复剂有广泛的应用前景。 相似文献
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递增负荷训练和力竭运动对大鼠血液生物化学的影响 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
30只雄性Wistar大鼠按体重随机分为安静组、运动组、训练运动组。后两组进行跑台运动至力竭后即刻取血测定血糖和血乳酸以及血清MKA、LDH、GOT和CK。结果表明：(1)与运动组相比较，训练运动组力竭运动时间有延长趋势，说明训练能提高大鼠运动能力。(2)与安静组相比较运动组力竭运动后血糖显著降低，血清LD、MDA、CK、COT和LDH都显著升高，揭示大鼠长时问运动由于中枢疲劳和外周疲劳而导致力竭。(3)与运动组相比较，训练运动组血糖降低和血乳酸升高的程度显著减小，训练运动组血清MKN、CK、COT、LDH升高的程度有减小的趋势。本研究结果显示，训练能提高机体运动能力，主要是通过抵抗机体中枢疲劳的产生而实现的。 相似文献
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目的:观察参灵糖浆对小鼠机体运动性疲劳的影响。方法:采用小鼠运动耐力实验、耐寒实验、耐缺氧实验,观察参灵糖浆对小鼠应激能力的影响;并建立疲劳模型,测定血乳酸及尿素氮含量,观察参灵糖浆对小鼠的抗疲劳作用。结果:参灵糖浆能明显提高小鼠的运动耐力、耐寒及耐缺氧能力,降低定量负荷后血乳酸及尿素氮水平。结论:参灵糖浆对小鼠有抗疲劳作用。 相似文献
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关于短跑运动员服用甲壳素提高运动能力的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
观察了短跑运动员服用甲壳素(Chitin)前后,机体在激烈运动后血乳酸浓度的变化。实验表明:通过服用甲壳素短跑运动员在运动过程中血乳酸浓度有显著的降低、运动成绩有所提高,短跑运动员服用甲壳素后能提高运动能力。 相似文献
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目的探讨递增负荷运动至力竭后补充镇江香醋对消除疲劳及相关生化指标变化的影响.方法研究对象为18名日本国士馆大学体育学院在校优秀的男田径运动员,在不同时间(相隔1周)进行两次递增负荷运动,到力竭后即刻,分别补充蒸馏水和镇江香醋溶液,对两次实验进行自身对照.运动后补充蒸馏水为C组,运动后补镇江香醋稀释溶液为V组.并且测试运动员血乳酸、血氨浓度、血气等指标的变化情况.结果V组与C组在消除血乳酸速率、血液pH值和HCO3-浓度等指标上有显著差异(P＜0.05),清除血氨浓度的变化也存在显著差异(P＜0.05).结论外源性补充镇江香醋溶液可以加快运动后血乳酸的消除速率,提高血液缓冲能力,缓解体内代谢性酸中毒的发生,从而促进运动性疲劳的恢复. 相似文献
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葡萄适(Lucozade)对跆拳道、柔道、摔跤项目运动员运动能力影响的研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
为了解运动后运动营养物质的补充对体能恢复和消除疲劳的作用 ,本研究对广东省 36名高水平跆拳道、柔道和摔跤项目的运动员赛前 3个月内 ,在模拟比赛训练后 30 m in补充 30 0m l英国产葡萄适 (L ucozade )并进行观察 ,结果发现 ,服用 L ucozade(实验组 )与服用安慰剂 (对照组 )比较 ,实验组的生理指标 (晨脉、运动时最高心率、恢复期心率、血压等 )、生化指标 (血红蛋白、运动后血乳酸和安静时血乳酸浓度 )、心血管系统机能 (台阶试验指数 )和运动心情都优于对照组 (P <0 .0 5或 P <0 .0 1) ,实验组疲劳消除和体力恢复得到改善 ,运动能力相对提高。 相似文献
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中国男排拦网能力不足析因 总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5
陈建杰 《山东体育学院学报》2006,22(2):82-84
通过文献法和比赛观察法,对中国男排在近几年世界大赛中的拦网状况进行分析,指出拦网理念滞后、目的不清,移动和起跳技术不符合拦网的总体效益要求,原地起跳和滞空能力差,以及对对手进攻过程的观察、判断和分析能力薄弱,是造成目前中国男排拦网能力不强的主要原因. 相似文献
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采用心理测量方法,对运动员在安静、中度疲劳、重度疲劳三种状态时的上肢多关节联动动觉准确性、腕关节敏感度、肤觉两点阈、肌肉用力感、投篮命中率5项指标进行测试,结果表明:四项感觉指标和投篮准确性在中度疲劳状态时较安静状态和重度疲劳状态有所提高;不同指标的变化差异不同,投篮准确性、肤觉两点阈、腕关节敏感度的变化达到显著或非常显著水平;而肌肉用力感和上肢多关节联动动觉准确性的变化差异未达到显著性水平;在三个不同疲劳状况下肤觉两点阈、腕关节敏感度与投篮准确性的变化相一致。 相似文献
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Brian Hanley 《Journal of sports sciences》2016,34(17):1675-1681
The aim of this study was to describe pacing profiles and packing behaviours of athletes in Olympic and World Championship marathons. Finishing and split times were collated for 673 men and 549 women across nine competitions. The mean speeds for each intermediate 5 km and end 2.2 km segments were calculated. Medallists of both sexes maintained even-paced running from 10 km onwards whereas slower finishers dropped off the lead pack at approximately half-distance. Athletes who ran with the same opponents throughout slowed the least in the second half (P < 0.001, men: ES ≥ 1.19; women: ES ≥ 1.06), whereas other strategies such as moving between packs or running alone were less successful. Overall, women slowed less (P < 0.001, ES = 0.44) and were more likely to run a negative split (P < 0.001), and their more conservative start meant fewer women dropped out (P < 0.001). This also meant that women medallists sped up in the final 2.2 km, which might have decided the medal positions. Marathon runners are advised to identify rivals with similar abilities and ambitions to run alongside provided they start conservatively. Coaches should note important sex-based differences in tactics adopted and design training programmes accordingly. 相似文献
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赛场噪声对运动时身体机能的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
翁锡全 《山东体育学院学报》2001,17(2):41-43,47
赛场噪声影响运动员运动效能这人问题一直深受人们的关注。分析赛场噪声的来源与特点，并着重从听觉、心血管、神经、内分泌系统和物质代谢等五个方面论述赛场噪声对运动时身体机能的影响，提示赛场噪声刺激可加速运动时疲劳的产生，影响运动能力的正常发挥。 相似文献
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通过对自行车运动员和普通健康者的血液流变的测试及分析得出：（１）自行车运动员的最大吸氧量与运动后血细胞压积呈负相关；（２）自行车运动员和普通受试者运动后血乳酸同运动前后的某些血液流变性指标呈正相关。表明：血液流变性与最大有氧能力、运动后乳酸之间有一定关系。 相似文献
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Brian Hanley 《Journal of sports sciences》2015,33(11):1189-1195
The aim of this study was to describe the pacing profiles and packing behaviour of athletes competing in the IAAF World Half Marathon Championships. Finishing and split times were collated for 491 men and 347 women across six championships. The mean speeds for each intermediate 5 km and end 1.1 km segments were calculated, and athletes grouped according to finishing time. The best men and women largely maintained their split speeds between 5 km and 15 km, whereas slower athletes had decreased speeds from 5 km onwards. Athletes were also classified by the type of packing behaviour in which they engaged. Those who ran in packs throughout the race had smaller decreases in pace than those who did not, or who managed to do so only to 5 km. While some athletes’ reduced speeds from 15 to 20 km might have been caused by fatigue, it was also possibly a tactic to aid a fast finish that was particularly beneficial to medallists. Those athletes who ran with the same competitors throughout sped up most during the finish. Athletes are advised to identify rivals likely to have similar abilities and ambitions and run with them as part of their pre-race strategy. 相似文献
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Matthew Springham Sean Williams Mark Waldron Anthony J. Strudwick Chris Mclellan Robert U. Newton 《Journal of sports sciences》2020,38(20):2279-2290
ABSTRACT This investigation examined the effect of prior workload on high-intensity football match performance. Player load variables were recorded using a global positioning system and converted into composite variables: rolling season accumulated load (AL), exponentially weighted moving average acute, chronic and acute:chronic workload ratio (A:C). Match-play high-intensity performance-per-minute: accelerations (ACC), sprints, high-speed running (HSR) and high metabolic load (HMLd) distances; and situational and contextual variables were recorded for all games. Partial least squares modelling, and backward stepwise selection determined the most parsimonious model for each performance variable. Quadratic relationships of small to moderate effect sizes were identified for sprint AL and sprint performance, HSR AL and HSR performance, acute HMLd and HMLd performance, acute sprint load and ACC performance and A:C sprint load and ACC performance. Match performance was typically greatest between the mean and +1SD. High chronic HMLd, and combined acceleration and deceleration (ACC+DEC) load exerted small beneficial effects on HMLd and HSR performance, whereas high acute load exerted trivial to moderate negative effects. High sprint A:C exerted a small beneficial effect on sprint performance and playing position exerted small effects on HSR and HMLd performance. Prior workload has trivial to moderate effects on high-intensity match performance in professional players. 相似文献
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《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(8):681-686
AbstractNo published research has assessed sleep patterns of elite rugby union players following match-play. The present study examined sleep patterns of professional rugby union players, prior and post-match-play, to assess the influence of competition. Twenty-eight male rugby union players (24.4?±?2.9 years, 103.9?±?12.2?kg) competed in one of four competitive home matches. Player's sleep behaviours were monitored continuously using an Actiwatch® from two days before the match, until three days post-match. Repeated measures of analysis of variance (ANOVA) showed significant differences across the time points measured for time to bed (F?=?26.425, η2 ?=?0.495, p < .001), get up time (F?=?21.175, η2?=?0.440, p?<?.001), time spent in bed (F?=?10.669, η2?=?0.283, p?<?.001), time asleep (F?=?8.752, η2?=?0.245, p?<?.001) and percentage of time moving (F?=?4.602, η2?=?0.146 p?<?.05). Most notable, post hocs revealed a significant increase for time in bed the night before the match (p?<?.01; 95% CI?=?0?:?10–1?:?28?h; 9.7?±?13.5%) compared with the reference night sleep. Furthermore, time asleep significantly decreased post-match (p?<?.05; 95% CI?=??0:03 to ?1:59?h; ?19.5?±?19.8%) compared to two nights pre-match. Across all time points, sleep latency and efficiency for most players were considered abnormal compared to that expected in normal populations. The results demonstrate that sleep that is deprived post-match may have detrimental effects on the recovery process. 相似文献
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以培养学生综合能力的教育理念为指导,构建“四段式”教学模式,在体育教育专业推铅球教学中进行实验研究。结果发现:采用“四段式”教学模式教学,有利于学生掌握基本理论知识和运动技术,有利于培养学生的学习能力、教学能力以及创新能力。 相似文献