共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 62 毫秒
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跨学科研究组织管理与运行机制的探析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
跨学科研究组织是进行学科交叉研究的重要机构,而良好的管理与运行机制是研究中心最重要的制度,是研究中心高效运行与创造成绩的重要保障.从战略目标、组织结构、评价机制、交流制度、激励制度和环境建设等六个方面对国内外跨学科研究中心的运行机制进行了总结和分析,特别强调其与传统的大学学科组织在运行机制上的区别,指出研究人员之间的交流与合作成为其运行机制的重点内容. 相似文献
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促进高校跨学科研究发展的治理机制 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
跨学科研究中心在现代大学的战略发展过程起到了重要作用,同时它们要与传统院系分享大学治理的权力,甚至会向大学校级要求更多的自主权力,这导致了大学治理的进一步碎片化。通过半结构式访谈和国别比较研究发现,对同时兼任院系教师和研究中心研究人员的科学家所完成的工作量在两个单位各自进行重复的全额计算,是一种激励院系支持教师从事跨学科研究和促成跨学科研究中心真正向科学家们开放的有效机制。而变革我国政府科研项目的资助模式则是促进高校跨学科研究健康发展的根本。 相似文献
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跨学科科研是大学发展前沿交叉学科和解决重大科技问题的重要组织形式,但在国内大学却遭遇体制困境。本文结合我国大学科研运行的实际,以及对美国两所一流大学及其跨学科研究机构的组织架构分析,提出以学科资源固化为特征的院系管理体制是造成跨学科科研举步维艰的最直接原因。基于这一逻辑,本文提出从弱化学科概念和加强学校统筹两个方面来促进跨学科科研的建议。 相似文献
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马晨华 《科学学与科学技术管理》2015,(1)
利用人才和学科的双重优势开展跨学科研究是大学服务国家创新驱动战略的有效途径。然而,要在以学科建制的大学体制下实现问题驱动的跨学科研究的可持续发展却并非易事,面临学科壁垒和僵化体制所带来的人员流动、评价考核与人才培养等核心制度缺失的困境。分析了跨学科内涵和我国大学跨学科研究面临的障碍及根源,并在剖析美国大学成功经验和典型案例的基础上,尝试为创新驱动环境下我国大学跨学科研究的发展提供一些对策建议。 相似文献
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本文简要分析了高校跨学科研究的动力和阻力,然后讨论国内外大学在开展跨学科研究时的若干组织策略,如设立学校层面的跨学科办公室、采取矩阵式的组织结构、采取处延式发展策略。笔者建议,各方要允许"小"科学的存在,大学要努力创造促进学者交流的物质条件,以及优先发展跨学科的研究生教育项目。 相似文献
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跨学科组织是当今大学或研究机构中用以保障与促进跨学科研究的重要机构.但大量跨学科研究中心的运行并不顺畅,面临体制壁垒组织平台缺乏、考核评价机制不合理、经费投入机制不科学等众多问题.究其原因,是对跨学科组织的定义还不清晰,对其科学内涵没有正确把握.在描述了跨学科组织的发展历史和国内外对其概念的研究基础上,提出了跨学科组织的概念与特点,并从概念出发,对跨学科组织发展的历史阶段进行了划分. 相似文献
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基于跨学科研究是科研生产力发展的重要情境,探讨了国家层面的支持、跨学科研究管理体制、运行机制、评价机制、跨学科组织及其与产业界的联系对提升研究型大学跨学科科研生产力的影响及作用机制,通过203份问卷样本的回归分析,对研究假设进行检验。结果表明,国家层面的支持未显著影响研究型大学跨学科科研生产力的提升,健全的跨学科研究管理体制、运行机制、评价机制、合理的跨学科组织及其与产业界的联系对研究型大学跨学科科研生产力提升有着显著、非常显著或极显著的正向影响;跨学科研究评价机制对研究型大学跨学科科研生产力提升的影响作用最大,次之是跨学科研究管理体制、运行机制、跨学科组织与产业界的联系,而跨学科组织对研究型大学跨学科科研生产力提升的影响作用最小。 相似文献
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加州大学跨学科研究机构及对我们的启示 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
在美国加州政府的支持下,加州大学各分校专门设立了为交叉学科研究提供基础设施和条件的跨学科研究机构,其英文全称为Organized Research Unit（以下简称ORU）,加州大学为ORU制定了相应的申请、管理和评估制度,并提供运行费用。以保证其发挥应有的作用。ORU与传统的院系在科研工作中的作用互补,在加州大学9个分校的科研、教学和社会服务中发挥了重要的作用,加州大学ORU的模式对我国研究型大学如何组织跨学科的研究具有一定的借鉴作用。 相似文献
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《Information processing & management》2016,52(6):1074-1085
Literature shows interdisciplinary research as an essential driver for innovation. Ideas that are used as a starting point for this research are of an interdisciplinary nature because they combine aspects from different disciplines. The identification of interdisciplinary ideas at an early stage enables the start of interdisciplinary research and thus, it enables advances to be made in the innovation process. We propose a new methodology that combines semantic clustering and classification to estimate the interdisciplinary nature of ideas from a set of given ideas. The set is created automatically by use of an existing idea mining approach. Ideas from this set are semantically clustered to obtain concepts that are latent in the data. The relationship between each concept and each discipline pair from a set of given disciplines is calculated. Based on the degree of relationship, concepts are used to represent the interdisciplinary field spanned by the two disciplines. The ideas standing behind these concepts are identified as interdisciplinary ideas. As a result, the proposed methodology enables an estimation of the interdisciplinary nature of given ideas. The results might be helpful for researchers as well as for decision makers in the field of innovation management. 相似文献
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Interdisciplinary research can be defined by the presence of substantive, internalized linkages among component analyses. Three levels of integration of component analyses are defined. The weakest is associated with multidisciplinary research in which components stand on their own. Integration here involves editorial organization, consistent terminology, and concordant concepts. The strongest level involves a shared, over-arching theoretical framework which welds components into a unit. Most interdisciplinary research can realistically aspire only to an intermediate level of integration wherein disciplinary components serve as substantive inputs to each other.Attainment of well-integrated interdisciplinary research is a complex task. This study identifies four frameworks useful in integration based on a probe of 24 technology assessments. Common group learning generates a common intellectual property belonging to the research group. It yields well-integrated research, but often at the cost of a loss of depth of analysis. Formal modeling can structure interrelationships, and, thereby, serve as an integrating framework. Modeling is most applicable to well-specified problems, but it can contribute, in conjunction with other frameworks, to broader, policy-oriented studies as well. Negotiation among experts takes place at the common boundaries between component analyses as these substantively affect each other's findings. It preserves the full depth of expertise and can be used in broad-ranging studies. Integration by the project leader establishes one person as the sole repository of composite knowledge, obtained through one-to-one interactions with assorted experts. It is not well-suited to interdisciplinary research, except in small-scale studies. 相似文献
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M. Mehdi Salek Vicente Fernandez Glen D'souza Josep Puigmartí-Luis Roman Stocker Eleonora Secchi 《Biomicrofluidics》2021,15(1)
Microfluidics is a relatively novel interdisciplinary research area with broad applications in chemistry, physics, material science, and biology. Despite the rapid growth of the field, students'' exposure to microfluidic technologies is still limited and often insufficient to appreciate the advantages over other commonly used technologies. To this end, we designed a five-day course, “Microfluidics for microbial ecology,” in which students with very different backgrounds learn the basics of microfluidic technologies and sample a range of applications in microbial ecology. The course was created for Master and Ph.D. students interested in applying microfluidics to their research and, therefore, followed an application-oriented approach. The presentation of critical aspects of fluid flow phenomena at the microscale and an outline of the advantages and constraints of the technology provide students with the background to design and perform microfluidics-based experiments. In order to improve the effectiveness of learning in a class with diverse interests and backgrounds, two active learning exercises were implemented. The first comprised the design of an individualized microfluidics experiment in parallel with the lectures: students were guided to apply each module to their personalized application and discuss it in groups. The second was a group experimental activity, in which students jointly set up, performed, analyzed, and presented a microfluidics-based experiment. Given the multidisciplinary teaching context, the course was able to foster common conceptual ground and promote discussion among students. This application-oriented approach built upon experimental activities and in-class discussion is well suited to promote learning in a technology-related subject such as microfluidics. 相似文献
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There is a lack of understanding regarding the optimal conditions for interdisciplinary research. This study investigates what characteristics of researchers are associated with disciplinary and interdisciplinary research collaborations and what collaborations are most rewarding in different scientific disciplines. Our results confirm that female scientists are more engaged in interdisciplinary research collaborations. Further, a scientist's years of research experience are positively related with both types of collaboration. Work experience in firms or governmental organizations increases the propensity of interdisciplinary collaborations, but decreases that of disciplinary collaborations. Disciplinary collaborations occur more frequent in basic disciplines; interdisciplinary collaborations more in strategic disciplines. We also found that in both types of disciplines, disciplinary collaborations contribute more to career development than interdisciplinary collaborations. We conclude with three recommendations for science and innovation policy, while emphasising the need to distinguish between different scientific disciplines. 相似文献
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For at least a decade, U.S. funding agencies and university campuses have promoted the expansion of interdisciplinary research. At the same time, federal and local programs have sought to increase the participation of women and minorities in science, mathematics, and engineering. Research has focused on each of these trends independently, but very few studies have considered their interaction by asking how intellectual preferences for and professional consequences of interdisciplinary science might be influenced by gender, race, and/or ethnicity. Focused specifically on gender, this paper considers the expectation that women will be more drawn to interdisciplinary research, and explores the learning styles, work preferences, and career behaviors that might anticipate and/or explicate gender differences in interdisciplinary science. Principal mechanisms by which researchers engage in interdisciplinarity - cross-fertilization, team-collaboration, field-creation, and problem-orientation - are tested for evidence of gendering using preliminary empirical data from three studies. The results of this exploratory analysis offer clues about possible tendencies and raise questions about the potential costs and benefits for those who adopt them. 相似文献
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