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1.
自我意识情绪是指人们根据一定的价值标准评价自我或被他人评价时产生的情绪,主要有自豪、傲慢、内疚、羞耻、尴尬等形式。而自我意识情绪理解是指个体对自我意识情绪的认知。该文对自我意识情绪理解的相关理论和研究方法进行了回顾,从不同的研究角度对儿童自我意识情绪的研究现状进行了阐述,并对自我意识情绪理解与情绪调节的相互关系进行了探讨,且对未来自我意识情绪理解研究的开展进行了展望。 相似文献
2.
自我意识情绪是人们在社会交往中根据一定的价值标准评价自我或被他人评价时产生的情绪,也是个体根据道德自我认同标准,比较不同情境下的行为或行为倾向时产生的道德情绪。自我意识情绪以自我认知为基础,具有独特性。其中,内疚、羞耻、尴尬以及自豪和道德行 相似文献
3.
张捷 《兰州教育学院学报》2015,(1):147-148
尴尬作为一种自我意识情绪,同羞耻、内疚和自豪等一样是在自我意识出现以后产生的独立情绪。早期理论认为尴尬会破坏社交行为,近年来相反的观点成为主导,即尴尬情绪是适应性的表现,是一种亲社会信号的显示。本研究旨在考察不同程度的尴尬情绪体验是否对个体的亲社会倾向产生不同影响。 相似文献
4.
从情绪的种族进化、人类情绪的生理机制和基本情绪来说明情绪的生物性,并从人类特有的复合情绪和自我意识情绪以及文化基因的存在对情绪的社会性进行了阐述.经过进化,人类具有特殊的情绪生理机制,情绪社会性通过文化基因而运转,情绪图式整合了人类情绪的生物性和社会性.情绪是生物性和社会性因素的交织,是先天与后天影响结合的复合心理组织... 相似文献
5.
近年来研究表明,自我意识情绪影响个体在道德情境下进行道德推理的过程,移情作为内化的道德取向对道德行为选择和道德价值取向有显著的影响,适度体验羞耻、内疚和自豪的个体,道德推理和决策都倾向于亲社会。文章主要从以上几个方面揭示情绪在道德推理中的作用,旨在更加深入的理解道德推理的发展。 相似文献
6.
近年来研究表明,自我意识情绪影响个体在道德情境下进行道德推理的过程,移情作为内化的道德取向对道德行为选择和道德价值取向有显著的影响,适度体验羞耻、内疚和自豪的个体,道德推理和决策都倾向于亲社会。文章主要从以上几个方面揭示情绪在道德推理中的作用,旨在更加深入的理解道德推理的发展。 相似文献
7.
刘雯雯 《荆门职业技术学院学报》2011,(9):69-72
内疚和羞耻作为人类的负性自我道德情感体验,它们与个体的身心健康和社会化的发展有着密切的关系。文章通过对国内外关于内疚与羞耻的相关研究进行整理和分析,从内疚和羞耻的差异以及研究方法两个方面进行了总结和概括,进而找出以往研究存在的不足。 相似文献
8.
荣誉感和羞耻感是个体道德情感的两种重要形式,是保证个体道德心灵安宁和社会关系和谐的两个重要道德卫士。荣誉感是指主体对自己的业绩、贡献、品德与德性的社会价值的自我意识和体验。羞耻感常与内疚交替使用。霍夫曼把内疚看成是个体危害了别人的行为,或违反了道德准则而产生良心上的反省,对行为负有责任的一种负性体验。韦纳把羞耻描述为个体把消极的行为结果归因于自身能力不足时而产生的指向整个自我的痛苦体验。羞耻和内疚都是一种复合情绪,根据分化情绪理论,它们均包含害怕、厌恶、痛苦、恐惧、兴趣等成分。 相似文献
9.
本文介绍了自我动机(自我增强、自我验证和自我扩展)和自我意识情绪(内疚,羞耻,自豪,社会焦虑和尴尬)方面的理论和研究,他们对于人们的社会幸福感有保护的作用.自我增强,自我验证和自我扩展的动机部分源于人们的社会赞许和认同感,而自我意识情绪发生在真实或想象的他人对个体判断的事件中.因此,这些动机和情绪的功能不是用来维持自我状态的,而是为了促进人们社会交互作用和关系. 相似文献
10.
以108名3～6岁幼儿为研究对象,通过父亲教养投入问卷调查和道德情绪情境故事实验,考察父亲教养投入与幼儿道德情绪理解发展的关系.父亲教养投入水平由高到低依次是可及性、责任性和互动性,父亲教养投入水平在幼儿不同年龄、父亲学历与其主观收入方面存在显著差异;幼儿道德情绪理解年龄差异显著,5～6岁幼儿在自豪、尴尬情绪理解方面显著高于3～4岁幼儿,幼儿道德情绪理解在性别方面差异不显著;父亲教养投入中的规则教导、榜样示范与幼儿自豪情绪呈显著正相关,父亲教养投入在责任性、互动性和可及性方面上均与幼儿的内疚、尴尬、羞耻情绪理解呈显著正相关.回归分析发现,规则教导显著正向预测幼儿自豪情绪理解水平,规则教导和父职成长显著正向预测幼儿尴尬情绪理解水平;父亲发展规划显著正向预测幼儿内疚情绪理解水平,父亲教养支持显著正向预测幼儿羞耻情绪理解水平.积极的父亲教养投入有助于幼儿道德情绪的理解,为幼儿早期形成道德意识、养成良好道德行为奠定基础. 相似文献
11.
Shame, guilt, symptoms of depression, and reported history of psychological maltreatment 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the present study was to provide preliminary data extending earlier research on shame and guilt, examining their relationships both to symptoms of depression and to psychological maltreatment. Symptoms of depression were expected to correlate positively with shame, but not with guilt. Psychological maltreatment was also expected to correlate positively with shame. The relationship between psychological maltreatment and guilt was examined on an exploratory basis. METHOD: Two hundred and eighty participants from a public community college and a private university completed scales assessing shame, guilt, depression, and history of childhood psychological maltreatment. Pearson correlations were conducted with all data. RESULTS: Results indicated that symptoms of depression were positively correlated with both shame and guilt. Partial correlations were then conducted in which the linear effects of shame were removed from guilt. In this latter analysis, guilt was no longer positively correlated with symptoms of depression. Psychological maltreatment was also positively correlated with depression and with shame, but not with guilt. CONCLUSIONS: These results highlight the significance of psychological maltreatment in the relationship to the self-conscious emotions of guilt and shame. As in earlier studies, shame has been consistently correlated to poor psychological functioning, while guilt appears to be relatively unrelated to pathological functioning. 相似文献
12.
Children's conceptions of the self-conscious emotions guilt versus shame were investigated. In Study 1, 10–12-year-old children answered questions about scenarios that should elicit feelings of guilt and/or shame (moral transgressions and social blunders). In Study 2, 7–9- and 10–12-year-old children completed a sorting task to ascertain the features they associate with guilt and shame. Feelings of guilt were aroused by moral norm violations. Guilt feelings were also seen as involving an approach-avoidance conflict with respect to the victim, self-criticism, remorse, desire to make amends, and fear of punishment. Feelings of shame resulted from both moral transgressions and social blunders. Younger children associated shame with embarrassment, blushing, ridicule, and escape. Older children additionally characterized shame as feeling stupid, being incapable of doing things right, and not being able to look at others. 相似文献
13.
Hobson PR Chidambi G Lee A Meyer J 《Monographs of the Society for Research in Child Development》2006,71(2):vii-166
Developmental psychopathology holds promise for elucidating the structure of self-awareness. Here we studied social emotions in matched groups of children and adolescents with and without autism. Our aims were to determine whether there are potentially dissociable aspects of self-awareness, and to reconsider how the qualities of young children's engagement with other persons influences the development of their sense of self. Parent interviews yielded evidence that children with autism are limited in social-relational and emotional domains of self-awareness; for example, few were reported to show guilt, embarrassment, or shame. Yet according to parent report, most were affected by the moods of others, showed some degree of pity and concern, and manifested jealousy. When presented with videotaped scenes, participants with autism were similar to those without autism in identifying pride, guilt, and shame, and they were able to describe their own experiences of pride and, more rarely, guilt. In situations designed to elicit emotions, participants with autism were rated as showing pride, but they manifested lesser degrees and atypical qualities of guilt and coyness. Relatively few showed personal forms of self-consciousness when asked to pose for a photograph. We argue that in order for children to achieve depth in self-awareness, and to relate to themselves as occupying a distinctive stance within a framework of mutual self-other relatedness, they need to identify with the attitudes of other people. We interpret the present studies in terms of dissociations among three forms of social emotion: "person-centered" qualities of relational self-awareness that require identification and are specifically limited among children with autism, more diffuse modes of relational self-consciousness, and a third group of social emotions, epitomized by jealousy, situated in a separate developmental line. We propose a rebalancing of emotion theory that gives greater prominence to children's developing forms of interpersonal and intra-psychic relatedness. 相似文献
14.
《教育心理学家》2013,48(3):183-193
The study of achievement motivation has been focused on the prediction of performance, while neglecting the self- and other-directed emotions and personality inferences that are inherent in achievement settings. Attributional principles are used here to provide a research scaffold to study these neglected topics. Included within the paper are examinations of admiration, anger, arrogance, contempt, deceit, derogation, encouragement, envy, flattery, gratitude, guilt, hopelessness, modesty, pride, schadenfreude (joy in the failure of another), shame, and sympathy. These are some of the psychologically meaningful emotions and personality inferences that are in need of research attention in achievement contexts. 相似文献
15.
《Journal of moral education》2012,41(2):213-231
It has often been found in the literature that guilt motivates reparative behavior and that shame elicits aggressive reactions. However, recent research suggests that it is not the experience of shame, but rather the experience of humiliation that triggers aggressive reactions. The present study focuses on the role of shame, guilt and humiliation appraisals in predicting the motivation to repair and be aggressive in four different countries, namely Argentina, Belgium, Finland and Portugal. Using multi-group structural equation modeling with situational-level assessments of shame, guilt and humiliation appraisals, we found that guilt appraisals were indeed most likely to motivate reparation, although guilt also had a weak, but positive link to aggression via blaming others. Shame defined as negative self-evaluations had weak positive relations with both aggression and reparation. The experience of being humiliated clearly motivated aggression through blaming others and reduced reparation tendencies. These results were largely stable across the four cultural groups. The present study underlines the need to take humiliation into account when studying the links between guilt, shame and aggression. 相似文献
16.
17.
We report the results of two replication studies using attribution theory to analyze personal and interpersonal motivation
for collaborative projects. Undergraduate students responded to questionnaires containing hypothetical vignettes depicting
success or failure outcomes due to ability or effort for dyads working on a group project. Dependent measures included emotions
of shame, anger, pity, guilt, pride, and gratitude, as well as expectations for future success. Following the same procedures
as the original study, we used doubly multivariate analyses to test 21 theoretical predictions from attribution theory for
emotions and expectations for success. We replicated 17 of 21 results across all three studies and 20 of 21 results in the
two replication studies. Results are discussed within the context of attribution theory. 相似文献
18.
Intrapersonal and Interpersonal Theories of Motivation from an Attributional Perspective 总被引：22，自引：0，他引：22
Bernard Weiner 《Educational Psychology Review》2000,12(1):1-14
Two related attribution theories of motivation are examined. One, an intrapersonal theory, includes self-directed thoughts (particularly expectancy of success) and self-directed emotions (pride, guilt, and shame). The second is an interpersonal theory and includes beliefs about the responsibility of others and other-directed affects of anger and sympathy. These two theories are respectively guided by the disparate metaphors of the person as a scientist and the person as a judge. Some experimental evidence supporting the conceptions and the range of phenomena that they incorporate are examined. 相似文献
19.
In this study, the psychometric properties of the scenario‐based Achievement Guilt and Shame Scale (AGSS) were established. The AGSS and scales assessing interpersonal guilt and shame, high standards, overgeneralization, self‐criticism, self‐esteem, academic self‐concept, fear of failure, and tendency to respond in a socially desirable manner were completed by 322 undergraduate students. A confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a 12‐scenario model had an acceptable fit to the data, with guilt and shame items forming separate, weakly correlated subscales. Each of the guilt and shame subscales of the AGSS demonstrated good internal and test–retest reliability. Good construct validity was also evident, with each subscale uniquely correlating with constructs in ways that were consistent with predictions. Acceptable discriminant validity was also evident. These outcomes provide support for the utility of the AGSS in assessing guilt and shame reactions in achievement situations. 相似文献
20.
Klaas van Veen Peter Sleegers Piet-Hein van de Ven 《Teaching and Teacher Education》2005,21(8):917-934
This paper presents a cognitive social–psychological theoretical framework on emotions, derived from Richard Lazarus, to understand how teachers’ identity can be affected in a context of reforms. The emphasis of this approach is on the cognitive–affective processes of individual teachers, enabling us to gain a detailed understanding of what teachers have at stake or what their personal, moral, and social concerns are. To illustrate the usefulness of this approach, a case of a reform-enthusiast Dutch secondary school teacher of Dutch language and literature is presented. The analysis of his emotions of enthusiasm for the reforms, and his emotions of anxiety, anger, guilt, and shame related to the way the reforms unfold in his school and influence his work, show the many ways his identity and concerns are affected, resulting in a loss of reform enthusiasm. The paper ends with a reflection on the possible risks of current educational policies to the commitment and quality of the current and next generation of teachers. 相似文献