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1.
民办高校现已成为我国高等教育体系的重要组成部分,对民办高校进行财政资助是促进其发展的重要举措。基于历史制度主义的分析视角发现,自改革开放以来,我国民办高校财政资助制度历经初步形成、法制化建设、多样化发展以及差别化扶持四个阶段,其制度变迁深受宏观制度环境、民办高校发展受重视程度以及财政资助目标转变的影响,变迁过程中存在路径依赖现象,在整体上呈现出以诱致性变迁为主、强制性变迁为辅的变迁逻辑。后续民办高校财政资助制度的发展,将注重经费投入增加与支出结构优化相协调、充分体现财政杠杆的三重作用、平衡好财政资助的效率与公平。 相似文献
2.
Mary Ann Coughlin Joseph Hoey Marsha Hirano-Nakanishi 《Asia Pacific Education Review》2009,10(1):69-81
The intent of the authors in preparing this paper is to compare and contrast the roles of Institutional Research in informing
decision making and governance in higher education. Using a case study format the authors will provide an example of a research
project conducted within each of the following sectors of United States higher education system: private 4-year not for profit,
public major research institutions/private specialized institutions, and a pubic state university system. The first case study
from the private sector will feature a mixed methodology study that used data from the National Survey of Student Engagement
(NSSE) and student focus groups to explore student engagement at this institution and inform faculty development. The second
case study will compare the use of data for decision making from the standpoint of large public research institutions and
private specialized institutions. The third case study from a state university system focuses on recent initiatives in the
public sector
to inform the public, the institutions, the State, and the federal government using data from institutional research offices,
student engagement surveys, and student learning assessments shared through consortia and national associations. These examples
will be discussed within the structure of decision making and governance in higher education. 相似文献
3.
防范办学风险:政府和民办高校的责任 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
民办高校快速发展的背后存在着风险隐患,这既有其自身的原因,也有难以克服的外部原因。在防范和化解办学风险的过程中,应充分发挥政府和民办高校的作用。政府的职责是以公共治理为指针,进一步完善民办高等教育法规政策,加强对民办高校的宏观调控;民办高校的职责则是加强学校制度建设,提升办学品质。 相似文献
4.
Simon Marginson 《Higher Education Quarterly》2011,65(4):411-433
Policy debate about whether to maintain public subsidies for higher education has stimulated reconsideration of the public mission of higher education institutions, especially those that provide student places conferring private benefits. If the work of higher education institutions is defined simply as the aggregation of private interests, this evaporates the rationale for higher education institutions as distinctive social foundations with multiple public and private roles. The private benefits could be produced elsewhere. If that is all there is to higher education institutions, they could follow the Tudor monasteries into oblivion. But what is ‘public’ in higher education institutions? What could be ‘public’? What should be ‘public’? The paper reviews the main notions of ‘public’ (public goods in economics, public understood as collective good and Habermas' public sphere) noting the contested and politicised environment in which notions of ‘public’ must find purchase. A turn to global public goods offers the most promising strategy for re‐grounding the ‘public’ character of higher education. 相似文献
5.
澳大利亚政府对私立高等教育机构监管政策变迁的历史轨迹与公立高等教育占主导地位的国家有诸多相似之处，都经历过从“排斥”或者说“边缘化”到“被动接受”再到“标准化引领”的过程。该文从历史演进的视角慎思澳大利亚政府对私立高等教育监管政策变迁的动因与导向，进而总结澳大利亚政府监管政策的特点：通过间接管理方式控制私立高等教育机构逐利行为的度；通过诱致性制度强化公私立高等教育机构的竞争与合作；通过分类资助引导私立高等教育机构质量优先发展。 相似文献
6.
私立高等教育的公共性 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
本文重点分析了私立大学的公共控制问题和私立机构利用公共资源的问题。私立学院和大学将政府提供的资助转换为学费,取得空前的繁荣。不同私立大学在市场化机制下的行为方式是不同的,优秀私立大学带动了学费水平的不断提高。营利性大学是美国高等教育领域中发展最快的一部分。成功商业模式的复制和学生资助政策,是营利性大学快速发展的两个关键因素。私立大学的出现也带来了教育质量等一系列问题。新的政策走向似乎更有利于营利性大学,使之有可能获得更多的公共资源。 相似文献
7.
《民办学校分类登记实施细则》第7条规定，非营利性民办学校可以登记为事业单位。这不仅与《民法典》等上位立法发生冲突，存在操作障碍，而且背离事业单位改革趋势。产生该规定的根源在于未能科学认识我国非营利性民办学校的法人类型。对此，应回到基本法层面，对非营利性民办学校的法人类型予以体系化重释。一方面，坚持事业单位法人的国有属性，将其从民办学校法人类型体系中去除；另一方面，摈弃将非营利性民办学校统一定性为捐助法人的解释范式，承认社团型非营利性民办学校这一类型。同时，配套完善非营利性民办学校扶持及国有资产监督管理机制，从而形成社团型非营利性民办学校与财团型非营利性民办学校并存的“新二元体系”，从根本上解决非营利性民办学校的法人地位问题。 相似文献
8.
自1989年苏东剧变之后,转型国家高等教育实行双重市场化:公立高等教育机构市场化;私立高等教育开始建立。公私立高等教育机构在行为和精神气质方面越来越接近,不少转型国家在财政资助和质量保证方面对公私立高等教育机构也越来越一视同仁,以至于出现了公私莫辨现象,通常区分公私立的标准——所有权归属、资金来源、政府监管力度和机构使命——在转型国家高等教育面前失去了辨别效力。 相似文献
9.
The relationship between key state policy variables — (1) relative (private–public) tuition prices, (2) state student-aid funding, and (3) public institution density — and the competitive position of private colleges and universities is examined. Elite private schools are found to be nearly impervious to state policy. Large and moderately selective private institutions are adversely affected by public institution density and low public prices. Such prices divert students who would otherwise prefer these private institutions to similar public schools. State student aid funding most affects the enrollment market shares of the small, low-selectivity private colleges enrolling the greatest proportions of minority and modest-income students. The findings suggest state policies in this era of strong demand for higher education and constrained public sector capacity should use price signals (student aid and public institution pricing) to encourage students to consider seriously whether private higher education might serve their needs as well as or better than public institutions. 相似文献
10.
孙永新 《沈阳教育学院学报》2014,16(6):767-769
从民办高校与公办高校在办学体制和运营机制上的差异入手,对民办高校基层党建工作考核评价体系现状进行分析,提出了尝试构建基层党建工作考核评价体系的一些观点和看法. 相似文献
11.
由于各地经济、文化和公立高等教育发展的不平衡性和地区政策差异形成了我国民办高等教育的非均衡发展。当前,我国民办高等教育应充分发挥区域优势,建立有效的质量保障系统,实现民办高等教育成本的合理分担,优化外部环境,走集团化发展道路,并通过体制变革,建立现代大学制度,才能促进民办高等教育整体水平的提高和实现可持续发展。 相似文献
12.
13.
顾美玲 《四川师范大学学报(社会科学版)》2006,33(2):38-44
独立学院的前身是公立大学下设的民办二级学院,这是在公立高等教育的投入不足和民办高等教育发展艰辛的背景下,自下而上地探索出来的一种高教办学体制改革的新模式。独立学院则是教育部自上而下地对公立大学民办二级学院进行规范而出现的高校办学新模式,是新形势下,由于社会、市场和政府的共同作用而形成的高教办学体制改革中最引人注目的变革。独立学院的改革探索有两种发展前景:回归大学母体或成长为完全独立的民办大学。 相似文献
14.
Vladimir A. Geroimenko Grigori A. Kliucharev W. John Morgan 《European Journal of Education》2012,47(1):77-91
This article considers the potential role of private institutions in the development of Russian higher education. After decades of a government centralised higher education system, there is a clear trend towards the privatisation of education institutions and the diversification of education practices. Some commentators consider this to indicate that the Russian State is losing control of education; others welcome private initiatives, both in formal and informal education. Russian higher education has also been greatly challenged by the current demographic gap: the total number of secondary school graduates expected in 2012 is half that of 2006. This strengthens the competition for the enrolment of students in private and public (federal and municipal) institutions. Based on recent interviews with senior management at a number of provincial private universities, this article suggests possible avenues for private universities to extend into the education market and considers the implications. 相似文献
15.
纵观历史,南非私立高等教育一直处于主流高等教育之外,在边缘地带发展.20世纪90年代后,在有利的政策环境和经济利益驱动下,主要借助公私高校伙伴关系,南非私立高校获得了新的发展机遇,但南非政府随之加大了对私立高校的监管,政府的政策干预在南非国内引发了激烈的争论. 相似文献
16.
近年来,我国中小学在线教育平台发展迅猛,呈现出市场前景广阔、集群现象明显、运营模式多元的现状和特点。从公共监管视角,对其监管面临相关法律政策不完备的制度困境和多头审批存在监管漏洞的主体困境;从私人监管视角,其资本逐利性遮蔽了教育的公益性和平台机构主体权利义务超越了传统范畴。对此,结合中小学在线教育平台的特殊性,可采用公共监管与私人监管相结合的方式,以公共性原则和包容审慎原则为导向,建立健全相关法律制度,强化政府职能部门的协同监管作用,明确中小学在线教育平台机构的私人监管权力。 相似文献
17.
Carlo Salerno 《Higher Education》2004,48(1):101-130
A rich body of literature has emerged that seeks to shed further light on how concepts like globalization and internationalization shape higher education systems and their institutions. This paper examines how the rise of private higher education in various national contexts has engendered global patterns of public financial support for private institutions and particularly the various ways in which public funding is channeled to such providers. A cross-national typology of public/private higher education sectors and a system-level map of how public funding is directed to institutions are both used to explain why different patterns may emerge. This framework is then used to examine the policies and practices in four representative systems: England, Germany, New Zealand, and the state of Pennsylvania in the United States. The available evidence suggests that in systems with weak or newly emerging private sectors, unclear regulations and concerns about quality implies that public funding tends to be channeled into private institutions indirectly (e.g. through tax-abatements and student financial aid). In systems where private institutions play a more substantial role, public funding is channeled to privates using a mix of indirect and direct mechanisms. 相似文献
18.
高等教育当前应当着重抓什么 总被引：23，自引：1，他引：23
朱九思 《北京大学教育评论》2003,1(1):58-62
我国高等教育在进一步发展过程中需要特别关注三个问题 :首先 ,在公办高校继续发展的同时 ,必须发展民办高校 ,提高民办高校的办学水平。其次 ,无论是公办高校还是民办高校都需要提高质量。再次 ,在公办高校中 ,应当将精英教育与大众化教育区别对待 相似文献
19.
《Africa Education Review》2013,10(1):97-110
Abstract The aim of this paper was to review the contribution of private institutions to higher education in Africa and use Monash South Africa as a case study. A literature search was conducted to gain perspective on the current situation with respect to private higher education institutions in Africa and how they are perceived in relation to public higher education institutions. In comparison with public higher education institutions, private higher education institutions in Africa were successful in four areas: ? Widening access to higher education in the continent ? Improving the quality of education ? Improving student experience ? Increasing the recognition and marketability of their degrees However, private higher education institutions in Africa have failed in two areas: ? Reducing the costs of higher education in Africa ? Assisting with retention of skilled human capital in African countries. In fact, private higher education institutions in Africa, have exacerbated the two situations above. Monash South Africa was the first foreign university to be established in South Africa and one of over 100 private universities in the continent. As a campus of Monash University in Africa, it has seen a steady growth with over 3,500 students in the past 10 years of its existence. Like other private institutions, the campus was successful in the four areas above and also fails in the area of costs and assisting in retention of skilled staff in Africa. The campus has been successful in blending its private provider status with a public purpose mandate by offering degrees in social science, business and economics, information technology and health sciences. 相似文献
20.
Nkechi Onwuameze 《Open Learning》2017,32(2):137-146
The State Authorization Reciprocity Agreement initiative was launched in 2014 to provide a uniform standard for the regulation of distance education across states in the United States. The system established by the National Council for State Authorization Reciprocity Agreement (NC-SARA) allows willing post-secondary institutions to participate voluntarily through a member state where their home campus is located. Since implementation, several states and institutions in the approved states have joined the interstate agreement. About 36 states and 613 institutions in the United States are participating in the interstate agreement as of January 2016. This study analyzed the pattern of participation among various institution types (public, private for-profit and private not-for-profit) and finds that participation amongst states and institutions has continued to increase since implementation of the interstate agreement. With the flexibility that distance learning offers, increased participation in SARA may translate into greater opportunities for participation in higher education. 相似文献