共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 187 毫秒
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<正>有些人工维生素有致癌危险其实身体原本就有自愈的能力,很多疾病产生时,只要找出欠缺的物质,以维生素来补充,不用吃药,身体也会痊愈。维生素与药物一样,也有天然的与人工的之分。天然维生素即使摄取过量也不会有什么副作用,身体会自行排除。但是人工的维生素就比较麻烦,,譬如人工的维生素A跟维生素E吃多了 相似文献
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代谢综合征的发病已呈全球流行趋势,且发病率仍逐年增加。目前人们普遍接受的观点是代谢综合征是基因与环境相互作用的结果,但二者如何作用尚不清楚。饮食因素与肥胖和Ⅱ型糖尿病(T2D)发病密切相关。最近研究显示,全球肥胖和T2D的快速流行与滥用维生素强化及富含B族维生素的肉食摄入增加有关。加之现代人体力活动减少,经汗排泄多余维生素及毒物的途径明显受限。体内维生素过多引起物质和能量代谢紊乱。越来越多的证据显示,代谢综合征形成的主要因素之一是由于长期高维生素饮食和(或)经汗排出减少的综合结果。针对目前的高能量和高维生素饮食,降低维生素摄入和增加其排出可能是预防代谢综合征的关键措施。 相似文献
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非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）和非酒精性脂肪性肝炎（NASH）是常见的肝组织发生病理学改变的临床代谢综合征.目前,研究者普遍认为氧化应激反应的失衡是导致和加剧肝细胞脂肪化的重要原因.因此,抗氧化药物的使用是临床上治疗NAFLD和NASH的方法之一.维生素E作为一种在医学领域广泛应用的抗氧化剂,能有效清除自由基,阻断由氧化应激引起的细胞衰老,同时预防血液中脂肪氧化及沉积.因此,维生素E能否用于NAFLD和NASH的治疗受到越来越到学者的关注.本文整理近几年的临床试验结果,从单独补充维生素E和维生素E结合其它药物两方面对维生素E在NAFLD和NASH中的疗效进行概括,为探索维生素E应用于NAFLD和NASH临床治疗提供线索. 相似文献
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药物与食物（营养素）的相互作用是指食物（其中的营养素）可以引起药物作用的降低或药物毒性的增加。主要作用包括：食物影响药物的吸收，影响药物的作用，药物起效时间、作用强度受到影响；药物影响食物的吸收、生物利用度和代谢等。研究膳食中营养素与药物的相互作用，有助于临床上合理用药，对于执业药师和营养师来说，在OTC药物使用中，有助于帮助患者合理膳食。 相似文献
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除了食用菌的构造物质 :蛋白质、脂肪、碳水化合物等有机物质外 ,食用菌的代谢产物种类繁多 ,在其生长后期或在不正常的代谢条件下 ,还会合成和积累一些次生物质。如抗生素、麦角甾醇、维生素、甾体、多糖体、橡胶类等。其中有些可以用作制药工业、食品工业或发酵工业的原料 ,或制成抗生素、抗肿瘤药物、鲜味剂等物质。1 抗生素过去 ,抗生素的生产主要是放线菌类。现知很多食用菌都能产生抗生素 ,供开发利用的前途广阔。已知食用菌产生的抗生素有 60多种 ,它们能抑制多种革兰氏阳性细菌、革兰氏阴性细菌、分枝杆菌、噬菌体和丝状真菌等。例… 相似文献
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维生素Ｋ和维生素Ｃ缺乏都可引起出血 ,但它们在发生机制、临床表现等方面是有显著不同的 ,兹分述如下 :1 维生素Ｋ维生素Ｋ(又叫凝血维生素 )有天然的和人工合成的两类。天然存在的维生素Ｋ是溶脂性的 ,有Ｋ1(叶绿醌 )和Ｋ2 (甲萘醌 )两种 ,Ｋ1主要存在于植物中 ,Ｋ2是动物肠道内细菌合成的代谢产物 ,在肝脏中含量丰富 ;人工合成的有维生素Ｋ3 和Ｋ4 ,溶于水 ,可口服及注射。它们的生物化学作用是参与某些蛋白质合成后修饰的羧化反应。在人体内依赖维生素Ｋ的凝血因子除凝血因子Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ以外 ,蛋白Ｃ和蛋白Ｓ也参与了凝血的调控 ,也… 相似文献
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维生系Ｅ又叫生育酚 (Ｔｏｃｏｐｈｅｒｏｌｓ) ,是一类天然强抗氧化剂 ,广泛存在于高等动植物体内 ,是目前唯一以工业规模大量生产的天然抗氧化剂。1、维生素Ｅ的结构和性质1.1 维生素Ｅ的结构维生素Ｅ是一类同系物的总称 ,是苯并二氢吡喃的衍生物。结构简式为 :Ｒ3Ｒ2ＨＯＲ1Ｏ维生素Ｅ根据侧链的情况可分为两类。侧链中无双键的为生育酚 ;有三个不饱和双键的为三烯生育酚。其中α -三烯生育酚的活性最大。其分子结构简式为 :ＣＨ3Ｈ3 ＣＨＯＣＨ3Ｏ1.2 维生素Ｅ的性质维生素Ｅ的混合浓缩物为淡黄色或黄褐色无嗅的油状粘稠液体。密度为 … 相似文献
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Chun Pang Yu-chen Sheng Ping Jiang Hai Wei Li-li Ji 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2015,16(7):602-610
Chlorogenic acid (CGA), a polyphenolic compound, is abundant in fruits, dietary vegetables, and some medicinal herbs. This study investigated the prevention of CGA against acetaminophen (AP)-induced hepatotoxicity and its engaged mechanisms. CGA reversed the decreased cell viability induced by AP in L-02 cells in vitro. In addition, CGA reduced the AP-induced increased serum levels of alanine/aspartate aminotransferase (ALT/AST) in vivo. The effect of CGA on cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymatic (CYP2E1, CYP1A2, and CYP3A4) activities showed that CGA caused very little inhibition on CYP2E1 and CYP1A2 enzymatic activities, but not CYP3A4. The measurement of liver malondialdehyde (MDA), reactive oxygen species (ROS), and glutathione (GSH) levels showed that CGA prevented AP-induced liver oxidative stress injury. Further, CGA increased the AP-induced decreased mRNA expression of peroxiredoxin (Prx) 1, 2, 3, 5, 6, epoxide hydrolase (Ephx) 2, and polymerase (RNA) II (DNA directed) polypeptide K (Polr2k), and nuclear factor erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2). In summary, CGA ameliorates the AP-induced liver injury probably by slightly inhibiting CYP2E1 and CYP1A2 enzymatic properties. In addition, cellular important antioxidant signals such as Prx1, 2, 3, 5, 6, Ephx2, Polr2k, and Nrf2 also contributed to the protection of CGA against AP-induced oxidative stress injury. 相似文献
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研究薏仁对细胞色素P4501A1酶活性的影响,为探讨其代谢机制及药用作用提供依据。昆明种小鼠各40只,按18．2g／kg·d^-1灌胃给药,生理盐水对照给药,分别在3周、6周和9周后采用分光光度法测定小鼠肝微粒体CYPlAl的活性。结果是薏仁能降低CYPlAl酶活性,且呈时间依赖性,抑制率在6．35％-46．50％之间;并对CYPlAl酶活性的抑制不存在性别差异。结论是薏仁可明显降低CYPlAl酶活性,且无性别差异。 相似文献
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张松波 《岳阳职业技术学院学报》2006,21(3):51-52,57
药物代谢存在着性别差异，性别差异对药物代谢的影响及其机制，目前国内外均还没有完整系统的结论。性别差异主要在于性激素的不同，雌二醇是雌激素的主要活性成份，是雌激素替代疗法和口服避孕药中的必要成份，肝硬化及肝癌患者体内雌二醇的浓度高于正常，阐明雌二醇对肝细胞药物代谢相关基因的影响，可以解释性别差异导致药物代谢差别的原因，从而能提高妇女及肝病患者的用药安全性。 相似文献
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Hai-ping LU Martin EDWARDS Qi-zhao WANG Hai-jun ZHAO Hao-wei FU Jian-zhong HUANG Angharad GATEHOUSE Qing-yao SHU 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2015,16(2):113-122
目的:分析CYP81A6基因在苯达松及甲磺隆处理下的诱导表达模式,解释该基因与两种除草剂代谢相关的可能原因。创新点:从两种除草剂降解途径中产生的小分子物质的结构相似性出发,通过基因诱导表达的特点分析,解释CYP81A6和两种除草剂降解相关的原因。方法:通过实时定量聚合酶链反应(PCR)来分析基因表达的特点;利用CYP81A6启动子与GUS报告基因构建的载体来分析组织特异性表达;通过亚细胞定位来确定CYP81A6发挥功能的场所。结论:CYP81A6基因受苯达松及甲磺隆诱导,在不同的时间点开始上调,说明了甲磺隆的降解中间产物可以诱导这个基因的表达;CYP81A6是组成型表达,在根、茎、叶中均有表达;亚细胞定位结果证明CYP81A6是一个内质网上的蛋白。 相似文献
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The aim of this study was to further explore Special Educational Need Co-ordinators' (SENCos) knowledge of childhood acquired brain injury (ABI) and if they have received training on how to effectively support children and young people (CYP) with an ABI in school. SENCos from Nottinghamshire were asked to complete a survey face-to-face or online. Data reported by Howe and Ball (Support for Learning, 32, 1, 85–100), was also used to allow comparisons between different counties in the UK for knowledge of childhood ABI. Results indicated that SENCos from Nottinghamshire hold numerous uncertainties about childhood ABI, although less uncertainties than SENCos from the West Midlands. A majority SENCos from Nottinghamshire had not received training about childhood ABI. Additional challenges in supporting CYP with an ABI were also identified. The findings show a clear need for more training on childhood ABI across UK schools. It is also apparent that obtaining funding for CYP with an ABI can be a challenge for SENCos. However, further research is needed to determine what these barriers to funding are. 相似文献
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由于单核苷酸多态性(SNPs)在寻找致病基因，了解遗传多样性、环境与基因的相互作用方面有重大价值，SNPs研究已越来越多地引起了学术界和产业界的兴趣．CYP1A1编码的酶在烟草的主要几类前致癌物(如PAHs和芳香胺类物质)的代谢活化中有重要作用，其多态性与个体对环境相关的癌症的易感性密切相关．本研究采用PCR-RFLP技术在上海人群中，对CYP1Al的两个SNPs：CYP1A1 m1和m2进行了基因分型．结合其它已发表的数据，我们的研究表明，在中国人群的不同群体中，m1等位基因的频率分布比较一致，而m2等位基因的频率分布则存在着显著的不同． 相似文献
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This systematic review explores test anxiety in children and young people (CYP) with learning difficulties. Research has found that students with learning difficulties experience higher levels of anxiety about school compared to peers without learning difficulties. One area of school that has had little research is test anxiety, therefore further exploration is needed. Nine papers resulted from the systematic search. It was found that CYP with learning difficulties can experience test anxiety. There are a variety of internal and external factors which have an interactional relationship with test anxiety. A model was developed to illustrate these factors including characteristics of tests, perceptions of support, self-belief and cognition and learning skills. This can be used to explore potential reasons for test anxiety in CYP with learning difficulties and to provide subsequent support. 相似文献
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为了研究清暑益气中药对运动热应激大鼠骨骼肌谷胱甘肤抗氧化系统酶的影响,对96只SD大鼠随机分成安静组、训练组、安静服药组和运动服药组4组,5周后每组随机分为3个亚组,即:安静组、定量负荷组、力竭即刻组.并于相应时刻断头处死小鼠取股四头肌测定骨骼肌谷胱甘肤过氧化物酶(GSH-PX)、还原性谷胱甘肽(GSH)、谷胱甘肽转移酶(GST)和谷胱甘肽还原酶(GR)指标.结果发现:复方清暑益气中药及运动训练均能显著提高骨骼肌谷胱甘肽抗氧化酶的活性.表明:清暑益气中药和运动具有保护骨骼肌免受自由基损伤的功能. 相似文献
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Xiao-zhou Mou Jian Lin Jin-yang Chen Yi-fei Li Xiao-xing Wu Bing-yu Xiang Cai-yun Li Ju-ming Ma Charlie Xiang 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(11):961-972
Orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) is the only proven effective treatment for both end-stage and metabolic liver diseases. Hepatocyte transplantation is a promising alternative for OLT, but the lack of available donor livers has hampered its clinical application. Hepatocyte-like cells (HLCs) differentiated from many multi-potential stem cells can help repair damaged liver tissue. Yet almost suitable cells currently identified for human use are difficult to harvest and involve invasive procedures. Recently, a novel mesenchymal stem cell derived from human menstrual blood (MenSC) has been discovered and obtained easily and repeatedly. In this study, we examined whether the MenSCs are able to differentiate into functional HLCs in vitro. After three weeks of incubation in hepatogenic differentiation medium containing hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF-4), and oncostain M (OSM), cuboidal HLCs were observed, and cells also expressed hepatocyte-specific marker genes including albumin (ALB), α-fetoprotein (AFP), cytokeratin 18/19 (CK18/19), and cytochrome P450 1A1/3A4 (CYP1A1/3A4). Differentiated cells further demonstrated in vitro mature hepatocyte functions such as urea synthesis, glycogen storage, and indocyanine green (ICG) uptake. After intrasplenic transplantation into mice with 2/3 partial hepatectomy, the MenSC-derived HLCs were detected in recipient livers and expressed human ALB protein. We also showed that MenSC-derived HLC transplantation could restore the serum ALB level and significantly suppressed transaminase activity of liver injury animals. In conclusion, MenSCs may serve as an ideal, easily accessible source of material for tissue engineering and cell therapy of liver tissues. 相似文献