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1.
Andrew C. Sparkes Daniel Martos-Garcia Anthony J. Maher 《Sport, Education and Society》2019,24(4):338-348
Pupils with disabilities have been found to experience a narrower physical education curriculum and participate less frequently than pupils without disabilities. A lack of knowledge, skills, relevant experiences and confidence amongst physical education (PE) teachers has been said to contribute to these differential educational experiences. This article adds to the paucity of research that analyses the PE experiences of pupils with disabilities while, at the same time, evaluating embodied pedagogy as a tool for better preparing PE teachers for their role as inclusive educators. Specifically, the article aims to: (1) explore the PE experiences of a university student named Violeta who lives with the condition of Osteogenesis Imperfecta (OI); (2) analyse the views of a group of prospective teachers who participated in a PE lesson (Experience 1) which included Violeta; and (3) examine the perceptions of a group of prospective teachers who participated in a simulated attempt at embodied pedagogy (Experience 2). Data were gathered using field notes, observations and interviews with Violeta and the prospective teachers who participated in Experience 1 and Experience 2. The findings suggest that in both Experience 1 and 2, the prospective teachers developed a greater aware of OI and a more positive attitude towards inclusive PE. That said, the nature of the student learning experience and their ability to empathetically imagine themselves in, and through, the bodies of others that were different from themselves varied significantly in Experience 1 and 2. Such a contrast, especially in relation to notions of alterity, related to the presence or absence of the other as a corporeal entity involved in the lessons. Neither Experience 1 or 2 was found to be ‘better’ than the other, they simply provided different contexts, resources and opportunities for learning to take place. We discuss some implications of these differences for those wishing to engage in embodied forms of pedagogy as a way of helping prospective teachers to have the knowledge, skills and experience to develop a more inclusive culture in school PE. 相似文献
2.
This paper analyses two pedagogical case studies (PCS) from a multidisciplinary perspective to highlight the problems of theoretical knowledge in tertiary physical education teacher education (PETE) programmes, school-based physical education (PE) practice and continuous professional learning (CPL) in PE. We argue that a critical view of tertiary PETE and PE teacher educator CPL practice or practices is particularly important if PETE programmes want to develop future PE and current teacher practitioners who are transformative agents. In setting up the pedagogical case study accounts, we recall common conversations about the bodies of knowledge in tertiary PETE programmes that have been positioned as problematic. The accounts highlight the existence of an artificial divide between PE educators as theory generators and both pre-service PE teachers and school-based PE practitioners as theory appliers. We suggest that part of the reason why this divide exists can be attributed to a general misunderstanding of theoretical and practical knowledge that have been wrongly compartmentalised into ‘theory’ and ‘practice’, and hence erroneously taught as isolated entities without any connection or direct link with each other, or the former considered to be less relevant and perhaps even irrelevant in practice. 相似文献
3.
Background: Laws and legislation have prompted movement from special education towards inclusive education, whereby students with disabilities are included in mainstream physical education (PE) classes. It is widely acknowledged that including students with disabilities in PE presents significant challenges in relation to meeting the diverse needs of all students. Significantly, little is known about how teachers include junior primary students with a disability in PE.Aims: This paper aims to explore pedagogical practices for the inclusion of junior primary students with disabilities in PE as well as environmental accommodations teachers make. In order to address these aims, the research undertaking was guided by the question: ‘What pedagogies do teachers draw upon to include junior primary students with disabilities in PE’?Methods: This qualitative research undertaking incorporated a critical case study approach, which utilised semi-structured interviews and field observations as data collection tools. Three teachers of PE in primary schools located in Adelaide, South Australia, participated in the research undertaking. Given this small sample group we make no claims for generalisability, but seek to provide connections for others teaching in PE.Results: Findings are presented in three general themes of: Relationships for inclusion, Practices of Inclusion and Complexity and inclusion. Participants’ statements are used to illuminate discussions about discourses drawn on and to make links between previous research and theoretical perspectives. In general terms, findings revealed that despite barriers, such as catering for multiple forms of disabilities with minimal assistance from support staff and negotiating school environments, participants embraced inclusion and made pedagogical modifications to ensure meaningful involvement in PE lessons for all students. This research also identified the important role teachers play in terms of relationships, adaptations and safe learning environments, which collectively enable the inclusion of junior primary students with disabilities.Conclusion: Students with disabilities warrant specific recognition and access to educational resources including within the field of PE. 相似文献
4.
融合体育教育:“残健融合”的当代残疾人体育教育发展理念 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
由于残疾学生身、心的特殊性,对他们的体育教育在我国和世界大多数国家都被置入特殊学校进行。然而这种特殊体育教育的基础是"分隔"而不是"融合"。融合体育教育则为我国如何在保障体育教学质量的基础上,最大限度地促进残疾学生与健全学生交流,回归主流社会,促进残疾学生健全人格的发展,改变健全学生对残疾学生的态度提供了值得借鉴的经验。研究追溯了融合体育教育的发展,分析了其产生、发展的原因,探讨了在我国实施融合体育教育的价值。尽管融合体育教育在我国从理念到最终实施会遇到相当多的问题,是一个比较慢长的过程,但是随着人们对残疾人人本认知的不断进步,残疾人权益的保障制度不断完善,促进残健融合的融合体育教育必然会在我国得以发展。 相似文献
5.
Pre-service teachers of physical education (PE) bring understandings about gender and bodies to their university studies. These understandings are partially informed by biographies and experiences and bear potential to mediate learning and processes of becoming teachers. In this paper we explore technologies of power/knowledge and technologies of self that inform understandings of gender and the constitution of PE teacher subjectivities. Data were drawn from semi-structured interviews conducted with pre-service teachers studying at an Australian university. Foucault's theoretical perspectives around the constitution of subjects were drawn on to analyse data. Findings reveal that discursive practices frame particular ‘truths’ around gender and, hence, possibilities for being teachers of PE. Discourses of sport were significant in establishing a male norm for bodies and subjectivities. This was problematic for female participants who also turned to discourses of nurturing in constituting their subjectivities. Implications are raised for PE teacher educators with regard to disrupting hegemonic discourses as means for developing pedagogies for greater justice. 相似文献
6.
周孟祥 《山东体育学院学报》2007,23(4):116-118
通过资料法、调查法对山东省特殊人群的体育开展状况进行分析,对特殊类体育人才的社会需求进行研究,得出体育类特殊教育专业较大的社会需求和广阔就业前景的结论。同时,结合山东体育学院特殊教育专业的培养目标与课程设置提出合理化建议,为本专业的良性发展提供有效的理论依据。 相似文献
7.
通过借鉴部分高校体育信息化建设，立足本校传媒专业特点，结合本学校实际情况，对大众传媒技术在安徽师范大学的体育信息化建设中进行了理论研究分析。结果表明本校体育教师未充分有效的利用大众传媒技术来建设学校的体育信息，因此应当加强体育教育信息资源的建设和利用，充分利用学校的传媒专业技术和校园网以提高信息技术在体育教育教学应用中的实效性。 相似文献
8.
我国体育隐蔽课程体系的理论构建 总被引：49，自引：0，他引：49
主要通过文献资料研究法。揭示体育隐蔽课程是学校范围内，为实现教育目的和学校体育目标，以间接的、内隐的方式呈现的、经过规范设计的体育文化要素的总称的本质及其隐蔽性、多样性、易接受性、持久性、依附性和迟效性等特征。初步探讨了如何设计、实施、评价体育隐蔽课程，为进一步开设体育隐蔽课程提供了可资参考的理论依据。 相似文献
9.
This paper explores physical educators’ perspectives on race and racism as a first step towards disrupting whiteness and supporting the development of antiracist practice. With close links to sport, a practice centrally implicated in the creation and maintenance of racialised bodies and hierarchies, Physical Education (PE) offers an important context for a study of whiteness and racism in education. Using collective biography we examine physical educators’ narrative stories for what they reveal about the operation of whiteness and racism in PE. Teachers draw on narratives from curricula texts which uphold and reinforce notions of the racialised other, thereby reasserting normative, universal white knowledge. Their pedagogy is underpinned by a colour blind approach where race is ‘not seen’, yet essentialist and cultural discourses of race are nevertheless deployed to position particular racialised and gendered bodies as ‘problems’ in PE. Engagement with antiracism is limited to professional rhetoric within pedagogical practice. 相似文献
10.
In this article, the authors borrow from anti-oppressive education theory for its potential to disrupt how students visually conceive sporting bodies and to problematize the teaching and learning of these bodies within undergraduate physical education (PE) programs. Fourteen photo stories produced by students enrolled in PE programs at two universities were analysed using a semiotic approach to excavate the emergent themes of sporting bodies from the narratives. Relying on Kumashiro's anti-oppressive educational theoretical framework, the authors found that most of stories reified discursive practices that (re)produce gender oppression in sport. Despite these findings, the authors also discovered anti-oppressive pedagogies are useful for teaching against the body oppressions conveyed in the photo stories. How anti-oppressive education informs other areas of PE should be examined in the future. 相似文献
11.
Noortje van Amsterdam Annelies Knoppers Marian Jongmans 《Sport, Education and Society》2015,20(2):152-170
In this paper, we explore how physically disabled youth who participate in mainstream education discursively construct and position themselves in relation to dominant discourses about sport and physicality that mark their bodies as ‘abnormal’ and ‘deviant’. We employ a feminist poststructuralist perspective to analyze the narratives about sport, physical education (PE), the body and self of four physically disabled Dutch youngsters. Our results indicate that although dominant societal discourses about sport and physicality construct disabled bodies as deviant, vulnerable and lacking and the disabled as ‘abnormal’, these youth constructed the self as ‘normal’. However, they did so in different ways. One of the interviewees used the alternative discourse ‘everyone is different, everyone is normal’ to position her disabled self as different and normal simultaneously. Hereby she resisted dominant notions about the abled body embedded in discourses about sport and physicality. This act of resistance enabled her to accept her disability as part of her self. Others normalized their disabled bodies by attempting to pass as able-bodied. They tried to minimize and/or hide their disability and in this manner reproduced ableist discourses about sport and physicality. Our interviewees also engaged in various performative acts of resistance. They challenged these dominant discourses by strategically using the possibilities a different/disabled self provided them. Overall the data indicate the important role that visible signifiers of disability played in the exclusionary practices that these disabled youth encountered and the subject positions they could claim. Since alternative constructions and positionings regarding the abled/normal body suggest ways in which the dominance of ableism may be disrupted, we conclude with an emphasis on the need for future research that explores such alternatives. 相似文献
12.
Göran Gerdin 《Sport, Education and Society》2017,22(8):890-904
Despite clear messages from current physical education (PE) curricula about the importance of adopting socially critical perspectives, dominant discourses of gender relating to physical activity, bodies and health are being reproduced within this school subject. By drawing on interview data from a larger ethnographic account of boys’ PE, this paper aims to contribute to our understanding of boys’ experiences of gendered discourses in PE, particularly by acknowledging boys not only as docile or disciplined bodies but also as active subjects in negotiating power relations. In the analysis of the data, particular emphasis is placed on whether the boys recognise the influence of gendered discourses and power relations in PE, how they act upon this knowledge and how they understand themselves as gendered subjects through these particular discourses/power relations. Using Foucault's (1985. The use of pleasure: The history of sexuality, vol. 2. London: Penguin Books) framework related to the ‘modes of subjectivation’, this paper explores boys’ problematisation of dominant discourses of gender and power relations in PE. In summary, these boys perform gendered selves within the context of PE, via negotiation of gendered discourses and power relations that contribute to an alternative discourse of PE which creates spaces and opportunities for the production of more ethical and diverse masculinities. 相似文献
13.
大学体育课程体系的进展与思考 总被引：18，自引：1，他引：17
本文分析了新世纪体育课程体系的时数分配、课程设置、教材建设、教学组织与方法、体育考核5个方面，对己被普遍认可的现象提出质疑，旨在为真正建立“增强学生体质，提高体育能力，形成终身体育思想”的新的课程体系提供参考依据。 相似文献
14.
Wendy Barber 《Sport, Education and Society》2018,23(6):520-532
This paper identifies and explores emergent themes in inclusive PE in the specific context of pre-service teacher preparation programs. Fully inclusive PE encompasses four areas: knowledge and curricula related to ability and disability, teacher attitudes, pre-service teacher education and a reframing of our understandings of multiple perspectives on physical literacy. Fully accessible PE involves material and attitudinal conditions configured to render these programs actually usable by all those whose ‘inclusion’ is intended. Access is, indeed, conceptually implied in ‘inclusion’, however, in practice the latter can easily become more of a slogan naming an aspiration than a realizable state of affairs. Unless an organization or individual brings a universal commitment to access, attitudinal barriers may prevent full inclusion from becoming a reality. The paper uses qualitative case study methodology to examine pre-service teacher education students’ preconceptions about ‘dis’ability and analyses heuristically how pre-service teachers pre-conceived notions of ability and disability may be challenged through an intervention. 21C PE programs can move towards an emphasis on inclusive activities which are not based on traditional conceptions of physical competence, size, shape, appearance and ability, but instead focus on how all bodies can develop fundamental movement skills, functional fitness and physical literacy. The author challenges pre-service students to address issues of accessibility, normative notions of ability, body equity, social justice and inclusion, as well as the need for multiple definitions of physical literacy. The paper is a case study of the specific phenomenon of ‘broadening student teachers’ understandings of ability and disability in PE’ as a necessary condition for preparing students to work in schools where full inclusion may not have been integral to PE policies, programs and practices. 相似文献
15.
16.
Timothy Lynch 《Sport, Education and Society》2017,22(3):355-376
The purpose of this study is to explore what the role of a health and physical education (HPE) specialist teacher in the primary school entails. The new Australian Curriculum: HPE Framework requires schools and teachers to implement the HPE key learning area. Many self-perceived physical education (PE) teachers have voiced concern about not knowing how they go about this. This research investigates ‘How PE teachers best become HPE teachers?’ We are reminded by Kirk that this is not the first time teachers have implemented this very change in Australia. Many similarities can be drawn between the recent national Australian Curriculum: HPE and the 1994 HPE National Statement and Profile, which provided a foundation for the construction of the 1999 Queensland HPE (P-10) Syllabus. As recommended by Kirk this study ‘look[s] to the past for lessons about the present and where we might be heading in the future’, by investigating school responses to the 1999 Queensland HPE (P-10) syllabus and curriculum documents. Within the constructionist paradigm, an interpretivist study was conducted. The methodology chosen to construct meanings through capturing the context of each school was ‘evaluative’ and ‘multiple’ case study. The sites for the three case studies involved: one small; one medium; and one large-sized Brisbane Catholic Education primary school. The three case studies were selected as representative of different demographics and the methods engaged so as to enable precision of details were semi-structured interviews, reflective journal, observations and document analysis. Data gathered suggest that enacting the HPE key learning area is very achievable. Implementation is enhanced by HPE leadership, underpinned by clear communication. More so, barriers can be overcome through professional development and support. This study is significant nationally, and the findings may be of wider international interest. It models how school leaders can optimise the health opportunities within their context and models how PE teachers can become HPE teachers. 相似文献
17.
Prof. Dr. André Gogoll 《Sportwissenschaft》2010,40(1):31-38
At latest in the upper school, physical education (PE) offers opportunities to deal with games and sport not only in a motor but also in a cognitive manner. The present paper asks if and under what conditions an instructional design integrating theory and practice in PE promotes meaningful learning and knowledge construction. It brings out the less considered cognitive learning potential of upper school PE and advances hypotheses about their occurrence. The results of the empirical study show that pupils in upper school PE already use learning activities that promote meaningful learning. It also shows that meaningful learning activities are restricted to a self-regulated and intrinsic learning motivation. Intrinsic learning motivation itself is highly dependent on the pupils’ academic self-concept in PE. 相似文献
18.
在体育教学中,教学环境对我们的教学效果和目标起着重要作用。体育教学不同于其它科目的教学,如何创造一个良好的体育教学环境来促进我们的体育教学,文章就此问题对体育教学环境进行分析探讨,并提出一些促进体育教学的优化方案。 相似文献
19.
打造高素质专业化教师队伍是我国实现教育强国目标的基础保障和必然要求。在以培育学生体育核心素养为前提的体育教师职业核心素养研究是当前体育学界关注的热点领域之一。运用扎根理论，采用自下而上的理论建构方式，对CCTV体育频道《我是体育教师》栏目中义务教育阶段26位卓越体育教师受访视频的转录稿进行三阶段编码，构建卓越体育教师职业核心素养的内涵，包括职业精神、职业态度和专业修养3个方面。通过分析他们的职业成长路径发现，义务教育阶段卓越体育教师的核心素养形成机制为：教师原生形态是其核心素养的形成基础，教师入职后的职业发展认知是形成其核心素养的动力源泉，而教师所处的外部环境是促进其核心素养形成的催化剂。 相似文献
20.
近十年来我国学校体育科研论文状况分析 总被引：9，自引：1，他引：8
以中国期刊全文数据库检索系统(CNKI)为工具，对1994年以来我国学校体育主要研究领域的体育教学、体育课、体育师资、体育教材、体育评价、学校课外体育和中外学校体育比较研究等7个方面进行检索，对典型资料进行剖析。结果表明：体育教学论文数量最多，涉及面广，观点百花齐放；体育课研究的类型、结构、组织、评价与教学目标相对应；体育师资队伍建设论文向宽知识、强能力、高素质要求发展；体育评价论文向人性化、综合化转变；体育教材研究呈滞后状态；课外体育研究与社会体育接轨不够；中外学校体育比较研究显得薄弱。 相似文献