共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 171 毫秒
1.
海水对毕氏海蓬子(salicornia bigelovii Torr.)种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
研究了不同浓度海水对毕氏海蓬子种子萌发及幼苗生长的影响.结果表明:蒸馏水条件下种子萌发率最高;随着海水浓度的增加,幼苗中脯氨酸逐渐增加,可溶性蛋白先增后减;.O2-产生速率先减后逐渐增,浓度为25%时最小;MDA含量变化和.O2-产生速率变化相类似,总体变化不大,浓度为50%处达最小值;抗氧化酶活性都是随海水浓度的增加先升后降,浓度为50%时达最大值.实验表明一定浓度的海水可以促进海蓬子幼苗的生长,50%浓度左右的海水是海蓬子幼苗生长的最适浓度,而种子的萌发以无盐环境为最好. 相似文献
2.
解冬梅 《河北职业技术师范学院学报》2000,14(4):22-24
以对低温敏感的C4植物玉米的幼苗为材料,研究了低温对玉米幼苗光合功能的损伤。随低温处理时间的延长,玉米离体叶片光合速率迅速下降,叶绿体希尔反应活性下降,叶片电解质外渗率增加。5g／LCaCl2预处理可以减缓低温下叶片光合速率及叶绿体希尔反应的下降,对离体叶片电解质外渗率的增加也起到一定的抑制作用,但对叶片叶绿素的含量无明显影响。 相似文献
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对海蓬子总黄酮的提取工艺条件进行了优化,通过单因素试验考察乙醇浓度、料液比、提取时间、微波温度和微波功率对总黄酮得率的影响.在单因素试验的基础上,采用响应曲面法优化微波辅助提取海蓬子总黄酮的最佳工艺条件.结果表明,微波辅助提取海蓬子总黄酮的最佳工艺条件是：乙醇浓度60%（V/V）,料液比1∶40,微波时间9 min,微波温度60℃,微波功率500 W,此时海蓬子茎叶总黄酮得率达到6.06%,与模型预测值6.34%基本相同. 相似文献
4.
盐胁迫对旱稻/长芒稗、高粱及三属杂交后代幼苗的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
用不同浓度的NaCl模拟盐害处理旱稻/长芒稗杂交后代、高粱及三属杂交后代幼苗,实验结果表明,随NaCl浓度的增大,3种材料幼苗光合速率、蒸腾速率均呈下降趋势,但水分利用率提高,幼苗叶片丙二醛含量逐渐上升,脯氨酸含量上升,POD活性也呈上升趋势,SOD活性增大.相比之下,父本高粱有较强的抗盐能力,旱稻抗盐性弱,但三属杂交后代的表现优于母本旱稻/长芒稗. 相似文献
5.
Li-6400光合作用测定仪在水稻上的应用及常见问题分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
为了更好使用Li-6400系列的便携式光合作用测定仪,探讨测定过程中经常出现光合速率、胞间CO:浓度、蒸腾速率失真等问题.以在水稻中的应用为例,探讨了测定时间、测定过程中应注意的问题,光合特性异常原因及可以间接测定的几个光合参数.测定时机及环境条件控制非常重要.所测叶片环境条件,如温度、CO2浓度、光强、水分等影响光合速率.选样一定要有代表性,即选择要测的区域里具有代表性的植株,如叶色、叶子的状态、叶子的伸展与蜷缩、有无病虫害和叶的宽窄等都会直接或间接影响植物光合速率.短时间内对叶片进行离体测定和拔株测定是不科学的,测定过程中,一般同一处理、同一块地测3片或5片叶. 相似文献
6.
张边江 《南京晓庄学院学报》2014,(6):54-56
为了研究缺铁对粳稻光合特性的影响,以武育粳、9516、Kitaake、镇稻8号为实验材料,缺铁后,测定水稻幼苗的叶绿素,根冠比及光合特性相关指标.结果表明,缺铁处理后水稻叶绿素,光合速率,蒸腾速率,气孔导度均比对照组低,根冠比和胞间CO2浓度高于对照,表明缺铁影响了粳稻的叶绿素合成,导致粳稻的光合速率降低,干物质积累变少,根冠比升高.铁是水稻生长的必需元素,本实验为水稻的铁素利用以及生产上的应用提供一定的科学依据. 相似文献
7.
盐胁迫对不同品种小黑麦光合特性和生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
分别用0,50,100,200,300 mmol/L NaC1溶液处理6个品种的小黑麦幼苗,15天后测定其净光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度、胞间CO2浓度,以及根长、苗高、鲜重.结果表明,50 mmol/L NaC1处理对小黑麦的光合速率和幼苗生长有轻微促进作用,随着NaC1浓度增大,幼苗表现为光合速率、蒸腾速率、气孔导度降低,胞问CO2浓度也呈现规律性变化,幼苗生长受到抑制.综合比较以上指标,在供试的6个小黑麦品种中,抗盐性强的品种有NTH1888和NSWH11,WOH939抗盐性中等,抗盐性弱的品种为黔中3号、劲松49、澳洲黑麦. 相似文献
8.
研究了外施浓度为0.01 mmol·L-1的亚精胺(Spd)对不同浓度镉(Cd2+)胁迫下荇菜(Nymphoides peltatum)叶片的叶绿体结构、叶绿素含量、可溶性蛋白含量、超氧阴离子(O-2)产生速率和丙二醛(MDA)含量,以及保护酶--超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)、过氧化物酶(POD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性的影响.结果表明,(1)Cd2+胁迫可使荇菜细胞的叶绿体结构遭到破坏,叶绿素含量减少.外施Spd则可有效地保护叶绿体结构,减少叶绿素的流失.(2)在单一Cd2+处理条件下,随着Cd2+浓度的升高,叶绿素含量呈现先升后降的趋势,可溶性蛋白含量则逐渐下降.外源Spd处理显著提高了二者的含量,并延缓了它们的下降速度.(3)在单一Cd2+处理条件下,SOD、POD和CAT活性分别在Cd2+浓度为1、1和2 mg·L-1时达到最高值,而后随着Cd2+浓度的增加其活性逐渐下降.外施Spd使它们的活性分别提高了5.8%、37.5%和3.3%,并降低了O-2产生速率和MDA的含量.上述结果表明,Spd增强了荇菜对Cd2+毒害的抗性,并在一定程度上缓解了Cd2+对荇菜的毒害. 相似文献
9.
研究了凤眼莲报系分泌物对栅列藻超微结构及光合放氧速率的影响。在培养栅列藻的玻璃缸中植入凤眼莲,六天后即可见叶绿体中类囊体片展发生肿胀甚至解体;线粒体嵴消失;细胞膜、核膜均受到不同程度的伤害。培养三十天时,可见原生质体收缩;叶绿体外包膜消失;细胞几乎成一空腔。随着培养时间的改变,栅列藻细胞的光合放氧的速率呈现持续下降的趋势。 相似文献
10.
何道文 《内江师范学院学报》2007,22(4):74-77
对经过航天诱变的凤仙花SP2代的10个实验组与没有经过航天诱变的6个对照组植株的光合特性进行了比较.测得了光合速率等12个指标,进行相关分析发现:实验组中光照强度和光合速率呈极显著正相关,胞间CO2浓度和光合速率呈极显著负相关.对照组中,光照强度和光合速率正相关,胞间CO2浓度和光合速率为负相关.还对实验组以及对照组植株的光合色素含量等生理指标进行了测定,结果实验组光合色素含量大增,特别是叶绿素a含量增加更显著,叶绿素a与叶绿素b的比值也增大,而其可溶性糖含量极大地减少.本实验结果表明:航天诱变能对凤仙花的光合特性和生理生化方面产生显著且可遗传影响,能显著提高其光合能力. 相似文献
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采用1/2浓度Hoagland营养液培育法中不同浓度(0.000、0.050、0.075、0.100和0.125 mol/L)的Na Cl溶液处理V2期苗期大豆,待大豆生长至V3期,分析不同浓度盐胁迫对大豆生长以及POD、SOD和CAT同工酶的影响。结果表明:Na Cl浓度越高,大豆生长受到的抑制越大,而POD、SOD和CAT的活性在Na Cl浓度在0.050 mol/L有一定的增加,但增加到0.075 mol/L后,酶的活性降低。在0.075和0.100mol/L的Na Cl浓度诱导出了新的POD同工酶谱带,而0.125 mol/L Na Cl使SOD同工酶的2条谱带消失。 相似文献
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14.
Copper accumulation and intracellular distribution in Elsholtzia splendens, a native Chinese Cu-tolerant and accumulating plant species, was investigated by transmission electron microscope (TEM) and gradient centrifugation techniques.Copper concentrations in roots, stems and leaves of E. splendens increased with increasing Cu levels in solution. After exposure to 500 μmol/L Cu for 8 d, about 1000 mg/kg Cu were accumulated in the stem and 250 mg/kg Cu in the leaf of E. splendens. At 50μmol/L Cu, no significant toxicity was observed in the chloroplast and mitochondrion within its leaf cells, but separation appeared at the cytoplasm and the cell wall within the root cells. At ＞250 μmol/L Cu, both root and leaf organelles in E. splendens were damaged heavily by excessive Cu in vivo. Copper subcellular localization in the plant leaf after 8 days' exposure to 500 μmol/L Cu using gradient centrifugation techniques was found to be decreased in the order: chloroplast＞cell wall＞soluble fraction＞other organelles. The plant root cell wall was found to be the site of highest Cu localization. Increase of Cu exposure time from 8 d to 16d, increased slightly Cu concentration in cell wall fraction in roots and leaves, while that in the chloroplast fraction decreased in leaves of the plants grown in both 0.25 μmol/L and 500 μmol/L Cu. TEM confirmed that much more Cu localized in cell walls of E. splendens roots and leaves, but also more Cu localized in E. splendens' chloroplast when the plant is exposed to Cu levels＞250μmol/L, as compared to those in the plant grown in 0.25 μmol/L Cu. Copper treatment at levels＞250 μmol/L caused pronounced damage in the leaf chloroplast and root organelles. Copper localization in cell walls and chloroplasts could mainly account for the high detoxification of Cu in E. splendens. 相似文献
15.
NaCl胁迫对水稻（Oryza sativa）种子萌发和幼苗生长的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用水培法,研究不同浓度（0、50、100、150、200、250、300、350、400、450、500mmol／L）的NaCl胁迫对水稻种子萌发,胚根、胚芽和幼苗生长的影响。结果表明：种子的发芽势、发芽率、都随着NaCl胁迫浓度的升高而降低,300mmol／L以上种子发芽率为0;胚根长,胚芽长也随着NaCl胁迫浓度的升高而降低,浓度大于100mmol／L时有显著（p〈0．05）影响。水稻幼苗的根长、株高、株鲜重、根干重以及茎干重也随NaCl胁迫浓度的升高呈逐渐降低的趋势,当浓度大于250mmol／L时影响尤为显著,大于300mmol／L时,植株严重失水,萎蔫,枯黄,死亡。研究结果说明NaCl胁迫对水稻种子的萌发和幼苗的生长有严重的抑制作用。 相似文献
16.
Rong-fang GUO Gao-feng YUAN Qiao-mei WANG 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2013,14(2):124-131
To understand the regulation mechanism of NaCl on glucosinolate metabolism in broccoli sprouts,the germination rate,fresh weight,contents of glucosinolates and sulforaphane,as well as myrosinase activity of broccoli sprouts germinated under 0,20,40,60,80,and 100 mmol/L of NaCl were investigated in our experiment.The results showed that glucoerucin,glucobrassicin,and 4-hydroxy glucobrassicin in 7-d-old broccoli sprouts were significantly enhanced and the activity of myrosinase was inhibited by 100 mmol/L of NaCl.However,the total glucosinolate content in 7-d-old broccoli sprouts was markedly decreased although the fresh weight was significantly increased after treatment with NaCl at relatively low concentrations(20,40,and 60 mmol/L).NaCl treatment at the concentration of 60 mmol/L for 5 d maintained higher biomass and comparatively higher content of glucosinolates in sprouts of broccoli with decreased myrosinase activity.A relatively high level of NaCl treatment(100 mmol/L) significantly increased the content of sulforaphane in 7-d-old broccoli sprouts compared with the control.These results indicate that broccoli sprouts grown under a suitable concentration of NaCl could be desirable for human nutrition. 相似文献
17.
Ikram-ul- Haq Asif Ali Khan Iqrar Ahmad Khan Muhammad Abubakkar Azmat 《Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B》2012,13(7):533-544
The okra germplasm was screened for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage and during plant ontogeny. Substantial variation existed in okra for salinity tolerance at the seedling stage. An 80 mmol/L NaCl concentration was suitable for discriminating tolerant and non-tolerant okra genotypes. The pooled ranking of the genotypes, based on individual rankings for each trait (root and shoot length, germination percentage, and relative Na+ and K+) in individual NaCl concentrations, was effective for selecting tolerant genotypes. Genotypes selected at the seedling stage maintained their tolerance to NaCl during plant ontogeny, suggesting that screening of the germplasm entries and advanced breeding materials for salt tolerance at the seedling stage is effective. Among 39 okra genotypes, five were identified as the most tolerant genotypes and showed potential for use in breeding programs that focus on the development of salt-tolerant, high-yield okra cultivars. 相似文献