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1.
This special issue was designed to promote an integration of mobile and psychological theories of learning by inviting empirical research that draws upon both theoretical approaches to guide investigation into learning involving mobile devices. Five empirical articles illustrated how mobile devices afford resources to learners and how new channels of data afford researchers new insight into learning processes. Authors of two invited commentaries note the challenges involved in researching mobile learning, which unfolds across multiple contexts and can involve novel tools, multiple learners, and instructors and experts. These authors propose a taxonomy that can organize research that investigates interactions amongst learners, instructors, experts, and tools across one or more physical contexts, as well as a research agenda that would empirically test and refine assumptions made by mobile learning theorists. In this commentary, the editorial team proposes that mobile and psychological theories may be improved through convergence. Theories of mobile learning can be advanced by adopting practices previously employed to refine psychological theories of learning, whereas conducting research using mobile devices (and the data they provide) can further refine psychological theories of learning. We illustrate these positions with examples, and consider how instruction must be designed and how learners must be prepared in order to benefit from learning using mobile technology. 相似文献
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Barry Macdonald 《Cambridge Journal of Education》1996,26(2):241-249
Political control has yielded a compulsory school curriculum of mindnumbing sterility, devoid of educational imagination or intelligence, and enforced by a crude technology. How did this come to be the outcome of a century of mass education, mass democracy, and social research? Where do educators and educational researchers go from here? 相似文献
3.
Christine Musselin 《Higher Education》2013,65(1):25-37
This paper primarily deals with the relationships between academics and their university in European countries. The aim of this paper is therefore not to produce new results but provide a synthesis of the main trends that can be identified from the literature and then suggest what can be borrowed from sociological theories to highlight the on-going evolutions. The first section of the paper reviews the main results to be drawn from previous research on this issue and focuses on the management of academic careers and the management of academic activities at the university level. The second section suggests alternative interpretative frameworks to be borrowed from sociological theory in order to complete the already existing research and develop new perspectives to explain and interpret these changes in the relationships between academics and their institutions. Four perspectives are successively explored particularly useful here: a sociology of work; a labor market perspective; an analysis in terms of careers and trajectories and finally considerations about the traditional tension between organizations and professions. 相似文献
4.
Kurt F. Geisinger 《教育实用测度》2019,32(3):193-197
ABSTRACTThis brief article introduces the topic of intelligence as highly appropriate for educational measurement professionals. It describes some of the uses of intelligence tests both historically and currently. It argues why knowledge of intelligence theory and intelligence testing is important for educational measurement professionals. The articles that follow in this special issue will provide readers with considerable information about the history of intelligence theory and testing, and especially of the Cattell-Horn-Carroll (CHC) model of testing and its implementation. The following articles will also provide a well-reasoned approach to the way science should work in evaluating tests and the models on which they are based. 相似文献
5.
This special issue is devoted to the outcomes of the 48th International Conference of Education, “Inclusive Education: The Way of the Future” (Geneva, 25–28 November 2008). In addition to presenting the conclusions and recommendations from the conference, this introduction tackles a wide range of questions in the field of inclusive education on which there are still controversy and debate. The issue draws together a selection of articles that analyze these open debates at a deeper level. Special emphasis is placed on several issues: Should inclusive education be a comprehensive approach or follow a policy of piecemeal social engineering? How can educational systems pursue equity and quality simultaneously? What is the role of government, and of decentralization and autonomy? What teaching methods are needed, and what changes in teacher education, development and motivation? Finally, what are the roles of communities, social attitudes, and behaviours? 相似文献
6.
V. K. Wadhawan 《Resonance》2007,12(7):61-78
Robots are a subset of “smart structures” — engineered constructs that can “think” and adapt to the environment. Robots can work even in environments not conducive to humans (e.g. areas with high levels of nuclear radiation). Intelligent robots will find a large range of applications in defence and nuclear industries, as also other scientific, technological, and commercial applications. Robotics is therefore a strategically important field of research. The question is: How smart or intelligent can the robots become? The answer is that perhaps there is no readily-conceivable upper limit. In fact, there is a strong section of opinion that, within the present century itself, robots will overtake humans in practically all aspects of mental and physical capability, and they will then evolve further at a rapid rate, with or without our help. Expert opinion is bound to be divided when we look too far into the future. Some scientists think that there is nothing much that we can do to control or prevent the inevitable and fast evolution of machine intelligence. 相似文献
7.
“十四五”规划中明确要瞄准人工智能、量子信息、集成电路等前沿领域,推动人工智能同各产业深度融合,并且提出要建设高质量的教育体系。近几年,人工智能已经逼近新一轮科技浪潮的巅峰,人工智能+教育融合程度也在急剧深化。但面对新冠肺炎疫情广泛深远的影响,国际环境日趋复杂多变,人工智能技术如何继续深度融入教育?运用复杂系统科学的理论审视社会、教育和技术系统,可以发现人工智能和教育融合面临社会-教育系统发展质量不充分、基础理论研究较薄弱和实践应用领域不均衡三大困境。通过呈现开放动态的系统结构,以系统科学理论为指导,采用技术路线图的基本框架,描绘出人工智能和教育深度融合的三维关键路径,即打破知识技能壁垒、构建智慧学习体系和培育学习型社会价值系统。 相似文献
8.
CHRISTOPHER DUBBS 《Journal of Philosophy of Education》2020,54(3):521-540
The philosophical branch of ethics is foundationally concerned with the question of right or wrong, benevolent or harmful, and ultimately what is proper conduct. The present inquiry addresses two related questions: (1) How have theories of ethics been applied to mathematics education research? and (2) What alternatives have not been considered? What might the implications be if these alternative formulations were considered? To answer the first question, I offer a review of the philosophy of mathematics education literature, considering those articles which discuss ethics and mathematics education together. The ethical perspectives adopted within the literature span normative and non-normative, modern and postmodern orientations towards ethics. To answer the second question, I explored philosophy literature to identify which philosophical perspectives of ethics have (not) been adopted by philosophers of mathematics education research. The structure of this paper parallels these two questions: the first part considers the philosophy of mathematics education research and how researchers have defined ethics while the second part discusses additional philosophical approaches to ethics and puts those approaches into conversation with those identified in part one. I conclude by intertwining these two strands into my central thesis: ethics per se is construed too narrowly in the philosophy of mathematics education literature and considering additional ethical perspectives from philosophy can be generative of new ideas. 相似文献
9.
Gordon Monday Bubou Ibebietei Temple Offor Abubakar Saddiq Bappa 《European Journal of Engineering Education》2017,42(3):323-335
Challenges of today's engineering education (EE) are emergent, necessitating calls for its reformation to empower future engineers function optimally as innovative leaders, in both local and international contexts. These challenges: keeping pace with technological dynamism; high attrition; and most importantly, quality teaching/learning require multifaceted approaches. But how can EE respond to the growing demand for relevant teaching? What can we do for engineering faculties to leverage on quality teaching? How do we embed quality teaching in EE? Scholarship of teaching and learning is advocated as one viable approach. It uses evidence-based teaching (EBT) strategies, and research-informed evidence to guide educational decisions regarding teaching and learning. We review the theories underpinning EBT, the scientific evidence on which it is based, and innovative instructional strategies that enhance active learning. Some of these issues have been discussed already, largely through developing countries lens. Nevertheless, linkages to equivalent global perspectives are presented here. 相似文献
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Hong Su 《Educational Measurement》2020,39(3):37-40
Owing to the break-out of the COVID-19 pandemic, students have to take more online learning than offline, and large-scale education assessment programs have to be suspended or postponed. How could education assessment adapt to large-scale online learning? How could the effect and safety of online assessment be improved? What role should formative assessment play in student admissions? How could different assessment results be linked? Reflections on and trends of the Chinese experiences are presented in this article. Based on cross-cultural comparison research, measures to be recommended are as follows: reviewing previous theories, improving existing methods continuously, and developing assessment techniques innovatively according to new application scenarios. 相似文献
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Jill Fitzgerald 《Annals of dyslexia》2013,63(1):80-95
To respond to the articles in the current issue, I begin with an amalgamated conception of a transactional universe of reciprocal reading and composing processes that includes cognitive and social processes. Next, I situate the four studies in the current issue according to their epistemological emphases in the transactional conception. Three focal epistemological questions are framed as a way of situating each study: (a) what knowledge or processes do researchers emphasize most in the universe of composing processes? (b) Where do the researchers think that knowledge or those processes reside(s)? (c) How does one get or create that knowledge or those processes? Next, beneficial contributions to the field from the four studies are highlighted, and finally, future research directions are suggested. 相似文献
14.
Andrew Gunn 《Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management》2017,39(1):20-30
Evaluation of academic research plays a significant role in government efforts to steer public universities. The scope of such evaluation is now being extended to include the ‘relevance’ or ‘impact’ of academic research outside the academy. We address how evaluation of non-academic research impact can promote more such impact without undermining academic freedom and research excellence. Five questions on evaluation design are considered: (1) What should be the object of measurement? (2) What should be the timeframe? (3) How should non-academic users of research inform evaluation processes? (4) How should controversial impacts be managed? (5) When in funding cycles should impact evaluation occur? We conclude that non-academic impact should be selectively promoted and evaluated. This is how greater gains from research might be best captured without imposing misguided and onerous reporting requirements on individuals and institutions. 相似文献
15.
A Complexity Approach Toward Mind–Brain–Education (MBE); Challenges and Opportunities in Educational Intervention and Research 
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下载免费PDF全文 In the context of an educational or clinical intervention, we often ask questions such as “How does this intervention influence the task behavior of autistic children?” or “How does working memory influence inhibition of immediate responses?” What do we mean by the word influence here? In this article, we introduce the framework of complex dynamic systems (CDS) to disentangle the meaning of words such as influence, and to discuss the issue of education and intervention as something that takes place in the form of complex, real‐time, situated processes. What are the applied implications of such a CDS framework? Can we use it to improve education? Five general principles—process laws—are introduced, which can be used to guide the way we formulate research questions and methods, and the way we use the results of such research. In addition, we briefly discuss a project in progress, in which we ourselves attempt to apply the process laws that govern educational activities. Finally, we report about a discussion about the usability of the process laws, both in educational research and in the classroom, as was held during our workshop at the Mind, Brain, and Education Conference, November 2014. 相似文献
16.
In this essay the importance of spirituality (or ethics) in the life of a research scientist is explored. The following four questions are considered: a) Why should the problem be studied? What are the benefits? and For whom? b) How should we approach this problem? c) What if the results of this investigation contradict other theories? What should we do in case of disagreements? and, d) What are the consequences of this study? Who or what is going to be harmed? What are the effects on the environment?
相似文献17.
The middle years of life, from the 20s through the 50s, have been neglected by psychology in general and educational psychology in particular. The current increase in numbers of mature learners calls for more, better, and better-understood psychological data so that learning can be enhanced in this age group. This issue of Contemporary Educational Psychology addresses five relevant questions: (1) What does research tell us about the capacities of adults to learn and retain? (2) What factors other than cognitive functioning affect adult performance? (3) How and in what ways does the adult wish to involve himself as a learner? (4) How might we go about guiding the mature learner, using present knowledge? (5) What theoretical concerns arise from consideration of the foregoing? 相似文献
18.
口试评分规范化与信度研究 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
口语考试的效度较高,信度却比较低。但没有信度,效度也不可能真正得到保证。因此,如何提高口试的信度,是很多测试研究者普遍关注的问题。本文通过描述清华大学英语水平考试中口试部分的评分规范化与评分员培训,对如何规范评分以提高口试信度这一问题进行讨论。 相似文献
19.
Jürgen Guthke 《European Journal of Psychology of Education - EJPE》1990,5(2):117-133
For a number of reasons the learning test approach (also known under the expressions «dynamic assessment» or «assessment of learning potential») can be considered as a promising alternative and a complement to conventional procedures of intelligence testing. But learning test procedures have also been criticized for their lack of psychometric standardization, their time-consuming application and for their only modest increase in predictive validity compared to conventional intelligence tests with regard to normal populations. The author traces the history of the learning test concept and critically discusses its main theoretical problems and practical implications. He further presents an overview of the different learning test procedures that have been developed in his research group since the early seventies. One of the main goals of this research is to combine the learning test approach with psychometric standardization i.e. to maximize individualization of the assessment and pursue the goal of a more qualitative evaluation without losing the necessary objectivity or the possibility to quantify results in order to make interindividual comparisons. Other major concerns are to enhance content validity of learning tests by using better analyzed items and to invest more into research regarding construct validity. 相似文献
20.
邢植朝 《广东技术师范学院学报》2006,(3):11-14
黎族研究,已进行了大半个世纪。对于这样一个涉及到政治、经济、社会、丈化等众多领域的系统工程的研究,如何在现有的基础上提升与深化,如何做到承传与理论上的创新,如何做为一门学问———“黎族学”去进行研究,这是值得学术界重视和努力的问题 相似文献