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近年来,普通高校本科生就业难已成为不争的事实。这一局面的形成有许多原因,其中就业能力不强是重要原因之一,高校人才培养定位及以此为基础的人才培养模式是决定因素之一。文章就此试做探讨,以期对普通高校本科生培养模式的创新与改革提供参考。 相似文献
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王亚红 《安顺师范高等专科学校学报》2010,(5):35-37
近年来,普通高校本科生就业难已成为不争的事实。这一局面的形成有许多原因,其中就业能力不强是重要原因之一,高校人才培养定位及以此为基础的人才培养模式是决定因素之一。文章就此试做探讨,以期对普通高校本科生培养模式的创新与改革提供参考。 相似文献
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高校毕业生结构性失业原因及对策研究 总被引：6，自引：0，他引：6
当前我国高校毕业生结构性失业问题突出,其主要原因是社会经济快速发展,而我国高等教育改革相对滞后,培养的大学生存在较大的就业能力缺口(Gap),造成劳动力市场形成明显的U-V状态.为从实质上解决大学生就业难这一社会问题,应从社会经济大环境中去审视和讨论高等教育改革问题,明确提出"以提升大学生就业能力为导向"的高等教育发展目标,通过一系列举措缓解当前大学生结构性失业压力. 相似文献
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高等教育对美国大学生就业的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
本研究将大学教育的经济回报分析扩展到毕业后十年,进一步考察了大学教育对于学生毕业后第一个十年内失业可能性的影响。本研究还验证了大学质量对毕业生收入有积极影响,同时不同本科专业之间存在巨大差异。然而,这两个主要因素对毕业生失业可能性的影响却截然不同:一方面,高质量私立大学的毕业生虽然在各类型高校的毕业生中享有最高的平均收入,但其失业的可能性也最大;另一方面,较其他专业毕业生而言,就读于高需求专业如商学、医学等的毕业生,其失业可能性也较低。 相似文献
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Stephen McMurray 《Journal of Further & Higher Education》2019,43(2):201-219
This article explores the impact of funding cuts to the Further Education colleges in Scotland. The reduction in the number of students in the colleges has been hugely politically controversial. The research utilised the Infact database on the Scottish Funding Council’s website and also a literature review. The research found there had been a significant reduction in the number of students aged under 16 and 25 and over. This is related to a decision to focus on full-time courses for school leavers and to stop funding courses which lead to no recognised qualifications or last less than ten hours. The implications of this are that an increased focus on employability and qualification attainment of school leavers is important to increase employability and reduce the likelihood of NEET and/or enter a long-term cycle of low skilled work and unemployment. However, the reduction of other courses may affect part-time and older students. Many people will be prevented from retraining or upskilling as they are only able to study part-time. This would likely hit those with disabilities and caring responsibilities proportionately harder. Furthermore, there is a concern over the loss of staff from the sector, particularly those with skills of assisting students with additional support needs. The focus on employability courses may well come at the expense of basic living skills courses, which some students may have to undertake before progressing to an employability course. The implications may be that these students simply do not attend college at all and there may be additional costs to support them elsewhere. 相似文献
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王思敏 《天津职业院校联合学报》2012,14(7):19-22
西班牙正在遭受经济衰退,公共开支大幅消减和平均25%的高失业率的重重压力,而位于其北部的巴斯克自治区却依旧保持着9%的失业率和经济稳定增长的活力,是什么让西班牙南北区域经济发展有着如此大的差异?是什么让这个人口仅两百一十万的地区成为西班牙主要工业区之一,对国内政治经济产生巨大影响?本文通过介绍和分析西班牙巴斯克地区的职业教育特色,旨在对我国正在不断探索和发展中的职业教育有所提示。 相似文献
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Luísa Cerdeira Belmiro Cabrito Tomás Patrocínio Rui Brites 《Journal of Higher Education Policy & Management》2016,38(1):68-77
The efforts made by most countries to accelerate economic development have included a significant investment in education. It has been argued that investment in education, particularly higher education, was itself a potential factor in economic development. Education has become a relatively easy means of improving access to the labour market. However, in Portugal, the recent trend has been reversed, and the country now faces a growing number of university graduates in several fields of education and training that do not have a job based on their formal qualifications. Despite the differences of unemployment by area of education and training, unemployment of the young skilled has been a problem in recent years. Therefore, following this unemployment trend, there has been growing the exodus of highly skilled professionals from the Portuguese economy, leaving it with a reduced supply of skilled people. This article discusses the employability of graduates from several academic areas and discusses the educational and economic policies that generate a real brain drain. 相似文献
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Bryony Hoskins Pauline Leonard Rachel J. Wilde 《British Educational Research Journal》2018,44(1):61-79
Higher education is commonly understood as the gateway to better, higher‐paying jobs. This paper draws on longitudinal survey and interview data to explore how different groups of young people, those who left school at 18 and those graduating from higher education, negotiated pathways into employment or otherwise during the recent economic recessionary climate in England. While a mix of employment and unemployment featured in both groups, with temporary and unstable contracts more common than skilled and secure jobs, our evidence reveals that those with degrees were less likely to be in work at the ages of 22 to 23 than those who left school to enter employment at 18. In some contradistinction to popular discourses on the employability benefits of higher education therefore, entering paid work at 18 was a more effective strategy for being in employment five years later than proceeding into higher education. 相似文献
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中国大学生的就业能力——基于学情调查的自我评价分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
大学生就业能力是反映高等教育人才培养与劳动力市场需求契合度的重要指标之一,也是高等教育人才培养质量的一个重要维度。本文以就业能力培养的USEM模型为基础,通过国家大学生学习情况问卷设计与调查,从实证的视角深入剖析大学生就业能力现状和就业理念。调查表明,我国高校亟须改善大学生就业理念感知的内外部环境,以优化就业能力各要素的培养绩效为切入点,把就业能力提升的内容融入人才培养模式之中,实现大学生就业能力和高等教育人才培养质量的提升。 相似文献
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人文素质教育对于提升理工科大学生的就业能力具有重要的意义,作者基于就业的视角认为理工科大学生人文素质教育应当具有知识面的"泛化"、策略的"实用化"以及过程的"渗透化"特征,并在这个特征上对理工科大学生进行科学的人文素质教育. 相似文献
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刘娟 《宁波大学学报(教育科学版)》2020,(5):104-111
高校辅导员工作时间属于思想政治教育时间范畴,存在着特殊性与不确定性。辅导员正确认识工作时间的必要性取决于其职业属性、工作要求和工作职责。灵活掌握工作时间符合自身职业发展需求、学生成长成才诉求、辅导员队伍建设需要和相关制度安排要求。实现合理运用工作时间的有效路径是:分析优化工作时序、准确把握工作时机、科学提升工作时效、强化时间管理能力。高校辅导员工作是一项较为复杂的系统性工作,因而辅导员运用工作时间受到主客观因素的影响。追本溯源,辅导员要成为工作时间的“主人”,关键在于既要充分发挥自身的主观能动性,做到科学安排和合理利用工作时间,又应扎实推进辅导员队伍专业化、职业化建设。 相似文献
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中国与韩国大学生就业问题比较 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
中韩两国地域、文化、经济发展水平相近，受经济结构调整和高等教育大众化政策实施的影响，大学毕业生就业矛盾越来越突出。本文从两国经济与失业状况的比较入手，全面考察了大学生的就业形势和形成就业困难的原因，分析了经济与高教发展对学生就业的正负面作用。 相似文献
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Caroline Berggren 《Higher Education》2006,52(1):121-148
The hypothesis that an economic recession in society leads to class equalisation in the recruitment of new students to higher
education is tested, using data from Sweden. The 1990s is a period suitable for these analyses, as the recession started in
1991, reached the highest unemployment level in 1993; finally, at the end of the decade the labour market recovered. Multivariate,
binary logistic regressions of entry into higher education are performed with gender divided analyses. Register data from
Sweden comprising the total population in the age range 18–21 years from six cohorts are analysed. When the labour market
was the most difficult, more young students from lower classes entered higher education. When the labour market recovered,
men from lower classes tended to abandon higher education. However, women from lower classes continued to increase their involvement.
The result indicate that the Swedish Scholastic Assessment Test, works in favour of men from higher classes through repeated
test taking. The hypothesis about the influence from the labour market was supported for the group of men, while results were
less clear for women. The results indicate that future research must carefully consider gender aspects. 相似文献
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This study adopts a nationwide survey data set between 2005 and 2013 (Chinese General Social Survey) to explore the influence of the massification of higher education on the transition of Chinese youth into the labour market. Data analysis reveals two major findings. First, the economic returns to college education of recent cohorts of university graduates (those who have graduated from universities not more than 3 years ago) are lower than the cohorts who graduated in 2005 and 2006. Second, recent cohorts of college graduates are likely to work in the urban informal sector, unlike their senior counterparts. These findings could partially be explained by skills mismatch in the labour market but a comprehensive understanding of graduate unemployment in China could be obtained by bringing the broader political economy perspective into the analysis. 相似文献
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Higher education (HE) is regarded as a pathway to upward social mobility for those from lower socio-economic backgrounds. Social mobility is itself seen as important both for individual and national prosperity and is a key driver of government funding for HE. While access to HE has substantially increased over the past number of years, the evidence suggests that social inequalities continue to be reproduced, with working-class students more frequently accessing lower status institutions and courses. This in turn can impact negatively on their labour market outcomes. This paper offers a critical appraisal on the employability discourse. Drawing on a survey of 268 distance graduates from an Irish university, together with 5 individual interviews, findings indicate that distance graduates are likely to be from lower socio-economic backgrounds and have delayed participation in university education for reasons relating to social class. Although mostly in employment, they are motivated to participate in HE by their concerns regarding their long-term employability. The literature identifies that our employability is something we negotiate with others. This paper posits that, for distance graduates, in addition to this process of convincing others, the graduate must also convince themselves of the value of their own achievement. Transitioning to graduate employment, and developing a graduate identity, can therefore be a slow internal and external process of negotiation. 相似文献
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ABSTRACTStratification, in the form of silent exclusion that is experienced by some groups of students because of the perceived low reputation of the university attended, and which the students have no control over, has been observed as a social menace that works against the concept of equity in education. To address this problem, a need exists for universities with lower reputations to go the extra mile to develop the employability skills of their students, which, in turn, will enhance their self-perception of employability. The major objective of this study was to investigate the influence of experiential learning activities on the relationship between university reputation and self-perceived employability among undergraduates in South African universities. Data were collected by means of an adapted questionnaire from 402 respondents drawn from two universities in the same province in South Africa. To achieve our objective, four hypotheses were formulated and tested through Structural Equation Modelling (SEM) using AMOS 25. The findings show that both direct and indirect effects of university reputation on undergraduates’ perceived employability through experiential learning activities are positively significant. To minimise the negative effects that universities with low reputations are likely to have on undergraduates’ acquisition of experiential learning, on their self-perceived employability, and subsequently on their employment prospects, the government, the Department of Higher Education and universities (particularly, the low-rated ones in South Africa) need to put in place some timely interventions, some of which are suggested in the study. 相似文献
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Perceived employability among undergraduates and the importance of career self-management,work experience and individual characteristics 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
Underemployment, continued growth in the supply of graduates and seemingly perpetual instability are dominant trends in graduate labour markets. In order to negotiate an increasingly complex career terrain, graduates require sharpened skills in effectively managing their own careers and a strong assurance of their own capabilities. This study focuses on the individual dimensions of perceived employability (PE) and explores perceptions among undergraduates and the associated influence of career management competencies, work experience and individual characteristics. Data were collected for 480 business undergraduates at a UK and Australian university using an online survey. Findings indicate that, overall, undergraduates demonstrated reasonably high levels of PE. Certain career management competencies influenced perceptions, in addition to work experience and individual characteristics. The study is relevant to stakeholders, including educators, employers and students, from developed economies as it highlights coherent strategies to enhance PE among higher education students. These may lead to increased individual success in the labour market and more effective recruitment, retention and performance of new graduates. 相似文献
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Undergraduates approaching completion of their studies may embrace the prospect of entry into the world of work as a challenge or conversely, may view it with trepidation. This study explores three major personal resources that may be associated with how young undergraduates view their future employability: perceived hope, grit and emotional intelligence. Demographics associated in the literature with perceived chance of employment – gender, age and having a learning disability – were also included in the study. The participants were college students in their senior year (n = 584), studying in a variety of undergraduate programmes. Results show that perceived hope and grit were positively associated with perceived employability whereas the relationship with emotional intelligence was more complex. None of the demographics associated with perceived employability. 相似文献