共查询到18条相似文献，搜索用时 609 毫秒
1.
目的:通过监测八周赛艇训练,研究运动训练对唾液sIgA的影响,探讨运动、sIgA与上呼吸道感染间的关系.方法:以某大学赛艇队15名运动员为研究对象,其中男性8名、女性7名.唾液的采集日期为训练开始后的连续5个训练日(第一周)、第10天(第二周)、第17天(第三周)、第23天(第四周)及第53天(第八周).结果:训练课后唾液中sIgA浓度和分泌率与运动课前相比显著上升(P＜0.05).训练开始后第一周,唾液中sIgA浓度和分泌率有下降的趋势,但无显著性差异(P＞0.05).训练开始后第10天、17天及23天上午训练课前的sIgA浓度和分泌率与训练第一天相比显著降低(P＜0.05).上呼吸道感染患病者训练课前sIgA浓度与分泌率显著低于非患病者(P＜0.05).Logistic回归分析结果显示,唾液中sIgA浓度低于85μg/ml时,患上呼吸道感染的危险度是高于85μg/ml时的3.07倍(OR=3.07;95%可信区间:1.05-8.93;P＜0.05).结论:训练课后,唾液sIgA水平显著升高;长期训练的蓄积作用导致sIgA水平下降;监测唾液sIgA水平可能预测上呼吸道感染的发生. 相似文献
2.
探讨高温环境下运动中，口服咖啡因对男大学生运动员运动中唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白A（sIgA）和溶菌酶（lysozyme，LZM）的影响。采用实验研究方法，以13名男性耐力性项目大学生运动员为研究对象。每名研究对象在温度为33℃、相对湿度为65%的实验室完成两次实验（咖啡因运动实验和对照运动实验）。每次实验中，采集运动前60 min、运动前即刻、运动20 min、运动结束即刻的唾液样本，测定唾液sIgA、LZM的浓度。实验结果显示，口服咖啡因对高温环境下耐力大学生运动员运动中唾液sIgA无影响，但会降低唾液LZM水平，高温环境、中等强度运动使男耐力大学生运动员唾液sIgA和LZM的水平升高。 相似文献
3.
不同运动方式对唾液sIgA 的影响 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:了解不同运动方式对唾液分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)的影响。方法:8名普通大学生进行95%最大摄氧量(VO2max)强度的功率自行车间歇运动和连续3天的30 min、75%VO2max强度持续运动,8名田径运动员进行3种急性运动(10 000 m跑、1节强化训练课和1次递增负荷力竭性跑台运动),观察各种运动前后的唾液sIgA变化情况。结果:95%VO2max强度间歇运动后即刻唾液sIgA分泌率降低,3天连续运动后即刻的唾液sIgA分泌率逐渐下降,运动员强化训练课后唾液sIgA浓度降低。结果提示,大强度运动会降低唾液sIgA水平,长期耐力训练对黏膜免疫系统有累积性抑制作用。 相似文献
4.
目的:探讨一次性大、中、小负荷强度运动对唾液中分泌型免疫球蛋白A(sIgA)的影响。方法:以普通大学生为研究对象,分别以40%VO2max、60%VO2max、80%VO2max负荷强度运动1h,测定运动前、运动后即刻、运动后3h、6h及24h唾液中sIgA的变化。结果:60%VO2max负荷强度运动后即刻,唾液中sIgA浓度(μg/ml)、sIgA分泌率(μg/min)均升高,且sIgA浓度呈显著性升高;其他各负荷强度运动前后,唾液中sIgA浓度及sIgA分泌率无显著变化。结论:1h中等强度运动有利于提高口腔粘膜免疫力。 相似文献
5.
短跑运动员不同强度时唾液溶菌酶的变化特点 总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3
笔者对 10名短跑运动员进行了为期 7天的不同强度负荷短跑训练 ,采用琼脂平皿扩散法测定了受试者唾液溶菌酶滴定值 ,并同步测定了血尿素和尿白蛋白作对照。结果表明 :唾液溶菌酶对中低强度运动负荷反应灵敏 ,所反映的机能状态与血尿素、尿AIb所反映的相似。提示 :唾液溶菌酶有可能作为运动员训练中运动量评定的无创性指标 ,但在大强度负荷条件下运动员唾液溶菌酶个体差异大 ,运用该指标进行运动量评定时 ,需区别对待。 相似文献
6.
7.
8.
分泌型免疫球蛋白A在机体粘膜免疫,即对抗机体外表面病原微生物的感染中发挥着重要作用。运动对分泌型免疫球蛋白A的影响正成为运动免疫学界的研究热点之一。不同方式的运动和训练可对分泌型免疫球蛋白A产生不同影响,从而影响机体对诸如上呼吸道感染等疾病的免疫能力。 相似文献
9.
尤龙 《沈阳体育学院学报》2013,32(4)
1运动和上呼吸道感染J模型建立的关系
上呼吸道感染,像咳嗽、感冒、咽喉炎、中耳炎等这些疾病对于运动员和一般人的健康都有影响,因此,了解和掌握运动和感染病之间的关系显得尤为重要.
有关运动强度和上呼吸道感染性之间关系,已有学者提出了J模型假设.在这个模型中,对于不经常运动的人来说,有规律地参加一些适当的体育活动能够减少与上呼吸道感染相关疾病的发生.然而,高运动强度的训练或者是一段紧张的训练却容易引发高水平运动员的上呼吸道感染.最初,当J模型被提出的时候,它是建立在相关的较少的研究和大量的探索剧烈运动与上呼吸道感染关系基础上的.近年来人们对这个领域的研究越来越感兴趣,尤其是对于适当的运动与上呼吸道感染发生性之间的关系. 相似文献
10.
低温运动对小鼠血清溶菌酶活性影响的研究 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
试从低温、运动两方面来探讨冬泳对小鼠溶菌酶活性,以及对免疫力的影响。以小鼠为研究对象,随机分为静养组、冷暴露组、冷水游泳组,每组10只,进行两个月的实验。对各组小鼠的白细胞和血清溶菌酶活性进行比较。结果:静养组与冷水游泳组小鼠的血清对溶壁微球菌和金黄色葡萄球菌有极显著性差异,静养组与冷暴露组的白细胞数量差异性不显著。结论:表明冷水游泳能使小鼠血清中溶菌酶的活性提高。 相似文献
11.
Joanna Orysiak Konrad Witek Agnieszka Zembron-Lacny Barbara Morawin Jadwiga Malczewska-Lenczowska Dariusz Sitkowski 《Journal of sports sciences》2017,35(13):1255-1263
The aim of this study was to examine upper respiratory tract infections (URTI) and their associations with resting saliva and blood immune and endocrine parameters in ice hockey players. Twenty-seven participants (age 16.5 ± 0.5 years) completed the 24-week study period. The counts/concentrations of immune and endocrine markers were compared between healthy-prone athletes (≤2 episodes of URTI during the study period) and illness-prone athletes (≥3 episodes of URTI) and between the URTI state (when athletes had infections) and the healthy state (the time without URTI). There were no differences in concentration/counts of saliva and blood immune and endocrine parameters between the illness-prone and illness-free athletes. Athletes had significantly lower sIgA, sIgA1 and sIgA2 concentrations (sIgA: 119.88 ± 66.88, 144.10 ± 75.0 µg/ml; sIgA1: 90.2 ± 40.64, 108.44 ± 29.8 U; sIgA2: 67.58 ± 30.1, 80.3 ± 25.61 U, respectively) and significantly higher WBC, neutrophil, monocyte and eosinophil count values and IL-1ra concentration at the time when they had symptoms of URTI than in the period without symptoms of infections. There were no differences in salivary cortisol concentration between the period of URTI symptoms and the period without URTI symptoms. In conclusion, we observed lower concentrations of salivary immunoglobulins and higher levels of blood immune parameters during URTI in athletes, which may confirm the suppression of mucosal immunity and initiation responses to pathogenic infections by innate immunity. 相似文献
12.
Although epidemiological data indicate that athletes are at increased risk of upper respiratory tract infection during periods of heavy training and the 1 - 2 week period following endurance race events, there is very limited information on the responses to football training and match-play. For several hours after heavy exertion, components of both the innate (e.g. natural killer cell activity and neutrophil oxidative burst activity) and adaptive (e.g. T and B cell function) immune system exhibit suppressed function. Although such responses to football training and competition do not appear to be as pronounced, variations in immune cell numbers and function are reported in professional footballers over the course of a season. Attempts have been made through nutritional means (e.g. glutamine, vitamins C and E, and carbohydrate supplementation) to attenuate immune changes following intensive exercise and thus lower the risk of upper respiratory tract infection. Carbohydrate supplementation during heavy exercise has emerged as a partial countermeasure and attenuates increases in blood neutrophil counts, stress hormones, and inflammatory cytokines, but has little effect on decrements in salivary IgA output or natural killer cell function. Animal research indicates that other nutritional components such as beta-glucan, quercetin, and curcumin warrant human investigations to determine if they are effective countermeasures to exercise-induced immune dysfunction. 相似文献
13.
The purpose of this study was to establish the effect of exercise at different times of day on saliva flow rate, immunoglobulin A (sIgA) concentration and secretion rate, and alpha-amylase activity, and to establish how these parameters change following a second exercise bout performed on the same day. In a counterbalanced design, eight male volunteers participated in three experimental trials separated by at least 4 days. On the trial with afternoon exercise only, the participants cycled for 2 h at 60% VO2max starting at 14:00 h. On the other two trials, participants performed either two bouts of exercise at 60% VO2max for 2 h (the first started at 09:00 h and the second started at 14:00 h) or a separate resting trial. Unstimulated saliva samples were obtained 10 min before exercise, after 58 - 60 min and during the last 2 min of exercise, and at 1 h and 2 h after exercise. Venous blood samples were taken 5 min before exercise and immediately after exercise for both bouts. Participants remained fasted between 23:00 h on the day before the trials and 18:00 h on the day of the trial. Circadian variations were found in sIgA concentration, which decreased with time from its highest value in the early morning to its lowest value in the evening, and salivary alpha-amylase secretion rate, which increased from its lowest value in the morning to its highest value in the late afternoon. Cycling at 60% VO2max for 2 h significantly decreased saliva flow rate, increased sIgA concentration and alpha-amylase activity, but did not influence sIgA secretion rate. Performing prolonged cycling at different times of day did not differentially affect the salivary and plasma hormonal responses in the short term. Performance of a second prolonged exercise bout elicited a greater plasma stress hormone response but did not appear to compromise oral immunity acutely. These findings also suggest that, in terms of saliva secretion, sIgA and alpha-amylase responses, a 3 h rest is enough to recover from previous strenuous exercise. During such exercise, sympathetic stimulation appears to be strong enough to inhibit saliva flow rate; however, it appears that it does not increase sIgA output via transcytosis. 相似文献
14.
有关运动与免疫的研究,大都集中在研究运动对普通人群和运动员上呼吸道感染的影响以及免疫机能的影响,这些研究的大部分案例都是针对年轻人和健康人群的。那么,运动免疫学领域还很大,尤其是对那些疾病、亚健康和特殊年龄段的人群的研究仍是相对薄弱的地方。对特殊人群(HIV感染人群、老年人、儿童、肥胖和糖尿病)的运动、感染风险和免疫机能进行综述。 相似文献
15.
长时间运动应激能引起血浆谷氨酰胺的浓度下降并发生短暂免疫抑制,从而增加运动员上呼吸道感染的发病率和胃肠疾病的发生率.运动员补充谷氨酰胺后,疾病的发生率有所下降,这与谷氨酰胺在免疫系统中的作用密切相关.对运动性免疫抑制的发生和耐力运动后疾病的发生情况作一综述,并探讨了补充谷氨酰胺的作用及作用的机制. 相似文献
16.
David C. Nieman 《运动与健康科学(英文)》2012,1(1):12-17
Maintaining leanness and a physically active lifestyle during adulthood reduces systemic inflammation, an underlying factor in multiple chronic diseases. The anti-inflammatory influence of near-daily physical activity in lowering C-reactive protein, total blood leukocytes, interleukin-6, and other inflammatory cytokines may play a key role in lowering risk of cardiovascular disease, certain types of cancer, type 2 diabetes, sarcopenia, and dementia. Moderate exercise training causes favorable perturbations in immunity and a reduction in incidence of upper respiratory tract infection (URTI). During each bout of moderate exercise, an enhanced recirculation of immunoglobulins, neutrophils, and natural killer cells occurs that persists for up to 3-h post-exercise. This exercise-induced surge in immune cells from the innate immune system is transient but improves overall surveillance against pathogens. As moderate exercise continues on a near-daily basis for 12–15 weeks, the number of symptoms days with URTI is decreased 25%–50% compared to randomized sedentary controls. Epidemiologic and animal studies support this inverse relationship between URTI risk and increased physical activity. 相似文献
17.
《European Journal of Sport Science》2013,13(3):52-66
This review will examine the effects of exercise and training on immune func-tion and will discuss the methodological problems that limit the interpretation of many exercise immunology studies. Acute bouts of exercise cause a tempo-rary depression of various aspects of immune function, such as neutrophil oxidative burst, lymphocyte proliferation, monocyte MHC class II expression, and natural killer cell cytotoxic activity, that will usually last for approximately three to 24 hours after exercise, depending on the intensity and duration of the exercise bout. Post-exercise immune function depression is most pronounced when the exercise is continuous, prolonged (<1.5 hours), of moderate to high intensity (55-75% VO2max), and performed without food intake. Periods of intensified training that result in overreaching have been shown to chronically depress immune function—i.e., immune cell functions measured at rest are still depressed 24 hours after the last exercise bout. Although elite athletes are not clinically immune deficient, it is possible that the combined effects of small changes in several immune parameters may compromise resistance to common minor illnesses such as upper respiratory tract infection. Protracted immune depression linked with prolonged training may determine susceptibility to infection, particularly at times of major competitions. 相似文献
18.