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1.
The 1992—93 National Survey of Postsecondary Faculty (NSOPF) provides a unique opportunity to examine class size and the institutional and academic factors associated with class size differences. The institutional characteristics examined in this paper include public or private control, Carnegie classification, and institutional size. The course academic characteristics considered include academic discipline as described by Biglan (1973a), student level, and principal method of instruction. The results support the formation of comparative distributions for class size comparison and better understanding of institutional and course characteristics associated with class size differences. 相似文献
2.
Bradley E. Cox Kadian L. McIntosh Robert D. Reason Patrick T. Terenzini 《Research in higher education》2011,52(8):808-829
In an effort to identify policies that foster an institutional “culture of teaching,” or encourage use of effective pedagogies,
this study uses data from 5,612 faculty members at 45 institutions to examine connections between institutional policies and
faculty members’ perceptions and practices related to teaching and learning. A series of multi-level models suggests that
academic policy variables have small and generally insignificant relationships to such faculty perceptions or practices. Instead,
conventional institutional characteristics, such as selectivity and Carnegie classification, appear to be more influential
factors. 相似文献
3.
Dieter J. Schönwetter Rodney A. Clifton Raymond P. Perry 《Research in higher education》2002,43(6):625-655
Improving the quality of higher education for all students requires researchers to focus on factors that potentially influence learning. Of particular interest are student entry characteristics and effective teaching behaviors. Accordingly, structural equation modeling was used to examine the relationships between student differences, prior experience with the subject material, past performances, teaching behaviors, and perceived learning and achievement. A theoretical model containing 8 variables was formulated and tested on students who were either experienced or inexperienced with the course material. The data were gathered at a large midwestern university fitting the Carnegie classification as a research institution. Overall, student achievement is affected by test anxiety and high school GPA. Prior experience with the course content revealed that content-unfamiliar students' perception of learning is more positively influenced by instructor organization than by instructor expressiveness, whereas for content-familiar students, expressiveness is much more influential than organization. Additionally, content-unfamiliar students are more sensitive to both teaching behaviors than content-familiar students. These findings have important implications for administrators, instructors, and researchers. 相似文献
4.
ABSTRACTWhile previous literature documents the importance of sense of belonging for a positive educational experience, much of this research is focused on students early in their college careers and incorporates a single measure of sense of belonging. In contrast, the current study sought to explore whether senior students’ faculty-related engagement influences their sense of belonging, particularly their feelings of institutional acceptance as one aspect of sense of belonging. This study utilizes data from 8939 seniors in the 2014 administration of the National Survey of Student Engagement to explore these relationships. Results suggest that increased student–faculty interaction, use of effective teaching practices, and participation in research with faculty have a positive impact on feelings of institutional acceptance for seniors. Furthermore, certain student demographics (first-generation, age, gender, race/ethnicity), college experiences (enrollment type, online learning, STEM major, college grades, living situation, Greek affiliation), and institutional characteristics (control type, minority-serving institution, selectivity, Carnegie type) also play a role in this aspect of belongingness. Institutions can use this information to increase programming and resources for improving student engagement with faculty. 相似文献
5.
Maureen Franklin Ph. D. 《Research in higher education》1995,36(2):127-153
It was the purpose of this study to assess the effects of differential college environments on academic learning and cognitive development by testing Pascarella's theoretical general causal model with longitudinal data from a national database on college students. Secondary analysis of longitudinal data from the 1986 Cooperative Institutional Research Program (CIRP) freshman survey and from the 1990 follow-up CIRP survey was conducted to formulate the five clusters of independent variables and two dependent variables as postulated by Pascarella. The final sample was composed of 2,165 students at four-year institutions. The data were analyzed using path analysis. Direct, indirect, and total effects of all variables are reported. Results of the path analyses partially supported Pascarella's theoretical causal model. Findings suggested that student precollege traits, the quality of student effort in academic pursuits during college, and interactions with faculty and peers are more salient influences on learning and student perceptions of cognitive development than institutional characteristics and institutional environment. Based on the findings of the present study, a refined causal model for college student academic and cognitive outcomes is proposed. Recommendations and implications for further study are given. 相似文献
6.
Over the past decade, continuous quality improvement (CQI) has emerged as a strategy for documenting and systematically building
academic program quality. This study used a nationally representative sample of engineering faculty members and students to
examine the influence of faculty members’ CQI activities on the relationships between student and institutional characteristics,
student experiences in- and out-of-class, and student learning outcomes. A cluster analysis validated the use of four CQI-related
variables to differentiate engineering programs into high- and low-CQI groups. In a multiple group path analysis, the models
for the high and low groups differed significantly, supporting the hypothesis that CQI indirectly influences the relationships
between student and institutional characteristics, student experiences, and student learning outcomes. Further, the path results
suggested a number of modifications to the analytical and conceptual frameworks used in the study. 相似文献
7.
Gary R. Pike George D. Kuh Alexander C. McCormick Corinna A. Ethington John C. Smart 《Research in higher education》2011,52(1):81-106
Calls for accountability in higher education are prompted in part by questions concerning whether colleges and universities use their resources effectively to promote student learning. Unfortunately, too little is known about whether money matters to desired outcomes of college. Using students?? responses to the 2004 administration of the National Survey of Student Engagement (NSSE) in concert with institutional data from the Integrated Postsecondary Education Data System (IPEDS) and the College Board, this study examined the relationships between educational expenditures, student engagement and selected student self-reported learning outcomes, controlling for student and institutional characteristics. Results indicated that expenditures were modestly related to student engagement and learning outcomes. However, the nature of these relationships differed, depending on the engagement/outcome measure and student year in school. 相似文献
8.
The contribution of HBCUs as “colleges of origin,” i.e., where Black doctorates earned their bachelors’ degrees, remains of
interest, given the historical role of HBCUs and the current desire to increase the percentage of doctorates awarded to African
Americans in all fields. Using national survey data from multiple sources, we estimated which college characteristics predicted
later doctoral degree attainment in all fields. We took into account the large number of Black graduates from HBCUs, which
make them likely to be colleges of origin, and controlled for standardized test scores, Carnegie classification, and student/faculty
ratio. HBCUs were associated with doctorate production more than twice the expected level based on their other average characteristics.
In addition, colleges with low student/faculty ratios, higher SAT scores, and historical Carnegie classifications of research
universities and selective liberal arts colleges were also associated with a higher percentage of Black graduates later earning
doctoral degrees. 相似文献
9.
Kate McGovern 《Tertiary Education and Management》2013,19(3):200-214
This article describes a collaborative research project by the institutional research group and a team of faculty members at a Canadian university. In response to an increasingly diverse mix of students, the researchers set out to develop an understanding of relationships between student characteristics, categorized as demographic differences, personal attributes and academic preparedness, and student outcomes measured by both grades and student perceptions. Significant differences were found in grades outcomes based on characteristics such as international status, secondary school grades, study habits and writing skills. However, these differences were not evident in student perceptions of course value or learning achievement. This study has important implications for university administrators (recruiting, intake assessment and student support), instructors (understanding of diversity characteristics and how students perceive learning experience) and for students, who can be given an opportunity to better understand how their own personal characteristics might affect their learning experiences and outcomes. 相似文献
10.
《师资教育杂志》2012,38(2):111-120
This paper describes the main gains resulting from student teachers' first contact with the teaching profession. The Inventory of Experiences and Perceptions at Teaching Practice (IEPTP) was used to assess the range of experiences of a sample of 224 student teachers on five dimensions of teaching practice: (1) learning and professional development; (2) professional and institutional socialisation; (3) socio‐emotional aspects; (4) support/resources/supervision; and (5) vocational development. The results describe the main changes occurring in the student teachers' perceptions between the beginning and the end of teaching practice. They also suggest more significant changes in the areas of vocational development, professional and institutional socialisation, and learning and professional development. Strategies to promote student teachers' learning process and to decrease the difficulties emerging during this period are suggested. Supervisors' role in fostering and supporting the new candidates' professional and personal growth is also addressed. 相似文献
11.
This article describes a collaborative research project by the institutional research group and a team of faculty members at a Canadian university. In response to an increasingly diverse mix of students, the researchers set out to develop an understanding of relationships between student characteristics, categorized as demographic differences, personal attributes and academic preparedness, and student outcomes measured by both grades and student perceptions. Significant differences were found in grades outcomes based on characteristics such as international status, secondary school grades, study habits and writing skills. However, these differences were not evident in student perceptions of course value or learning achievement. This study has important implications for university administrators (recruiting, intake assessment and student support), instructors (understanding of diversity characteristics and how students perceive learning experience) and for students, who can be given an opportunity to better understand how their own personal characteristics might affect their learning experiences and outcomes.
相似文献12.
ABSTRACT This paper examines the relationship between student characteristics of online learning readiness and student outcomes in online courses at two higher educational institution. Data were collected from student surveys (student characteristics of readiness and outcomes) and merged with institutional student information systems data (e.g., demographics and course grades). Multiple regression analyses revealed that several student characteristics of online learning readiness significantly influenced student outcomes. MANOVA analyses were conducted to examine between group differences of each student characteristics among underrepresented student groups. Significant findings are reported for minorities and for students with disabilities. 相似文献
13.
Although numerous studies have examined racial/ethnic inequalities in collegiate student outcomes, serious attention to disparities
in post-secondary student learning has emerged only recently. Using a national sample of 35,000 college seniors and 250 diverse
institutions from the Collegiate Learning Assessment, this study investigates the role of institutional characteristics in
promoting the development of higher-order cognitive skills and the equitable distribution of these skills by student racial/ethnic
background. Using three-level hierarchical linear models within an analysis of covariance framework, we find that the initial
academic gaps that separate African American students from their white peers widen even further during college. Although substantial
academic disparities exist between Hispanic and white students at both college entry and exit, Hispanic and white students
gain academic skills at statistically comparable rates. Importantly, racial/ethnic differences in cognitive development vary
across institutions partly as a function of institutional characteristics. In particular, even after accounting for a host
of student- and institution-level characteristics, African American/white and Hispanic/white inequalities are somewhat smaller
at colleges that enroll larger proportions of non-white students. However, these benefits of increased minority enrollments
are contingent upon the academic backgrounds of students’ peers, with academically weaker student enrollments in some cases
negating the benefits of increased racial/ethnic diversity. 相似文献
14.
常桐善 《高等工程教育研究》2021,(2):6-14
院校研究与学习分析在学习研究方面同异并存,皆利用大数据探寻学生学习的优劣.院校研究主要依赖大学的管理和调查数据,学习分析主要使用学习管理系统收集的数据.院校研究聚焦于帮助大学“知己知彼”,学习分析旨在助力“知学生”“知学习”“知教育”.院校研究为学校层面决策提供实证研究证据,学习分析识别学生个体学习行为从而支持个性化学... 相似文献
15.
How and what teachers learn: a shifting perspective 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
We explore our efforts to create a conceptual framework to describe and analyse the challenges around preparing teachers to create, sustain, and educate in a ‘community of learners’. In particular, we offer a new frame for conceptualizing teacher learning and development within communities and contexts. This conception allows us to understand the variety of ways in which teachers respond in the process of learning to teach in the manner described by the ‘Fostering a Community of Learners’ (FCL) programme. The model illustrates the ongoing interaction among individual student and teacher learning, institutional or programme learning, and the characteristics of the policy environment critical to the success of theory‐intensive reform efforts such as FCL. 相似文献
16.
Institutional characteristics and faculty/administrator perceptions of outcomes: An exploratory analysis 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：2
Peter T. Ewell 《Research in higher education》1989,30(2):113-136
Linkages between faculty/administrator perceptions of student outcomes and selected institutional characteristics were examined using data drawn from a survey of 320 four-year institutions and the HEGIS database. A particular focus of the study was to investigate the contribution of institutional culture variables on perceptions of effectiveness, independent of more traditional institutional characteristics such as size, type, selectivity, and control. Independent effects were established for perceptions of student satisfaction and student personal development, but were not demonstrated for student academic development or student career development. The study also confirmed relationships between institutional culture and faculty/administrator perceptions of a number of educational process variables generally held to be linked to student outcomes, for example, the frequency of student/faculty contact and the degree to which information and feedback are valued in decision making. Results suggest that institutional culture may be a powerful determinant of perceived effectiveness regardless of its structural setting. 相似文献
17.
18.
The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of orientation programs on student academic and social learning.
Moving beyond previous studies, we examined how participation in orientation programming affected student learning and how
the impact of these programs on learning varied by organizational characteristics (i.e., institutional control, size of undergraduate
enrollment, sponsoring division, and whether the institution has an office designated for managing orientation programs),
student entry characteristics (i.e., gender, race, transfer status), and student experiences (i.e., perceived quality of orientation
program in helping student transition and in meeting students’ expectations, positive experiences with orientation staff,
and perceptions of orientation programs and their efficacy in helping students navigate resources and in providing useful
campus-based information). Hierarchical linear analysis was used to analyze these cross-level effects. Results demonstrated
that having a designated office for orientation programs on campus was important for narrowing the academic learning gap between
new-first year and transfer students. Implications for researchers and practitioners were discussed. 相似文献
19.
Clinton A. Patterson 《International Journal for Academic Development》2019,24(2):209-213
ABSTRACTThis reflection on practice describes the first fifty days of a professional transition from student affairs into academic development. Campus collaborations, educational experiences, and holistic student learning are identified as professional parallels between these two institutional divisions. Professionals from student affairs can uniquely contribute to academic development because of their ability to view the campus as a working system and the student as a whole person. This reflection describes how a student affairs background can be a valuable addition and asset to academic development teams. 相似文献
20.
美国2005版卡内基高等教育机构分类由综合性分类体系和选择性分类体系两部分构成。其中,综合性分类体系已经在2005年11月份发布,并受到国内学者的关注。而社会服务选择性分类体系,在基金会的努力和高校的积极参与下于2006年12月份完成,标志着2005版分类在总体结构上基本完整。本文分析了基金会推出高校社会服务选择性分类体系的原因,阐述了其分类标准和体系内容,并在此基础上对该体系的成效、问题、导向和实用功能等进行了讨论。 相似文献