共查询到19条相似文献，搜索用时 593 毫秒
1.
以职业女性为研究对象,反刍思维反应量表(RRS)和Beck自杀意念量表中文版(BSI-CV)为测量工具,采用点探测任务,考察消极信息的注意偏向在职业女性反刍思维与自杀意念关系中的中介作用。研究结果发现:(1)对消极信息的注意偏向除与反省深思无显著相关(r=0.162,p>0.05)之外,与反刍思维总分、强迫思考、自杀意念之间的相关均显著;(2)对消极信息的注意偏向在反刍思维与自杀意念之间起部分中介作用;(3)对消极信息的注意偏向在强迫思考与自杀意念之间起部分中介作用,在反省深思与自杀意念之间不起中介作用。 相似文献
2.
反刍思维是指个体经历负性生活事件后或者面对压力事件时,自发性的重复思维的现象.对于反刍思维的理解,反应风格理论、压力应对模型、反刍思维的多维度模型以及悲伤反刍模型和愤怒反刍模型都从不同的角度进行了阐述.关于其产生机制,目标进程理论认为当感觉到重要目标受阻时,个体会进行反刍思维以降低现状与目标之间的落差.根据对反刍思维理论内涵的理解,研究者编制了反刍思维反应方式量表,在研究中得到广泛的应用.今后的研究应在进一步厘清反刍思维概念的基础上,着力探讨中国文化下个体反刍思维的理论维度、特点及其前因变量. 相似文献
3.
希望特质在生活事件与自杀意念关系中的调节作用 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
采用青少年自杀意念量表(PANSI)、青少年生活事件量表(ASLEC)和成人一般希望量表(ADHS)对348名大学生的有效样本进行调查,探讨生活事件、希望特质对自杀意念的影响作用。研究结果发现:自杀意念与生活事件呈显著正相关,而与希望特质呈显著负相关。分层回归分析的结果显示,生活事件量表得分与希望特质的交互作用显著,低希望水平被试比高希望水平被试更容易受到负性生活事件的影响,从而产生自杀意念,因此希望特质在生活事件与消极自杀意念之间起着显著调节作用。这一调节作用模型提醒大学生心理健康教育应关注大学生自身心理保护机制的建设,从积极心理角度来减少和防御大学生自杀。 相似文献
4.
自杀意念是自杀行为的初始阶段,对自杀意念影响因素的深入研究有助于预防自杀行为的发生。从个体因素、家庭因素、学校因素和社会因素四个方面系统梳理了关于初中生自杀意念影响因素的研究成果,并且从心理干预、团体辅导两个方面阐述了有关干预对策,指出未来研究应进一步深入探讨初中生自杀意念的影响因素并进行归类,综合应用传统干预方法和积极心理干预开展跨学科对话与合作,并验证自杀意念干预方案效果的持续性。 相似文献
5.
选用青少年自杀意念量表和认知情绪调节问卷对河南省1 086名高中生进行问卷调查。结果表明:(1)1 086名高中生的认知情绪调节策略中的重新关注计划和积极重新评价在年级上存在显著差异;接受在性别上存在显著差异;自我责难和接受在文理科别上存在显著差异。(2)自杀意念与沉思、理性分析、灾难化、责怪他人呈正相关,与重新关注计划、积极重新评价呈负相关。(3)灾难化、积极重新评价、沉思、理性分析四个因子对自杀意念有重要预测作用。因此,高中生认知情绪调节与自杀意念有密切关系,认知情绪调节中的灾难化策略是预测自杀意念的最好认知指标。 相似文献
6.
任滨海 《潍坊教育学院学报》2009,22(1):85-87
目的:探讨大学生自杀意念产生的影响因素,从而为更好地预防大学生自杀事件的发生提供帮助。方法:在维普数据库中,以大学生、自杀意念作为关键词,搜索相关文献,进行文献综述。结果:判断自杀意念的标准不一致,测查自杀意念的时间段存在区别;自杀意念的影响因素包括:抑郁、人格特征、心理健康、应激等;自杀意念相关影响因素的研究欠缺,各因素之间交互作用的探讨等。 相似文献
7.
《华东师范大学学报(教育科学版)》2019,(4):154-163
研究大学生自杀行为机制及其保护性因素,对于大学生自杀行为的预防和临床具有重要现实意义。本研究采用结构方程建模方法,以自杀的人际关系理论为依据,考察希望在大学生自杀行为中的作用机制。研究发现,自杀人际关系理论的潜变量模型能较好拟合我国大学生自杀行为数据。自我累赘感知和归属感受挫显著影响大学生自杀行为,且具有叠加效应。习得的自杀能力,尤其是死亡恐惧感的降低,对大学生自杀行为也有显著影响。希望对大学生自杀行为存在缓冲和催化两种调节作用。当个体心理状态恶化时,高希望水平会起到一个缓冲的作用,降低自杀意愿和行为产生的可能;但在同样情况下,如果个体缺乏希望或绝望悲观,则会起到一个催化作用,放大对自杀行为的影响力度。随着个体心理状态恶化程度的提高,这两种机制的作用逐渐增强。研究发现对我国高校大学生自杀行为的临床或预防具有重要现实指导意义。 相似文献
8.
自杀意念者何以抑郁——沉浸性反应类型的中介效应 总被引：2，自引：1，他引：1
目的：基于概念分析和已有研究,本研究提出理论假设,即沉浸性的反应类型是解释自杀意念与抑郁关系之间的认知中介因素。方法：使用自杀意念量表（SSI）、流调中心用抑郁量表（cES—D）、简版沉浸量表（BRRS）、分心量表（Ds）和问题解决量表（PSS）在645名大学生中施测,运用中介效应的验证理论假设。结果：中介检验的各路径系数显著,沉浸变量在自杀意念与抑郁的关系中具有完全中介作用。两个与沉浸性质相反的变量：问题解决和分心在自杀意念与抑郁的关系中分别具有完全中介或者部分中介作用。结论：结果验证了研究假设,即自杀意念影响抑郁的发生和维持,是由于沉浸这种反应类型作用的结果。 相似文献
9.
为了考察中学生心理韧性在人格特质与自杀意念之间的中介作用与调节作用,通过随机整群抽样方式,采用青少年人格五因素问卷、中学生心理韧性问卷与积极消极自杀意念量表对广西壮族自治区816名中学生进行调查。统计发现:(1)初中生心理韧性水平高于高中生,自杀意念水平低于高中生,城镇中学生心理韧性水平高于农村学生,自杀意念水平低于农村学生;(2)外倾性、宜人性、谨慎性、开放性有利于心理韧性的提升,可以遏制自杀意念,情绪性不利于心理韧性提升,会促使自杀意念升高,心理韧性的提升则会降低自杀意念水平;(3)大五人格会通过心理韧性间接影响自杀意念,心理韧性会影响大五人格(除了宜人性)与自杀意念间关系的强弱。由此可见,教师和家长应该注重对中学生人格的测量与干预,发挥外倾性、宜人性、谨慎性与开放性的积极作用,削弱情绪性的消极作用。 相似文献
10.
对自杀的理解和干预,社会学、精神病学、流行病学、生物学等不同学科的学者都以各自的视角做出观察和解释,但欲全面理解自杀行为,心理学的视角是不可或缺的。国外自杀的心理学理论中认知取向的理论模型有Shneidman的自杀立方体、Beck的认知理论、Jobe的情感——认知模型、Rogers的存在主义——结构主义模型和Williams的痛苦的呼喊理论,学界应进一步深入研究自杀行为的心理特点和内部机制。 相似文献
11.
《Journal of College Student Psychotherapy》2013,27(1):62-77
The correlates and predictors of suicidal ideation were examined in 303 male and 691 female undergraduates. Results indicated that hopelessness predicted suicidal ideation in both samples; however, depression was found to be a significant suicide risk factor only in women. In contrast, alcohol-related problems and social support from family predicted suicidal ideation in men, but not in women. In addition, for both men and women perceived burdensomeness was a suicide risk factor and reasons for living a protective factor. When assessing risk for suicide, our results suggest that practitioners may need to focus more on depressive symptoms in women and more on alcohol-related problems in men, while considering hopelessness, perceived burdensomeness, and reasons for living regardless of gender. Prevention programs which target these identified risk and protective factors for suicidality should be developed specifically for college men and women. 相似文献
12.
Daniel SS Walsh AK Goldston DB Arnold EM Reboussin BA Wood FB 《Journal of learning disabilities》2006,39(6):507-514
The purpose of this study was to examine the risk of suicidal ideation and suicide attempts and school dropout among youth with poor reading in comparison to youth with typical reading (n = 188) recruited from public schools at the age of 15. In a prospective naturalistic study, youth and parents participated in repeated research assessments to obtain information about suicide ideation and attempts, psychiatric and sociodemographic variables, and school dropout. Youth with poor reading ability were more likely to experience suicidal ideation or attempts and more likely to drop out of school than youth with typical reading, even after controlling for sociodemographic and psychiatric variables. Suicidality and school dropout were strongly associated with each other. Prevention efforts should focus on better understanding the relationship between these outcomes, as well as on the developmental paths leading up to these behaviors among youth with reading difficulties. 相似文献
13.
自杀是指有意识、自愿的结束自己生命的行为;而自杀意念是指偶然体验的自杀行为动机,但没有采取或实现自杀的外显行为.以大学生中自杀意念预警人员为研究对象,通过对大学生自杀意念的归因分析发现,内外向、神经质、抑郁、精神病性4个因子显著地影响着大学生自杀意念的产生及严重程度. 相似文献
14.
BackgroundAdolescent victims of sexual assault and exploitation suffer significant mental health distress including PTSD, self-harm, suicidal ideation, and attempts.ObjectiveThis longitudinal observational study investigated the Runaway Intervention Program's influence on trauma responses at 3, 6, and 12 months for adolescents who have run away at least once and have been sexually assaulted or exploited.ParticipantsRunaways (n = 362) received nurse practitioner (NP) home and community visits, intensive case management, and optional empowerment groups.SettingAn urban Midwestern city's hospital-based Children's Advocacy Center.MethodsTrauma responses were measured by the UCLA PTSD-RI index, past 30 days emotional distress scale, and self-harm, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt questions. Repeated Measures ANOVA assessed trauma response changes over time. Growth curve analyses using intervention doses determined which aspects of the intervention predicted change.ResultsFrom program entry to 3 and 6 months, mean values decreased significantly for emotional distress (−0.67, −.91) self-harm (−.30, −.55), suicidal ideation (−.45, −.57), suicide attempts (−.58, −.61), and trauma symptoms (−11.8, −16.2, all p < .001) all maintained at 12 months. In growth curve models, NP visits independently predicted declines in emotional distress (−.038), self-injury (−.020), suicidal ideation (−.025) and attempts (−.032), while empowerment groups predicted trauma symptoms (−.525) and all others except suicide attempts.ConclusionsThe program, especially NP community visits and empowerment group elements, decreased trauma responses in runaway youth with a history of sexual assault. Given high rates of PTSD and emotional distress among runaways, the Runaway Intervention Program offers promise for improving mental health outcomes. 相似文献
15.
张荣伟 《福建教育学院学报》2013,(6):61-64
自杀意念的有效识别是心理危机预防与干预的重要内容.属于内隐的自杀意念会有或多或少相应的外显表现.并且,对自杀意念的外在表征的有效识别,可以大大降低自杀成功的概率.文章尝试走进自杀者的内心,解读他们自杀的深层心理动因,以及把握在认知、言行、情绪及睡眠饮食和生理等方面所流露出的危险信号,并提出六种在访谈过程中用于识别自杀意念的心理学方法. 相似文献
16.
Background and objectiveSuicidal ideation is a significant predictor of suicidal attempt. Based on the developmental psychopathology perspective and the resilience theory, this study examines whether trait gratitude mediates the relationship between childhood emotional abuse and adolescent suicidal ideation.Participants and settingA sample of 909 Grade 8 to Grade 9 adolescents aged 12–18 years in Hong Kong, a Special Administrative Region in China, was recruited from six secondary schools.MethodA two-wave longitudinal study was conducted. Participants completed the same measures on Gratitude Quesitonnaire-6, Suicidal Ideation Scale, emotional subscale of Child Abuse and Trauma Scale at two time points 12 months apart.ResultsResults of cross-lagged analyses showed that adolescents’ suicidal ideation was positively associated with childhood emotional abuse and negatively associated with gratitude; further, the association between childhood emotional abuse and suicidal ideation was mediated by gratitude.ConclusionsFindings of this study implied that while exposure to parental emotional abuse might have an adverse impact on the development of gratitude, adolescents’ current level of gratitude still exerts its protective effect by directly reducing their suicidal ideation. Gratitude or other resilience factors that might comprise additional mediating mechanisms from childhood emotional abuse to mental health problems in later life is worthy of further investigation. 相似文献
17.
Perry C. Francis 《Journal of College Counseling》2003,6(2):114-123
College and university personnel are often confronted with several ethical and legal issues as they respond to students who present with suicidal ideation or suicide attempts on campus. This article presents an overview of the issues and the solutions that seek to address the ethical guidelines of the counseling profession and the university's goal of a safe learning environment. Solutions are applied to the creation of policies for dealing with suicidal students. 相似文献
18.
《Journal of College Student Psychotherapy》2013,27(3-4):101-124
The article contains an analysis of underlying cognitive processes that have been found to strongly influence an individual's movement toward self-destruction. Clinical material from a discussion with several young people illustrate significant signs of suicide abuse; (3) low self-esteem-negative attitudes toward self; (4) a sense of hopelessness and despair; (5) guilt reactions and psychological pain; and (6) a progressive withdrawal from relationships and favored activities. The self-disclosures of these adolescents provide a comprehensive view of a hostile thought process or "voice" that is a fundamental part of self-destructive tendencies existing, to varying degrees, in every individual. A chart depicting levels of increasing suicide intent, "The Continuum of Negative Thought Patterns," can be utilized to assess the suicidal potential in the individual student or patient. 相似文献
19.
BackgroundIn recent years, research has increasingly focused on examining the relationship between one type of child maltreatment -- emotional violence -- and suicidal behaviors. However, the growing body of empirical evidence supporting these associations has been mostly limited to high-income contexts.ObjectiveThis study examines how exposure to emotional violence is associated with suicide ideation in childhood and adolescence in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs), and whether this association differs by sex.Participants and settingWe employ nationally representative samples of 13–24 year-old males and females from the Violence Against Children Surveys in Tanzania (conducted in 2009), Kenya (2010), and Haiti (2012).MethodsWe use logistic regressions to estimate the odds of ever reporting suicide ideation, separately, for each country; models control for self-reported exposure to emotional violence, physical violence from a caregiver, physical violence by an adult in the community, sexual violence, intimate partner violence, and age. Formal moderation by sex for each form of child maltreatment is tested using interaction terms.ResultsWe find the odds of suicide ideation are consistently and significantly greater for adolescents who report ever exposure to emotional violence. This same consistency is not observed for any other form of maltreatment across countries. The size of the relationship between emotional violence and suicide ideation is statistically significantly larger for males in Kenya only.ConclusionResearch in LMICs should explore the mediating factors linking emotional abuse in childhood and adolescence to suicide ideation in adolescence, paying special attention to whether these pathways might operate differently by sex. 相似文献