共查询到17条相似文献，搜索用时 203 毫秒
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目的了解泰州市艾滋病自愿咨询检测（VCT）人群的分布特征,为针对各类求询人员采取有效的防治措施提供信息和依据。方法对2011年全市VCT门诊求询者的基本信息及艾滋病病毒检测情况进行统计分析。结果2011年泰州1市各级VCT门诊的求询者共4174人,HIV感染率为0．29％（12／4135）。求询者以18—49岁青壮年为主,男女检测比例为1．73：1,男性HIV感染率显著高于女性。求询者类型主要以有商业异性性行为史者为主,有男男性行为史求询者的HIV感染率最高。结论泰州市艾滋病传播途径以性传播为主,高龄化HIV感染人群有增多化趋势;应进一步合理利用咨询点资源,将VCT服务与重点人群的高危行为干预工作结合起来,尽早发现HIV感染者,减少二代传播。 相似文献
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社区居民艾滋病知识、态度和行为状况调查分析 总被引：2，自引：0，他引：2
目的：了解南昌市东湖区墩子塘社区居民对艾滋病防治知识的知晓、态度和行为状况，以配舍中国——欧盟性病艾滋病防治和全球基金艾滋病防治合作项目有针对性地开展健康教育干预工作。方法：于2004年8月随机抽取1500户居民进行问卷调查，并对结果进行统计分析。结果：94．04％的人知道艾滋病，但只有36．53％的一般居民和57．69％的医务人员完全答对HIV三种传播途径，高迭82．31％的居民认为自己完全没有可能感染艾滋病。结论与建议：调查显示有相当比例的调查对象对艾滋病知识知晓不足，应有针对性地开展健康教育干预工作．尤其是对医彝人葫的芷滋痛防治知识教育工作亟待加强。 相似文献
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艾滋病是由于人类感染了免疫缺陷病毒(简称HIV)后引起的一种致死性传染病.目前,全球感染艾滋病的人数已将近7000万,因患艾滋病死亡的人数已达到2000多万,艾滋病的传播速度越来越快,传播趋势也从高危人群蔓延至普通人群.尽管对艾滋病的宣传教育国家做了很多工作,但是对于青少年的防治艾滋病教育工作仍存在较多不足.商丘市属于艾滋病高发区,本研究拟通过问卷调查形式,对商丘市中学生艾滋病知识的掌握情况进行调查分析,为商丘市的艾滋病防治工作提供有效依据. 相似文献
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目的：了解HIV性途径感染女性高危人群STD病原体的感染情况,为更好地实施预防治疗及干预活动提供理论基础。方法：采用真菌培养、淋球菌（NG）培养、支原体培养及提取HPV的DNA进行检测。对120例HIV高危人群及73例女性健康体检者泌尿生殖道STD的4种病原体进行检查。结果：HIV高危人群真菌阳性率35．1％,支原体的阳性率74．6％,HPV阳性率为35％。健康体检者真菌阳性率为22．5％,支原体的阳性率52．1％,HPV阳性率为13.3％。两组人群均未分离到淋球菌。结论：除淋球菌外HIV高危人群STD阳性率均高于健康人群,经Х^2检验,支原体及HPV差异有统计学意义。 相似文献
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民族地区高校大学生艾滋病相关知识调查分析 总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1
目的:了解民族地区高校大学生对艾滋病相关知识的掌握情况,为探索和推广可行的健康教育和行为干预提供科学依据.方法:采用整群抽样法抽取河池学院一至三年级2 300名在校大学生进行匿名自填问卷调查.结果:被调查的大学生中,对艾滋病的三大传播途径知晓率为79.61%;非传播途径知晓率为82.66%;预防知识知晓率为82.09%;82.66%的学生认为对HIV/AIDs值得同情;8.87%学生有过性行为;83.06%的学生希望通过学校获得系统的相关AIDS知识.结论:学生对艾滋病相关知识了解尚不够全面深入,健康教育亟待加强. 相似文献
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目的：调查了解现阶段大学生对艾滋病的认知和行为意向以及态度,为进一步加强大学生艾滋病相关教育提供基础依据。方法：研究对象为1460名在校大学生,调查采用自填式调查表进行调查。结果：调查对象对艾滋病的知晓率为100％,对艾滋病有效传播途径的认识较清楚。结论：调查对象对艾滋病的严重性、传染性、易感性、传播途径、致病机理以及预防等知识的认知水平较高,以及对艾滋病的流行趋势有较清楚的认识。大多数大学生对于吸毒的危害有很好的认识;对艾滋病病人或感染者的态度,依然存在恐惧和歧视心理。 相似文献
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目的：通过分析宜春市近3年来实验室艾滋病检测结果,了解掌握艾滋病流行趋势与特征,为今后艾滋病防治工作提供科学依据。方法：对2008-2010年宜春市不同人群361771份血清标本HIV抗体检测进行统计分析。结果：361771份血清标本中检出HIV抗体阳性150例,阳性率为0．04％。结论：宜春市艾滋病仍处于低流行水平,经性传播是主要传播途径,农民和20-40岁外出务工人员占阳性率的50％以上。 相似文献
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目的了解医药专科院校大学生对艾滋病知识的掌握情况,为后期进行健康教育提供参考。方法对300名在校一年级大学生进行艾滋病知识及相关问题的问卷调查。结果对血液传播、性接触传播、母婴传播知晓率分别是95．3％、94．0％和92．7％,对胎盘、母乳和产道三种母婴传播的方式知晓率分别为85．3％、76．7％和75．3％。学生获取艾滋病相关知识的主要途径以电视、网络、广播的有85．3％、学校教育的有71.7％、相关书籍的有67．7％、医务人员的有46．0％。65．3％的学生希望学校教育给予艾滋病相关知识分学生对有关防治性病和艾滋病的基本知识以性知识有较高的需求。结论：医学院校大学生对艾滋病相关知识认知情况仍不足,需要进一步加强教育。 相似文献
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Basic factual information about disease is the cornerstone of health promotion and disease prevention interventions. Previous studies have shown that content analysis of the questions asked of service providers can elucidate the information needs of service consumers. Questions asked by individuals at known high risk for HIV infection have not previously been examined. The current study analyzed 944 questions asked by 634 patients receiving HIV‐risk‐reduction counseling services at an urban sexually transmitted infections clinic. Questions were captured from audiotape recordings of risk‐reduction counseling sessions that were subsequently transcribed and content‐analyzed. A total of 49% of clients asked at least one question in their counseling session. Asking counselors questions was not associated with demographic characteristics or AIDS‐related knowledge. Questions were found to fit the AIDS information content structure identified in past research. The most common questions asked by sexually transmitted infection clients concerned condoms and other barrier methods of prevention (15%), HIV symptoms and disease progression (14%) and HIV antibody testing (11%). These results show that many individuals at high risk for HIV infection have substantial information needs, and that basic education about AIDS facts should not be neglected in HIV prevention interventions. 相似文献
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目的：掌握祥云县HIV／AIDS流行趋势,为制订防控措施提供依据。方法：利用描述流行病学方法分析祥云县2004年至2011年报告的祥云籍HIV／AIDS疫情资料。结果：2004年至2011年祥云县共报告祥云籍HIV／AIDS389例,年平均报告率10．6。1／10万,死亡58例;其发病率的分布特征为：2004年至2007年呈快速增长趋势,2008年至2010年趋于平缓;县城高于坝区,坝区高于山区;男性（14．62／10万,年均）大于女性（6．89／10万,年均）,两者差异有统计学意义（X％36．82,P〈0．05）,在男性和女性中的比例为2．27：1;以20~40~为主,占79．69％;以农民（293例）为主,占82-4％;以初中以下学历为主,占97．13％;以非婚性接触和静脉吸毒为主,分别占病例总数的45．76％、38．56％。结论：祥云县艾滋病疫情经过实施全球基金艾滋病控制项目后,疫情已得到初步遏制。由于HIV／AIDS疫情的复杂性,感染途径的多样性,必须加强对艾滋病防治知识宣传,提高全民预防艾滋病的意识;重点应对农民、待业青年开展宣传和教育,加强对流动人口的管理;进一步完善咨询检测网络,提高艾滋病的发现,以有效控制艾滋病的蔓延。 相似文献
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We are concerned with the ways in which social constructions of age can contribute to reducing or exacerbating the vulnerability of young people, and for this reason we refer to the issue as one of ‘the politics of innocence’. The focus of this paper is on gender, youth and HIV prevention/AIDS awareness in the context of South Africa and investigates the uses (and abuses) of images of ‘childhood’, ‘youth’ and ‘adolescence’ in the age of AIDS. Notwithstanding the particular case of South Africa where the incidence of new cases of HIV infection amongst young people is at crisis proportions, the impetus for our work on the visual representations of youth, gender and AIDS comes out of a recognition of the increasing risk of youth to sexually transmitted infections, HIV and AIDS, and within that the particular vulnerability, worldwide, of young women. 相似文献
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《Adolescence education newsletter》1998,1(1):9
In China, puberty education seeks to provide young people with a healthy outlook toward life. The curriculum covers physiology, reproduction, physical changes during puberty, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV/AIDS, drug abuse, socialist sexual morality, love and friendship, and protection of adolescents' legal rights. Since premarital sex is uncommon among adolescents in China and teen pregnancy is not a social problem, the curriculum does not emphasize contraception and safe sex. 相似文献
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This study aimed to assess associations between school HIV education and protective sexual behaviors and sexually transmitted disease (STD)/HIV diagnosis with a representative sample of male and female high school students. Data from male and female adolescent participants in the 1999, 2001 and 2003 Massachusetts Youth Risk Behavior Survey (n = 12,243) were analyzed. Adjusted regression analyses stratified by gender were conducted to assess relationships between school HIV education exposure and the following outcomes: no sexual initiation, condom use at last sex, no multiple sex partners in the past three months and no history of STD/HIV diagnosis. Participants were mostly White (75%) and were 51% male; the subsample of sexually active students was younger than the total sample but was otherwise similar in demographics. School HIV education was reported by 93% of our sample and was significantly related to sexual initiation among boys (odds ratio = 1.9, 95% confidence interval = 1.4–2.7) but not girls. Among sexually experienced students (n = 4752), boys reporting exposure to school HIV education were significantly more likely to report condom use (odds ratio = 2.2, 95% confidence interval = 1.6–3.1), no multiple sex partners (odds ratio = 3.2, 95% confidence interval = 2.3–4.4) and no STD/HIV diagnosis (odds ratio = 3.2, 95% confidence interval = 2.0–5.0); girls reporting such exposure were significantly more likely to report no multiple sex partners (odds ratio = 2.2, 95% confidence interval = 1.3–3.6). In conclusion, exposure to school HIV education is associated with sexual protective behaviors and reduced likelihood of STD/HIV diagnosis for boys but less so for girls, suggesting the need for more gender‐tailored approaches to school HIV education. 相似文献
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Genaro Castro-Vázquez 《Gender and education》2000,12(4):479-492
At the upper secondary school level, adolescents seem to be very concerned about sex education programmes, mainly because of widespread information about AIDS, and, of course, because most of them are beginning their sexual life. Generally speaking, Mexican sex education teachers are dealing with two challenges; the steady increase of teenage pregnancy and the spread of sexually transmitted diseases (STD), especially AIDS. In observing the dynamics in sex education lessons and interviewing a group of teenagers; it can be concluded that to the subjects of this study, contraception decision-making, especially condom use, being more than a rational or a cognitive issue, is a matter highly determined by their sexual reputation. 相似文献